高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)學(xué)案

1、1 高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)一、用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空: 1. he often_ (ride) a bike to school. 2. he_ (be) from germany. 3.you_ (look) tired today. 4.they_ (speak) english fluently. 5. practice_ (make) perfect. 肯定形式否定形式結(jié)構(gòu)：用法 : 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作; 表示現(xiàn)在的情況或狀態(tài); 表主語(yǔ)具備的性格、特征和能力; 表示普遍真理和自然規(guī)律或者格言警句; 常與副詞always, every time, now and then,

2、occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 等連用動(dòng)詞第三人稱加s/es的規(guī)則）1.一般情況下直接加s 例如 : walk-walks visit-visits 2. 以 s,x，ch，sh 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加es 例如 : wash-washes watch-watches 3.以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞 ,把 y 改為 i,再加 es,例如 : study-studies try-tries 但是不以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加s ，例如： playplays enjoy-enjoys 4.特殊的如： gogoes dodoes 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的

3、特殊用法1.the teacher told us that the earth _(travel) around the sun. 2. there_ (go) the bell. 3. if it (rain）tomorrow, we shall stay at home. if it _ (rain）tomorrow, we shall go on a picnic. 4.he ll let you know as soon as he( hear) from him. 5. our school_ (begin) in september. 6.the train_ (leave) a

4、t 10:00 a.m tomorrow. 7. he _(be) always ready to help others. 8. the window _(be) dirty so you don t need to clean it. 1.在賓語(yǔ)從句中, 如果從句表達(dá)的是普遍真理和自然規(guī)律或者格言警句, 則不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響, 仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) . 2.在倒裝句中 , 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)要注意主主謂一致; 3.在以 when, till/ until, as soon as, after, before, if, unless, once, even if 等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句中的動(dòng)詞用

5、一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。4. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)表示不可改變已安排好或規(guī)定的活動(dòng),時(shí)刻表二、用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空: he_ (run) on the playground now. so he _(study) in the classroom. we_ (have) a sports meeting these days. 肯定形式否定形式結(jié)構(gòu)：用法 : 表示現(xiàn)在 (說(shuō)話的瞬間 )正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作; 表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或存在的狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞加 ing 的規(guī)則：1).一般情況下直接加ing play-playing 2).以字母 e 結(jié)尾的單詞

6、 ,e不發(fā)音 ,去 e 加 ing have -having dancedancing 3)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,后面有一個(gè)輔音字母的,雙寫輔音字母,再加 ing put putting begin beginning swim swimming run running occur- occurring prefer-preferring drag- dragging bid-bidding ban-banning dig-digging jog-jogging 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊用法1. ladies and gentlemen, please turn off your cell phones.

7、 the plane_ (take off). 2. we_ (leave for)beijing tomorrow. 3. china_ (become) stronger and stronger. 4. he_ always_ (complain) about life. 5. john_ constantly _ (help) others. 6. the price_ (go up) recently. 7. the trees_ (grow up) quickly. 1. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作; 2. 表示逐漸發(fā)展的過(guò)程; 3. 表示一種不滿或喜愛(ài)的情感; 4. 表持續(xù)不斷的

8、動(dòng)作; 三、用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空: 1.she_ (go) to work on the farm next week. 2. i_ (send) you the book soon. 3.we_ (go) fishing this weekend. 4. fish_ (die) without water. 5. the light is still on, i_ (go) and turn it off. 肯定形式否定形式結(jié)構(gòu)：用法 : 表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài); 表示打算 ,準(zhǔn)備 ,計(jì)劃將要做 ; 表示傾向性 ,習(xí)慣性 ;必定發(fā)生 ; 表示意愿 ; 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和

9、一般將來(lái)時(shí)填空1. bill gates often_ (use) this computer, but he_ (use) it at present. 2. i don t know when suzan_ (return), but when she_ (return), i_ (let) you know.2 3. even if it_ (rain) tomorrow, the sports meeting_ (take place). 4. _ (set) your alarm o clock, or you will oversleep.四、用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空: i_ (

10、be) a student 5 years ago. we_ (see) an exciting football match yesterday. he often_ (go) to swim in the river when he_ (be) young. 肯定形式否定形式結(jié)構(gòu)：用法 : 表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去特定時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系; 表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作; 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成: 規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種形式，不規(guī)則變化通常需要逐個(gè)記憶，規(guī)則變化則遵循以下原則：(1) 一般在動(dòng)詞后加-ed。如： playplayed, offer offered, weigh weighed, d

11、estroy destroyed, signsigned. (2) 在以字母e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，只加-d。如： likeliked, provide provided, hate hated, datedated。(3) 在以 “ 輔音字母 +y” 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，則改y 為 i，再加 ed。如： supplysupplied, fly flied, study studied. (4) 在以單短元音的重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞后,雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加 -ed。如： planplanned, referreferred, regretregretted, banbanned

12、. 五、用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空: we_ (have) class at 10 o clock yesterday morning. on a cold morning, a hunter_ (walk) through a forest. 用法 : 表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作; 用于故事中情節(jié)，場(chǎng)面的描述用一般過(guò)去時(shí), 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)填空: 1.the fireman_ (go) towards the fire, which _ still_ (smoke). 2. when i_ (enter) the room, he_ (not see) me, for he_ (r

13、ead) something with great interest. 3. we_ (have) supper when someone_ (knock) the door. 4. he_ (get) injured when he_ (ride) a horse. 5. he_ (fall) asleep while he_ (watch) tv. 6. i_(be) too busy, otherwise i could go with you. i_(be) too busy, otherwise i could have gone with you. 短暫性 v. 常用一般過(guò)去時(shí),

14、持續(xù)性 v. 常用進(jìn)去進(jìn)行時(shí); 用一般過(guò)去時(shí), 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)填空: 1. in his letter, he_ (tell) me that he_(take) the college entrance examination this year. 2. he said that he_ (not go) with us if he_ (be) too busy. 3. they promised that they_(bring) us all the necessary books. 六、用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空: i_ (lose) my key, so i can t open the

15、 door. he_ already_ (finish) his homework. he_ (learn) english for 10 years. i_ (live) here since i was born. 肯定形式否定形式結(jié)構(gòu)：用法 : 1. 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果, 常與 ever, never, twice, already, yet, just, before, recently, lately, so far, in the last/past year(s)等連用 .2. 表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常與 for+ 段時(shí)

16、間 , since+ 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用; 用一般過(guò)去時(shí), 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)填空: 1.i don t want to see the film because i _ already_ (see) it? 2. so far we _(plant) more than 3,000 trees there. 3. we_ (know) each other since we_ (study) in the middle school. 4. in the past ten years, great changes_ (take) place in my hometown. 5. it is 10 ye

17、ars since we_ (know) each other. 6. this is the second time that he_ (win) the first prize. 7. this is the best novel i_ ever_ (read). 8. it is high time that we_ (take) action. 七、用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空: 1.the movie_ (begin) before we arrived the cinema 2.we_ (learn)3000 words by the end of last term. 3.the

18、task was much harder than we_ (expect). 4. he_ hardly_(reach) home when it_ (begin) to rain. 5. i_ (hope) to pass the exam, but i failed. 肯定形式否定形式結(jié)構(gòu)：用法 :動(dòng)作發(fā)生在一個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作之前“ 過(guò)去的過(guò)去 ”, 常與 by +過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或 when, before引導(dǎo)的從句連用 ; 表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望 ,打算 ,意圖 ,諾言等。常用had hoped /planned / meant /intended/though /wanted / expecte

19、d等3 八、用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空: 1.we_ (study) in yingde no.1 high school since 2011. 2. he_ in the rain for half an hour and he is tired out. 3. cctv_ (broadcast) english programmes ever since 1977. 4. -you look so tired. yes, i_ (paint) my house all day and i will finish it tomorrow. 肯定形式否定形式結(jié)構(gòu)：用法 : 表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間

20、開(kāi)始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還可能延續(xù)下去,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性, 而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束 . 用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空: 1. by the end of this term, we_ (finish) learning unit 18. 2. by the end of last term, we_(finish) learning unit 18. 3. at the end of the last term, we_ (finish) learning unit 18. 4. dont visit your uncle at 8 o clock tomorrow morning, beca

21、use he_ (have) a meeting at that time. 5. -shall we go shopping at 4 o clock tomorrow afternoon? -sorry. i_(watch) a football match then. 重點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)： (以動(dòng)詞 make 為例，寫出其在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的形式) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)完成時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練 : 1. the yangtze river _ (flow) into the east china sea. 2. christm

22、as _(fall) on a sunday next year. 3. dont be late, mike; the train _(start) at 8 a.m. 4. the boy _ ( draw) a picture now. 5. kate _(review) her lessons at eight last night. 6. this time next day they _(sit) in the cinema. 7. at this time tomorrow, i _(lie) on the beach. 8. you _(have)an english clas

23、s at 9 o clock tomorrow.9. it s a long time since we _ (meet) last time , isn t it ？10. - i know you _ (buy) a picture book . -yes, have a look at it, please 11. so far, we _ (plant) many thousands of trees. 12. by the time he came we _ (work) for two hours. 13. it is time that you _(go) to bed. 14.

24、 i would rather you _(come) tomorrow. 15. this machine _(not work). it hasn t worked for years.16. he _(play) football regularly for many years when he was young. 17. -have you known dr. jackson for a long time? -yes, since he _(join) the chinese party. 18. .i called lucy many times yesterday evenin

25、g, but i couldn t get through. her brother _(talk) on the phone all the time. 19. we first met on a train in 2000. we both felt immediately that we _(know) each other for years. 選擇題 : 1. i ll phone you if she_ this evening. in fact she didn t tell me if she_. a. would com will come b. will come; cam

26、e c. comes; would come d. come; came 2. since i won the big prize, my telephone hasn t stopped ringing. people_ to ask how i am going to spend the money a. phone b. will phone c. were phoning d. are phoning 3. the wet weather will continue tomorrow， when a cold front to arrive. a. is expected b. is

27、expecting c. expects d. will be expected 4.david_ more of the others than himself. he sets a good example to us all. a. is always thinking b. is thoughtc. was always thinking d. is thinking 5. how can i apply for an online course? just fill out this form and we what we can do for you. a. see b. are

28、seeingc. have seen d. will see 6. this machine .it hasn t worked for years.4 a. didn t workb. wasn t workingc. doesn t work d. isn t working7. leave at the end of this month. i don t think you should do that until another job.a. i m going to; you d foundb. i m going to; you ve foundc. i ll; you ll f

29、indd. i ll; you d find8. look at the timetable. hurry up! flight 4026 off at 1820. a. takes b. tookc. will be taken d. has taken 9. in a room above the store，where a party_ ，some workers are busily setting the table. a. is to be held b. has been held c. will be held d. is being held 10. are you stil

30、l busy? -yes, i_ my work; and it won t take long. a. just finish b. am just finishing c. have just finished d. am just going to finish 11. if he had focused on the work yesterday, he could have accomplished it. but he_ all day. a. had chatted b. has been chatting c. is chatting d. chatted 12. i saw

31、jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening. impossible. she tv with me in my home then. a. watched b. had watchedc. would watch d. was watching 13.i don t believe you ve already finished reading the book i it to you this morning! a. would lend b. was lending c. had lent d. lent 14

32、. i in london for many years ，but i ve never regretted my final decision to move back to china.a. lived b. was living c. have lived d. had lived 15.-oh, it s you! i_ you. - i ve just had my hair cut and i m wearing new glasses. a. didn t recognize b. hadn t recognized c. haven t recognized d. don t

33、recognize 16. the moment i got home ， i found i my jacket on the playground. a. had left b. left c. have left d. was leaving 17. so far this year we a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. a. saw b. seec. had seen d. have seen 18. you him around the museum yet?yes. we had a great time th

34、ere. a. have; shown b. do; show c. had; shown d. did; show 19. large quantities of fish _ in the river in the past few days. a. were caught b. was caught c. has been caught d. have been caught 20.as the saying goes, one is never too old to learn. after he _, he will devote himself to gardening. a. r

35、etired b. has retired c. will retired. had retired 21. i m sure andrew will win the first prize in the final. i think so. he for it for months. a .is preparing b. was preparingc. had been preparing d. has been preparing 22. i have got a headache.no wonder. you in front of that computer too long. a.

36、work b. are working c. have been working d. worked 23. police are now searching for a woman who is reported to_ since the flood hit the area last friday. a. have been missing b. have got lost c. be missing d. get lost 24. by the time jane gets home, her aunt_ for london to attend a meeting. a. will

37、leave b. leaves c. will have left d. left 25. by the time he retires, professor li_ for almost 36 years. a. will teach b. has taught c. will be teaching d. will have taught 26. that dinner was the most expensive meal we_. a. would have b. have had c. have never had d. had ever had 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) : 主語(yǔ)跟謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作是一個(gè)被

38、動(dòng)關(guān)系. 形式: be + 過(guò)去分詞，get / become + 過(guò)去分詞用法 : 1）不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)或沒(méi)必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。2）當(dāng)我們要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者而不是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。3) 記憶歌訣：誰(shuí)做的動(dòng)作不知道，說(shuō)出誰(shuí)做的沒(méi)有必要；動(dòng)作承受者需強(qiáng)調(diào)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)運(yùn)用到. 時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞5 句型變換1. mary is making a dress at the moment. - a dress _ at the moment by mary. 2. victor is writing a novel

39、this year. -a novel _this year by victor. 3. the workers were mending the road. - the road_ by the workers.4. we have watered all the flowers. -all the flowers _by us. 5. the government has designed a new program to help disabled people . - a new program _to help disabled people . 6. they are going

40、to build the stone bridge next year. - the stone bridge _ next year. 7. the manger won t complete the project in a week. - the project _in a week by the manager. 用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種形式填空：1. the town_(surround) by ranges of mountains. 2. rome_(not build) in a day. 3. have an aim i life, or you energies_(waste).

41、4. the asian games_(hold) these days. 5. the thief_(question) this time yesterday. 6. the room_(clean) so far. 7. i couldn t go to the party because i_(invite). 8. a man _(must not judge) by his appearance, just as the ocean _ (can not measure) in gallons( 加侖 ). 9.the ceremony _(hold) tomorrow. 10.t

42、rees _(plant) every year. 11.i didn t expected that i would _(interview)12.all the tickets_ (sell) out when they rushed there. 13. this is not an easy job and can t _(finish) in such a short time.14. professor james will give us a lecture on western culture, but when and where_ ( not decide) yet. 強(qiáng)化

43、訓(xùn)練 : 1. why did you leave that position? -i_ a better position at ibm. a. offer b. offered c. am offered d. was offered 2. do you have any problems if you this job? well，i m thinking about the salary.a. offer b. will offer c. are offered d. will be offered 3. no decision about any future appointment

44、 until all the candidates have been interviewed. a. will be made b. is made c. is being made d. has been made 4. i like these english songs and they many times on the radio. a. taught b. have taughtc. are taught d. have been taught 5. a friend of mine returned to his house after a holiday ,only to f

45、ind it _. a. be broken into b. was broken intoc. had broken into d. had been broken into 6. with the help of high technology ，more and more new substances in the past years. a discovered b. have discovered c. had been discovered d. have been discovered 7. have you handed in your schoolwork yet?yes，i

46、 have. i guess it now. a. has graded b. is gradedc. is being graded d. is grading 8. at the end of the meeting ，it was announced that an agreement . a. has been reachedb. had been reached c. has reachedd. had reached 9. although the causes of cancer ，we do not yet have any practical way to prevent i

47、t. a. are being uncovered b. have been uncovering c. are uncovering d. have uncovered 10. tom knew he would certainly get _ if he was late home a. shout at b. to shout at c. shouted at d. to be shouted at 11.i got caught in the rain and my suit . a. has ruined b. had ruined c. has been ruined d. had

48、 been ruined 12. as the years passed，many occasions birthdays，awards ，graduations with dad s flowers.a. are marked b. were marked c. have marked d. had marked 13. your job open for your return. thanks. a. will be kept b. will keepc. had kept d. had been kept 14.all the machines _ by the end of the f

49、ollowing week. a . were repaired b . would be repaired c . will have been repaired d. were being repair 15. i don t suppose the police know who did it. well，surprisingly they do. a man has been arrested and now. a .has been questioned b .is being questioned c .is questioning d. has questioned 16. sa

50、rah，hurry up! i m afraid you can t have time to before the party. a. get changed b. get change c .get changing d .getting change 17. it is said that the early european playing cards for entertainment and education. a. were being designed b. have designedc. have been designed d. were designed 6 主動(dòng)形式表

51、被動(dòng)意義用括號(hào)內(nèi)的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空:1.these flowers_ (smell) very nice. einstein s theory_ (prove) to be correct. 2. work_ (begin) at 7olock this morning . the shop_ (close) at 6 p.m 3. the door won t_ (shut/lock). the supermarket doors_ (shut) automatically. 4. my coat_ (wash) easily. that book_ (sell) well. 5. grea

52、t changes_ (take place) in the past 20 years. the war_ (break out)in 1936. 6. it is well known that taiwan_ (belong to) china. the uk_(consist of) 4 countries. 7. he is easy to_ (get along with) . this kind of water isn t fit to_(drink) 8. his watch is out of order and needs_ (repair) the book is no

53、t worth_ (read). i feel it is your husband who is_(blame) for the spoiled child. 9.the room_(measure) forty feet long. the bag_ (weigh) 100 kilogram. 歸納總結(jié)：1、某些系動(dòng)詞，如look, taste, sound, feel (摸上去 )smell, prove ,appear, remain, stay 等; 2、表示開(kāi)始、結(jié)束，運(yùn)動(dòng)，發(fā)生的動(dòng)詞，如begin, start, open, close, shut 等; 3、wash, sell

54、, burn, wear, write, read, clean, dry, run 等, 與 well ，easily 等副詞連用時(shí)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的某種屬性(特征、性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)等)。4. open, shut, lock, move 等作不及物動(dòng)詞且表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性時(shí)，通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：5、不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，如happen, take place, come about, wear out, break out, disappear, last, arise, wear out , break down等。6、某些靜態(tài)及物動(dòng)詞不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如 belong to, add

55、up to, date from, consist of , possess ( 占有 ), lack ( 缺乏 )等。7.主語(yǔ) +be +adj(easy/hard /difficult/pleasant /comfortable)+to do 8. need/require/want +doing=to be done be worth doing sb is to blame for 9. measure, weigh 意思為 :測(cè)量為 ; 重達(dá)時(shí) ; 做題提示 :一些無(wú)被動(dòng)的詞做定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)時(shí),用 ing 形式1.a big black bear _(weigh)300 pound was spotted nearby. 2._ (consist of)three parts ,the novel is a very interesting one. 3. (taste)good ,the apples are sold out quickly. 4.the flowers_ (sme