大學(xué)英語寫作語法總結(jié)

1、寫作語法總結(jié)1 時(shí)態(tài)問題：四種時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，一般將來時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：第三人稱單數(shù)，例如：兼職工作對(duì)一個(gè)人的將來的事業(yè)有深遠(yuǎn)的影響。Taking part-time jobs exerts profound impacts on ones future career. 發(fā)揮，運(yùn)用，表現(xiàn)國(guó)際旅游業(yè)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。International tourism promotes the economic development.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示逐漸的過程is developing rapidly/dramatically. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： 表示結(jié)果，一般表示變化大，發(fā)展了。注意常用

2、搭配：In recent years, In the past decades最近幾十年期間，世界發(fā)生了巨大的改變。In the past decades, dramatic changes have taken place in the world. 最近幾年，科技極大的改變了人們的生活。In recent years, technology has reshaped peoples life. 犯罪率急劇上升。The crime rate has increased sharply. 一般將來時(shí)：will do電腦將會(huì)在教育過程中起越來越關(guān)鍵的作用，但是它們絕對(duì)不能在教室中取代老師的地位。

3、Computers will play an increasingly critical role in education, but it is not possible that they could replace teachers in the classroom. 2 語態(tài)問題：主動(dòng)為主，搭配被動(dòng)。常見被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：be doneAm, is, are doneIs being done進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)Have/has been doneWill be donePriorities should be given to education.Priority n.3 詞法問題：名詞：

4、泛指的名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，不加冠詞。不可數(shù)名詞用原型。Students are encouraged to memorize rather than to think. People are under intense pressure and some even suffer from severe depression. 動(dòng)詞： 動(dòng)詞主要分為：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，系動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Be感官動(dòng)詞（seem, feel）Seem reasonable, feel abandonedDo, does, did, Has, have, had, Will, shallCan do形容詞：要注意多樣化，多使用

5、并列形容詞：高分形容詞：331. Pleasant and enjoyable多姿多彩的, 2. boring, exhausting and stressful無聊的，繁重的, 壓力大的3. isolated, unsociable and depressed孤立的，不善于社交的，和抑郁的4. addictive 上癮的5. aggressive 有上進(jìn)心的6. balanced 平衡的7. compatible 兼容的8. complicated 復(fù)雜的9. confident 自信的10. corrupt 腐敗的11. cutting-edge 尖端的12. delicious 美味可口

6、的13. demanding 要求高的14. detrimental 有害的15. eccentric 古怪的16. economical 節(jié)儉的17. enlightened 開明的；文明的18. evil 邪惡的19. exotic 異國(guó)的20. fashionable 時(shí)髦的21. feasible 可行的22. flexible 靈活多樣的23. fruitful 有成效的24. glamorous 富有魅力的25. gorgeous 輝煌的26. humane 人道的27. Be ignorant(of) 無視的；無知的28. impressive 令人印象深刻的29. incomp

7、atible 不和適宜的30. indifferent 冷漠的31. indispensable 不可或缺的32. inexhaustible 取之不盡的33. infectious 傳染性的34. influential 有影響力的35. inhumane 不人道的36. innocent 多管閑事的37. instructive 智力的38. intellectual 智力的39. interpersonal 密切的40. irreparable 不可彌補(bǔ)的41. loyal 忠誠(chéng)的42. luxurious 奢侈的43. mature 成熟的44. misleading 誤導(dǎo)的45. m

8、isrepresented 不如實(shí)敘述的46. money-oriented 向錢看的47. nourishing 有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的48. old-fashioned/out of date 過時(shí)的49. perilous 危險(xiǎn)的50. permissive 寬容的；許可的51. pornographic 色情的52. potential 潛在的53. practical 實(shí)際的；務(wù)實(shí)的54. pressing 緊迫的55. prevailing 占主導(dǎo)地位的；流行的56. professional 專業(yè)的57. prosperous 繁榮昌盛的58. psychological 心理上59. rat

9、ional 理性的60. reverse 相反的61. rewarding 值得的62. ridiculous 荒謬的63. rigid 嚴(yán)格的64. rough 粗略的65. shabby 破舊不堪的66. sheltered 受保護(hù)的67. sociable 好交際的68. sole 唯一的69. stern/strict 嚴(yán)格的70. stressful 有壓力的71. stylish 時(shí)髦的72. superficial 表面現(xiàn)象的73. tempting 吸引人的74. time-honored 久享盛名的75. traditional 傳統(tǒng)的76. typical 典型的77. u

10、nhealthy 不健康的78. unified 同一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的79. unique 獨(dú)特的80. unsociable 不善于社交的81. untimely 不和適宜的82. unwholesome 不健康的83. vexing 令人煩惱的84. vivid 形象的85. vulnerable 易受傷害的86. well-grounded 有充足理由的87. wholesome 健康的副詞：使用副詞是使句子變得生動(dòng)的最簡(jiǎn)單的方式，一定要重點(diǎn)掌握！高分副詞：,Drama n.戲劇initially首先 initial dramatically引人注目地，顯著地 Mainly=primar

11、ily=chiefly=mostly,主要地  properly=appropriately,適度地  increasingly 越來越 understandably 可以理解, overwhelmingly 占絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)地 ,  instantly 快速地,  clearly,  radically 基本上 ,  merely=just=only僅僅，只不過,  unnecessarily 沒必要,  impulsively 沖動(dòng)地,  especially 特別地,尤其地  enti

12、rely =completely=totally, 全部地 partly 部分地merrily 愉快地 happily,  mentally 心理上(psychologically) , academically學(xué)術(shù)上的, physically 生理上,  generally 總的來看,  keenly 急切地,  seemingly 表面上看,  strikingly 明顯地, Utterly=completely,   somewhat=a little,  moderately 溫和地, 

13、 intensely=considerably 大量地,  fiercely=severely 激烈地, superficially 表面上, virtually 實(shí)際上，vexingly 煩人地， greatly=highly 非常，大大地specifically特別地，明確地dramatically顯著地considerably相當(dāng)?shù)?，非常? 句法：1）簡(jiǎn)單句：主流句型，主要結(jié)構(gòu)會(huì)使用就可以了。1 主謂（賓），例如：人們?cè)谶@個(gè)問題上的觀點(diǎn)不一樣。People have different views on this question.Peoples ideas vary/dif

14、fer on this issue.2 主系表，例如：Generation gap is a problem that we are confronted by. Generation gap is now a problem we have to face.The environmental problem is a serious problem in modern society.The argument is convincing.切記：不能出現(xiàn)沒有謂語，或者雙謂語的情況！2）并列句：And, but, orbothand, not onlybut also, neithernor,

15、eitheror主語，謂語，賓語，狀語連接詞放在動(dòng)詞或形容詞的前面主語+謂語not only in terms of A, but more importantly/seriously，in terms of BMost children are spoiled, not only in terms of care and attention, but more seriously, material ways.很多小孩被溺愛，不但在關(guān)心和照顧方面，而且，更嚴(yán)重的是，在物質(zhì)方面。句子 + by either doing A or doing B通過鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生穿精心設(shè)計(jì)的校服或者引導(dǎo)他們參加一些能

16、體現(xiàn)出團(tuán)隊(duì)精神的活動(dòng)，學(xué)生的行為可以得到逐步的改善Students behaviors can be improved by either encouraging students to wear well-designed uniforms or guiding them to participate in activities which reveal the spirit of team work.肥胖癥可以減輕，方法是不但要養(yǎng)成良好的飲食習(xí)慣，而且要多做運(yùn)動(dòng)，比如慢跑，跳繩等等。Obesity can be relieved by not only forming good dieta

17、ry/eating habits, but more importantly taking more exercises, such as jogging and rope skipping.3）復(fù)雜句：賓語從句：表述觀點(diǎn)：認(rèn)為： insist, maintain, hold, suggest, argue,爭(zhēng)論 支持：favor, propose, support, agree, advocate, (be for, be in favor of)反對(duì)：object, oppose v.opposite n(be against)支持觀點(diǎn)： Some people do believe th

18、atSome people are fully convinced thatSome people assert that Some people deem that反對(duì)：Some people argue thatSome people claim thatSome people doubt thatSome people deny that從來看What 引導(dǎo)的What I learnWhat I seeWhat I need主語從句：1. It is suggested in the graph that（indicate, demonstrate, illustrate）It is r

19、eported that/estimated that/proved It is well-known/generally accepted/universally acknowledged2. Whether S +V is a controversial issue.Whether we should make effort to/endeavor to preserve endangered species is Whether we should dodepends on whether S +VWhether we will succeed depends on whether we

20、 persist.3. What we should do is to do.We should protect animals.What we should pay attention to/ emphasize/stress is to doWhat teachers should emphasize is to tell students to practice more.What we are faced with is that What we are confronted by isthe depletion of natural resourcesWhat we should s

21、olve immediately is thatWhat concerns us most isWhat we are concerned with 主語從句：it is It is important/vital/crucial/pivotal/essential/significant( 很重要)It is clear/evident/obvious/manifest/as clear as crystal/quite common（。 很明顯）It is undoubted/undeniable/doubtless （。 毋庸置疑）It is a pity/a shame/It is a

22、 common sense/practice( 這是個(gè)常識(shí))It is well/increasingly/widely/commonly/generally known/recognized/accepted/acknowledged (眾所周知)It is conceivable that 可想而知It is desirable/admirable that 可取的It is advisable that 最好做某事It is probable/possible/likely that 可能的It is imperative that 必要的it is preferable/profita

23、ble thatIt is hazardous/risky/perilous that 危險(xiǎn)的It must be stressed out that 必須要指出It must be admitted that 必須要承認(rèn)It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道It is suggested that 有人建議It is assumed that 有人認(rèn)為It is estimated that 據(jù)估計(jì)It is always the case that 情況總是這樣的It is not always the case that 情況不一定總是這樣的It follows that由此可見

24、，表語從句： is 我的第一個(gè)理由是，學(xué)術(shù)課程經(jīng)歷了時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)而且代表了古老文化的精華。My first reason is that academic courses withstand the test of time and represent the essence of ancient cultures.在教育中使用電腦的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是，他們能夠最大程度上豐富傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)方法。One advantage of the application of computers in education is that they can enrich the traditional teaching

25、methods to a great extent.同位語從句：常用的：Thefact/idea/belief/recognition/suggestion/proposal/attempt/effort thatBe based on the belief that 基于這樣的想法From the above discussion, we can safely draw the conclusion thatThere is no evidence thatDespite the fact that.neglect/ignore/overlook/ lose sight of / be bl

26、ind to/fail to consider the fact that忽視了某個(gè)事實(shí)政府不應(yīng)該忽視這樣的事實(shí)，囚禁罪犯最起碼是對(duì)受害者的安慰。The government should not be blind to the fact that imprisonment of criminals is the comfort to the victims at the very least.大學(xué)生應(yīng)該承擔(dān)全部學(xué)費(fèi)，基于這樣的一種普遍認(rèn)識(shí)，那就是，大學(xué)生通常比沒有學(xué)位的人賺錢多很多。University students should bear total expenses for thei

27、r tuition on the generalization that university students usually earn much more than people without a degree.定語從句：定語從句： 名詞（短定語）人，who,物， which, thatThose who+謂語支持這種觀點(diǎn)的人給出如下理由。Those who favor this view give the following reasons.上網(wǎng)成癮的人總是會(huì)孤立的，不善于社交的，甚至是抑郁的。Those who are addicted to the Internet tend to

28、 be isolated, unsociable or even depressed.主+謂, which （主）+謂父母能集中發(fā)展他們的事業(yè)，這將給孩子們應(yīng)該集中精神發(fā)展事業(yè)，這將會(huì)為他們的孩子帶來更好的生活條件。Parents can focus on their careers, which will bring better life conditions for their children.政府應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)大家乘坐公交車，這將在很大程度上人們多做公交車，并且鼓勵(lì)停車換乘，這將減輕交通方面的壓力。The government should encourage people to take

29、 public transport , which will relieve the pressure on traffic to a great extent.介詞+引導(dǎo)詞， some of which, two of which, few of whom網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶來了很多的實(shí)際好處，其中兩個(gè)值得大家注意。The Internet brings many tangible benefits, two of which deserve most attention.已經(jīng)采取了很多步驟去見減輕交通方面的壓力，很遺憾，這些之中有些無效。Many steps have been taken to rel

30、ieve the pressure on traffic, pitifully some of which are ineffective.很多人每天被廣告浸泡，很少有人想到它的影響。Many people are immersed in(exposed to) advertisements every day, few of whom think of its impacts. 狀語從句：時(shí)間：when, after, before, until, once, whenever原因：because, , foras, since, for the simple reason thatBeca

31、use ofDue to Owing to (由于，因?yàn)?Thanks to (多虧了)on account of=as a result of=thanks to 結(jié)果：, soThus, Therefore,Consequently,Hence, As a result如此。以至于SothatSuchthat(有一個(gè)程度，有一個(gè)結(jié)果).有些小孩總是沉迷上網(wǎng)，因此他們可能會(huì)忽視他們的學(xué)習(xí)。Some children tend to bear so addicted to the Internet that they may tend to ignore their academic stud

32、y. 條件：（如果，只要）If 主謂，主謂原則：主將從現(xiàn)只要，在情況下：as long as on condition thatprovided thatunder the circumstances that政府應(yīng)該探索太空，只要他的財(cái)政不緊張。It is advisable that the gov explore the spaceThe government can explore the space provided that its budget is not tight.學(xué)生可以打工，只要他們能夠平衡學(xué)習(xí)和工作，并且合理安排好自己的時(shí)間。Students can take par

33、t-time jobs provided that they can balance work and study and plan their time properly.讓步（雖然）Though, although,Even if （即使）No matter + what, where, when, how.不可以寫butDespite the fact that雖然這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)看起來有道理雖然這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)看起來很合理，但是它站不住腳。Despite the fact that the view seems reasonable, it does not hold water. Reasonabl

34、e though the view seems, it .非謂語動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)名詞：1. 做主語Surfing the Internet offers a new way for people to relax.2. 做介詞賓語play an important role in doing父母在塑造孩子的性格方面起了重要的作用。Parents play an important role in shaping childrens characters.be addicted to doing 做某事上癮be fascinated by 做某事著迷be obsessed with做某事著迷be acc

35、ustomed to doing習(xí)慣了做某事be tired of doing 厭倦了3. 做動(dòng)詞賓語cannot stand doing 不能忍受做某事cannot bear doing不能忍受做某事Nobody can avoid being influenced by media.不定式：1. 常用表達(dá)It is adj. for somebody to do something. 對(duì)某人來說做某事是。的。It is necessary for children to receive secondary education. 孩子們有必要接受中級(jí)教育。The advanced medic

36、al technology has made it possible for people to live longer than ever possible before. 先進(jìn)的醫(yī)療科技室人們比過去活的更長(zhǎng)成為可能。What we should do is to do我們應(yīng)該做的事情就是去做某事。父母應(yīng)該做的事就是給孩子們適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)。父母應(yīng)該做的事情就是給孩子適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)并且不斷的鼓勵(lì)他們。What parents should do is to give their children proper guidance and encourage them occasionally.The b

37、est way to do sth is to do sth(討論類，解決方案)最好的減輕交通方面的壓力的方法就是鼓勵(lì)人們乘坐公交車。The best way to relieve pressure on traffic is to encourage people to take public transport. 一個(gè)可能的解決方案就是制定合適的法律。A possible solution is to enact proper laws.2. 表示目的： In order to doso as to3固定短語：To make matters worse, To some extent, 分

38、詞：分詞的用法：做時(shí)間/原因/條件/讓步,在主句前面做結(jié)果狀語，在主句后面Seeing her, I smiled.Living on campus, you can benefit a lot.5 加分結(jié)構(gòu)：強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is +強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容who/that+剩余內(nèi)容只有教實(shí)踐技能才能增加學(xué)生在將來工作市場(chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。It is the instruction of practical skills that can increase the students competition in the future job market. 是老年人的孩子們應(yīng)該照顧他們。It is the child

39、ren of the elderly who should take care of them. Do Some people do believe thatIt is the interaction of the two that shapes a persons personality and dictates how that personality develops. It is the result of

40、mere expression of our thoughts that we are able to communicate. We all do know what is right or wrong. It is through respect that each one of us can be recognized as a unique person in the world. 倒裝句：Only 做狀語Sothat倒裝Not onlybut also倒裝Only in this way can traditional culture be preserved.so人類是如此的自私，

41、以至于自然資源已經(jīng)處于耗竭的邊緣。So selfish are human beings that natural resources are at the edge of drying up.2. never/rarely/hardly人們從來沒有，特別是。人，從來沒有意識(shí)到做某事的重要性，直到。never/hardly have people ,+ especially _ , been aware of the importance/seriousness of doing sth until Never有些父母從來沒有意識(shí)到和孩子交流的重要性直到他們的孩子有了不適當(dāng)?shù)男袨椤ardly

42、 have some parents, especially single parents, have been aware of the importance of communicating with their children until their children have mistaken behaviors. improper conducts. 3. On no account/under no circumstance/in no case 絕不On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我們絕對(duì)不能忽略知識(shí)的價(jià)值。我們絕對(duì)不應(yīng)該拆除那些有美學(xué)價(jià)值和代表國(guó)家傳統(tǒng)的建筑物。On no account/under no conditions can we demolish buildings that have aesthetic value and represents national traditions. 虛擬語氣：If 主語+過去式， 主語+would doIf 主語+had done, 主語+would have done 凡是和建議命令請(qǐng)求相關(guān)的詞匯+從句時(shí)用should do 結(jié)構(gòu)分詞結(jié)構(gòu)：These misc