仁愛版英語八級上冊第一單元知識點小結(jié)

1、unit 1are you going to play basketball.本課重點的語法： 一般將來時態(tài)be going to表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情；表示預備，準備做某事用法： be going to +v 原形例句： he is going to write a letter tonight.i am going to play basketball.重點短語：(1) see sb do sth 觀察某人做了某事（強調(diào)觀察動作的全過程）see sb doing sth 觀察某人正在做某事（強調(diào)觀察動作正在進行的一部分）例句i often see tom play basketbal

2、l on the playground. 我常常觀察湯姆在操場上打籃球i saw tom playing basketball on the playground yesterday.我昨天觀察湯姆正在操場上打籃球；類似的詞仍有：hear， watch ，(2) almost副詞 adv. 意為 “ 幾乎，差不多 ”用法：放在be 動詞前，動詞之后；例句： supper is most ready. 晚飯就要好了；i most fell off my bike.我?guī)缀鯊淖孕熊嚿纤は聛恚?3) cheer sb. on 為某人喝彩例句： i cheer him on.我為他喝彩；(4) agai

3、nst 介詞pre.對著，反對play against 與抗衡 /較量例句： we are against the war. 我們反對戰(zhàn)爭；we play against the red team. 我們與紅隊較量；(5) prefer較喜愛，更喜愛； 用法： prefer+ving/ 名詞 /代詞例句： i prefer playing basketball. 我更喜愛打籃球；i prefer the white dog.我更喜愛這只白狗； i prefer it.我更喜愛它；詞組： preferto喜愛不喜愛例句： his brother prefers english to math.他

4、的哥哥喜愛英語而不喜愛數(shù)學；i prefer play basketball to play football. 留意此時是用原形(6) bothand兩個都；即又后面的謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式例句： both yaoming and yijianlian play basketball in the nba.（對）both yaoming and yijianlian plays basketball in the nba.錯 7dream of/about夢見留意 of/about 是介詞，后面的動詞要加ing 例句： last night i dreamed of flying in the

5、sky.(8) give up+ving/ 名詞 /代詞意為 “ 舍棄 ”例句： he gives up smoking.i don t give up english.don t give it up. 留意代詞放中間(9) 感嘆句what + a + 感情顏色的名詞！例句： what a pity.=what a shame.多好玩啊！(10) take part in參與，加入join參與，加入 take part in 指加入競賽或者活動join 一般指加入組織1例句： she took part in running.她參與跑步運動；he joined the army in 199

6、5.他在 1995 年參軍；(11) spend+時間on sth /in doing sth花費時間在某事上/花費時間在做某事上例句： he spent one hour on the book.he spent two hours in doing his homework.(12) exercise 作：動詞，名詞不行數(shù) ，錘煉例句： she dose morning exercise every day. 作名詞 she exercises every day.（作動詞）(13) be good at+doing sth /名詞 =do well in善于做某事例句： i am goo

7、d at english.he is good at playing baskerball.(14) be good for對有益，有好處be bad for對有害，不好 例句： exercise is good for your health.reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.同類的詞組仍有：be good to sb 對某人好be bad to sb 對某人不好例句： the english teacher is good to us.(15) keep fit = keep healthy保持健康 health（ 健 康 ， 名 詞 ） he

8、althy（健康的，形容詞）healthily （健康地，副詞）(16) relax放松詞組： relax oneself 使自己放松例句： stop and relax yourself.(17) arrive in + 大地方北京，上海，廈門，美國 arrive at +小地方（ village小村莊）get to +地點到達某地reach+地點到達某地上述詞后跟home, here, there, back 時，都不用介詞；后面無地點時用arrive；(18) excited興奮的，興奮的，用來修飾人exciting令人興奮的，使人興奮的，用來修飾物區(qū)分： we are excited

9、to hear the good news.聽到這個好消息我們很興奮；it is an exciting story. 這是個令人興奮的故事；類似的詞仍有：interested 和 interestingbored 和 boringtired 和 tiring(19) leave for sp.動身前往某地leave for shanghai 動身前往上海leave sp. for. sp 離開某地去某地leave beijing for shanghai離開北京去上海(20) for + 一段的時間stay for two weeks. 兩星期是一段的時間(21) all over the

10、world全世界(22) hope to do sth（期望做什么）hope + 句子（期望的事情，實現(xiàn)的可能性大）wish sb sth（期望某人某事）wish sb to do sth （期望某人干什么）wish+ 句子（期望的事情，實現(xiàn)的可能性小表虛擬語氣） i hope to become/ be a teacher.i hope he will become a teacher. i wish you good luck.i wish him to become/ be a teacher.i wish i were a bird.2單項挑選1. she prefers basket

11、ball.a. playb. to playingc. playingd. plays2. do you play sports. once a week.a. how longb. how oftenc. how manyd. how much 3. makes your body strong.a. runingb. runningc. to rund. runner4. more sports and you can next year.a. do, be healthb. doing, healthc. do, be healthyd. doing, healthy5. they ar

12、e beijing tomorrow.a. leave forb. will leave forc. leaving ford. going to leaving for6. he will be back four days.a. afterb. inc. fromd. to7. lily the long jump, and she jumped very far.a. joinb. joinedc. takes part ind. took part in8. cycling can make your body .a. strongb. stronglyc. be strongd. t

13、o be strong9. he will beijing tomorrow morning, if the train isn t late.a. reachedb. getc. arrive atd. arrive in10. i am good at basketball.a. to playb. playc.playingd. to playing 11.ann mountains tomorrow morning.a. is climbingb. climbc. is going to climbd. climbs12. i saw tom often with his father

14、 during the summer.a. swimsb. swamc.swimd. swimming 13.running is a good way fit .a. keepsb. to keepc. keepingd. kept14. he prefers on the weekend.a . go shopping b. going shop c. going shoppingd. to go shopping15. my father mother are wokers.a. all; ofb. both; andc. either; ofd. neither; nor3topic

15、2 would you mind passing me some water本課重點語法：1.would you mind doing？你介意嗎？請你好嗎？其否定形式為：would you mind not doing？2. would you mind if +從句？假如你介意嗎？回答時可以用：用yes 或者 no 回答例如： no, not at all. / certainly not. / of course not.不介意，當然可以；i am sorry, but對不起，但是yes, you d better no是t.的，你最好不要；例句： would you mind openi

16、ng windows？你介意打開窗戶嗎？would you mind my opening windows.你介意我打開窗戶嗎？would you mind if i open windows.假如我打開窗戶，你介意嗎？3. could you please + v原型？= would you please + v原型？請你好嗎？例句： could you please give me some water .請你給我些水好嗎？ sure. / of course. 好啊，當然可以；重點短語：(1) do sb. a favor = help sb.= give sb. a hand幫忙某人(

17、2) one of意為 “中的一個 ” 后面接可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)，但謂語動詞用單數(shù)；例句： one of the girls is my sister.這些女孩中的其中一個是我的妹妹.(3) fall ill生病(4) be glad to do sth. 愿意做某事例句： i am glad to help you.我很愿意幫忙你；(5) practice 練習用法： practice sth/ doing sth/代詞例句： you can practice speaking english every day.(6) be late 遲到例句： i am late. he/she is la

18、te./ you are late.be late for做遲到例句： i am late for school.我上學遲到了；(7) manage 治理，經(jīng)營，處理用法 :manage sb./ sth.例句： she manages the hotel well. 她把旅社治理得井井有條；manage to do sth. 設法做成某事例句： she manages to climb the mountain.她設法爬上這座山；(8) need v. 需要情態(tài)動詞時，無人稱和數(shù)的變化，意為“ 必需 ”后面跟 v 原型用法： need to do sth. 需要做某事need sth. 需要

19、某物例句： he needs some help. 他需要一些的幫忙； （做動詞）留意不要弄混淆he need finish the homework.他必需要完成家庭作業(yè)；（做情態(tài)動詞）(9) do one s best to do sth.= try one s努b力es去t t做o 某do事sth.例句： i will do/try my best to study english.(10) believe sb.信任某人（所說的話）believe in sb.信任某人例句： i believe him, but i can not believe in him.我信任他的話，但是我不信

20、任他；(11) keep doing sth.堅持做某事keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人始終做某事keep on doing sth. 連續(xù)干某事(12) be angry with sb.生某人的氣例句： dont be angry with others. 不要總是對別人憤怒；(13) with the help of sb.= with one在某人的s h幫e助lp 下4例句： with the help of the teacher, he did better.= with teachers help, he did better. 14be surethat + 從

21、句意為：確信be sure to do sth. 確信要做某事be sure about sth. 對某事確信例句： i am sure that you can do well in the middle exam.i am sure to finish the task.i am not sure about the answer.(15) turn down把調(diào)小turn up把調(diào)大turn on/off打開 /關閉(16) hear sb. do sth 聽見某人做某事hear sb. doing sth 聽見某人正在做某事(17) be important to sb.對某人是重要的

22、(18) busyadj. 勞碌的用法： be busy with sth.be busy doing sth.(19) enjoy doing sth.喜愛做某事例句：he joins reading very much.他特別喜愛讀書；(20) have a history of +時間段表示有多長的歷史例句： china has a history of more than 5000 years.21a 15-year-old girl一個 15 歲的女孩（留意 year 沒有加 s）(22) 系動詞有g(shù)et, turn, make, sound, 這些系動詞的后面跟形容詞get tir

23、ed/hungry感到疲憊 /變餓turn green 變綠make strong 變的強壯sound interesting 聽起來很好玩(23) instead of代替例句： let s stay at home watching tv instead of going to the movie.(24) have fun =enjoy oneself =have a good time玩得興奮，玩得開心have great fun doing sth.特別歡樂的做某事相關聯(lián)系，單項挑選1. would you mind if i shut關 the door.a yes, please

24、.b.ok. do as you likec. that asll right.d. of course not. do please.2. do you mind up the music.a. to turnb. turningc. turnd to turning 3.learning english well is important you .a . forb. toc. ofd. with4. would you mind if my bike here.a.i putb. i puttingc. me putd. my putting5. your mp4 is nice. wh

25、ere did you buy . i want to buy .a one, oneb it, itc it , oned. one, it6. ann is only girl, but she can speak english well.a 8 years- oldb. a 8 years oldc an 8 year- oldd. 8 years old7. li ping did not go shopping. he went skating .a. of insteadb instead ofc insteadd take the place8. do you mind the

26、 window .a. i closeb. i closingc. meclosed . myclosing9. i want to be a basketball player. so i enjoy basketball every day.a. practice to playb. play thec. practicing playingd playing the10. could you please me around . -sure.a. tofollowb. followc. followingd followed11. the help of mother, i can co

27、ok 煮飯 .a underb usingc. withd. by5topic 3 which sport will you take part in.1i am ready for the long jump我為跳遠做好了預備；be ready for+ 活動，表示 “為預備好了 ”；如：we are ready for the next exam.我們?yōu)橄麓蔚目荚囎龊昧祟A備；【拓展】（ 1）be ready for sth.表示“為預備好 ”；如：i'd just been ready for tea when they called他們打電話時，我剛剛把茶預備好；（2）be re

28、ady to do sth.表示“預備好做某事 ”；如：we were all ready to spend the holiday.我們都為度假做好預備了；2 it's my first time to take part in the high jump這是我第一次參與跳高競賽；it's one's first time to do sth. =it's the first time for sb. to do sth.表示“某人第一次做某事 ”；如：it's mary's first time to see the cute pandas=

29、it's the first time for mary to see the cute pandas這是瑪麗第一次看到可愛的大熊貓；3. maybe michael will make many friends during the sports meet.或許邁克爾在運動會期間會交很多伴侶；（1） make friends with sb. 與某人交伴侶；如：would you like to make friends with me.你情愿和我交伴侶嗎 .（2） maybeadv或許，可能，大致；如：maybe 與 may bemaybe adv.，意為 “可能，或許，大致 ”，

30、在句中作狀語，通常置于句首，也可放在動詞之前；may be 分開來寫就是 “情態(tài)動詞 +動詞原形 ”的形式，意為 “可能是，或許是 ”；其中 be 仍可換成其他的動詞原形顯現(xiàn)于情態(tài)動詞may 后；試比較：maybe he is eighteen.=he may be eighteen他可能十八歲了；6maybe the book is in the desk. =the book may be in the desk那本書可能在書桌里；maybe you have a good chance. =you may have a good chance.或許你有一個好機會；4 when shall

31、 we meet.我們什么時候見面 .（1）shall 同 i 和 we 連用，表示 “將來，將要，將會 ”，后接動詞原形；如： at this time next week i shall be in scotland.下周這個時候我就在蘇格蘭了；（2）否定 shall not=shan't ，過去式 should ；如： we shan't go there.我們不去那兒；i said that i should be pleased to help.我說過我愿意幫忙；（3）在疑問句中和 i we 連用，表示提出或征求看法；如： shall i send you the b

32、ook.我把書給你寄去，好不好.what shall we do this weekend.這個周末我們要做什么呢.5 congratulations.慶賀你 . congratulation n 慶賀、恭賀、賀詞用于向某人表示慶賀，復數(shù)為congratulations ；如： we are getting married.我們要結(jié)婚了 . congratulations.慶賀你們 .congratulations on your exam results.慶賀你取得好的成果 .【拓展】 congratulate v.慶賀，道賀congratulate sb. on sth. 向某人道賀如：i

33、 congratulated them on their results.我為他們?nèi)〉玫某晒蛩麄儽硎緫c賀；6 i'm so excited 我太興奮了；there will be another exciting relay race this afternoon.今日下午仍有一場令人興奮的接力賽；7（1） excited adj. ，意為 “興奮的，對感到興奮 ”，主語通常是人；如：the children were excited about opening their presents.孩子們對打開禮物感到興奮不已；（2） exciting adj. ，意為 “令人興奮的 ”，

34、主語通常是物，類似的詞仍有：interested 和 interesting ，tired 和 tiring等；如：they waited and waited for something exciting to happen.他們等啊等啊，等待著興奮人心的事情發(fā)生；it is an exciting match.這是一場令人興奮的競賽； 7 this encourages me a lot這次對我的勉勵很大；encourage v. 勉勵；常用詞組 encourage sb. to do sth. 勉勵某人做某事；如：our english teacher often encourages

35、us to study well.我們的英語老師常常勉勵我們好好學習；8 the people's republic of china took part in the olympics for the first time in 1952中華人民共和國第一次參與奧林匹克運動會是在1952 年；（1） the people's republic of china.中華人民共和國；縮略形式為prc；（2） for the first time第一次；類似的短語有： for the second time 其次次； for the last time最終一次；如： in 1984，

36、she look part in the olympics for the second time 1984 年，她其次次參與奧運會；in 2021，he will take part in the olympics for the last time2021 年他將最終一次參與奧運會；9 xu haifeng won the first gold medal for china in the l984 los angeles olympics.許海峰在 1984 年洛杉磯奧運會上為中國奪得第一枚金牌；win v. 獲勝，贏； n. winner 獲勝者，過去式 won ，現(xiàn)在分詞 winni

37、ng ；如：8they are the winners.他們是冠軍；win 表示“贏得”，其賓語通常是war, game, battle, match, fame等；win 可作及物動詞或不及物動詞；如：they won the match 他們贏了這場競賽；he couldn't win without your help.沒有你的幫忙他贏不了；10its motto is“ fa，stheigr her ，stronger ”它的宗旨是 “更快，更高，更強；”motto n.箴言，格言，座右銘；作可數(shù)名詞，復數(shù)形式既可以為mottos，也 可以是 mottoes；如：“ it

38、9;s never too old to learn”i“s活m到y(tǒng) m老o學tto到老 ”是我的座右銘；11. the olympic rings are a symbol of the olympic games奧運五環(huán)是奧林匹克運動會的一種標志；a symbol of sth 的象征；如：white is always a symbol of purity in we stem cultures.在西方文化中，白色象征純潔；12there are five rings ， and they stand for the five parts of the wind它有五個環(huán)，代表著世界上的

39、五大洲；stand for 意為“代表”；如：hk stands for hong kong. hk代表香港；【拓展】 stand for 容忍，忍耐；如：i'm not standing for the way he speaks我再也不能忍耐他講話的方式了；13you can easily find at least one of these colors in the flag of every country.你能很簡單地在每個國家的國旗上，至少找到這些顏色中的一種；at least 至少；最少；如：the red car will cost at least 200,000

40、yuan 那輛紅色的小汽車至少要值200000 元；9【拓展】其反義詞組為：atthemost ，意為 “至多；不超過 ”；如：there are at most 5,000 people in this town 這個小鎮(zhèn)最多有5 000 人； 14we should improve our environment我們應當改善我們的環(huán)境；improve 提高，改善；相當于to make sth. better ；如：can you help me improve my english.你能幫我提高英語水平嗎.101 my mother a dinner for my birthday next week.a. hostbhostedc hostingdwill host2we had a sports meeting last sunday i took part in the