2018廣州市一模英語

1、 秘密啟用前 試卷類型: A 2018年廣州市普通高中業(yè)班綜合測試（一） 英語 2018.3 本試卷10頁,滿分120分，考試用時120分鐘。 注意事項： 1.本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和和第卷(非選擇題)兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(A)填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。用2B鉛筆在“考生號”處填涂考生號信息點，修改時須用橡皮擦干凈。因筆試不考聽力，第I卷從第二部分的“閱讀理解”開始,試題題序號從“21”開始。 2.作答第I卷時,選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆在答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項的答案信息點涂黑；如需要改動，用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答

2、案。答案不能答在試卷上。 3.第卷必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案,然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液不按以上要求作答無效。 4.考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將試卷和答題卡一并并交回。 第I卷 第二部分閬讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分) 第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分) 閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。 A It's no secret that your personal characteristics directly affect how you in

3、teract with the world-but you might be surprised at just how deep it goes. Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you. Highly Sensitive Highly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sport

4、s where they feel their every move is being observed. Additionally, they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout, says researcher Elaine Aron. For such people, individual or non- competitive activities like biking, running and hiking are ideal. Type A Personality Type A individuals o

5、ften have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise. This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention being super competitive. However, this can cause them to stick too closely to a fitness routine, which means they might try to push past an injury. To get better exer

6、cise results, Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress. They should be more flexible and listen to their body, especially when they are in pain. Type B Personality This laid-back group may get too lazy about their exercise plan, which preve

7、nts them from seeing results. They are often less willing to devote enough time and energy to their fitness goals, especially if exercise is something that makes them anxious Type B individuals succeed in creative and co-operative environments, so team sports and group gym classes may be perfect. Re

8、member, there are plenty of ways you can adapt a fitness plan to suit your needs, regardless of your characteristics. Just keep in mind what you like. 21. Why might highly sensitive people be unwilling to take part in group sports? A. They will feel like they are being evaluated. B. They don't l

9、ike socialising with other people. C. They don't consider themselves to be athletic. D. They fear they'll be let down by their teammates. 22. Type A personalities can be best described as A. committed B flexible C independent D. sensitive 23. What is the purpose of the text? A. To help peopl

10、e understand what personality type they are B. To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habits C. To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exercise D. To describe different types of workouts that are available today B At first sight, Alma Deutscher, a twelve-year-old girl fr

11、om England appears to be like any other typical pre-teen. She loves to skip rope, read and play with her younger sister. But this modest youngster, who composed her first musical work at age six, first short opera at age seven, and first full-length opera based on Cinderella at age ten, is anything

12、but average. Though her parents downplay her extraordinary talent, young Alma is being described as “l(fā)ittle Mozart” by the music world Alma's operatic take on the classic fairy tale, which she began writing at age eight, has a slight twist. Her Cinderella is a musician who meets her Prince Charm

13、ing through a song. “In my Cinderella, she sings the beginning of a ballad - but at midnight she flees. Eventually, the prince finds her after asking all the maidens of the land to sing the end of the ballad.” The opera was first performed in Vienna, Australia on December 29, 2016, where the then el

14、even-year-old skillfully switched between the piano and the violin and receives enthusiastic reviews. The young genius has since performed two new piano works, once in Australia and the other in China. While this may appear to be a lot for someone so young, Alma is not worried. She says, “Of course

15、I have to work hard. But all children have to work hard for exams, and at least when I work hard, I work hard for something incredibly exciting, like seeing my whole opera put on stage. Alma's musical talent first came to light before she could even talk. Her parents recall that as an 18-month-o

16、ld toddler, she was able to hum a pitch perfect version of the children's rhyme Twinkle Twinkle Little Star. However, Alma's abilities only gained international attention in 2012, after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart. The family was suddenly swamped with media

17、requested and Alma became an overnight star, dubbed “l(fā)ittle Mozart”. This nickname makes her parents unhappy because they believe it puts added pressure on the young girl. They would instead prefer her to be called “a composer and musician”. Alma does not want to be compared to the famous artist eit

18、her, saying, “There was only one Mozart, and I prefer to be little Alma.” Regardless of what she calls herself, the twelve-year-old is changing the world of music forever! 24. What do we know about Alma Deutscher? A. She comes from a famous musical family. B. She has shown great musical talent from

19、a young age. C. She regularly performs the classical music of Mozart. D. She has adapted some famous works of classical music. 25. How did Alma get to be widely known? A. Through an online video B. By performing on television C. By putting on an opera D. Through her parents' promotion 26. What i

20、s Alma's attitude towards her success? A. She is still unsatisfied with her performance. B. She is uncomfortable with so much pressure. C. She is modest about her musical achievements D. She is proud to have become a professional musician. 27. What can we infer about Alma's parents? A. They

21、are very well-educated people. B. They are protective of their daughter. C. They have pushed Alma to take up music. D. They have made a good life plan for Alma. C The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary, we sti

22、ll view technological change today as being more rapid and dramatic in its consequences for work than ever before. But this is nothing new. People have always viewed the technological changes that take place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history. In the

23、1930s, the British economist(經(jīng)濟學(xué)家) John Maynard Keynes predicted the widespread use of electricity would produce a world where people spend most of their time doing nothing. In the United States during the 1960s, the government repeatedly investigates fears that automatic machines would permanently

24、reduce the amount of work available. In 1988, one Australian historian claimed that at least a quarter of the workforce would be without jobs within 10 years because of computers. Of course, none of these disasters came to pass in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia, or anywhere else

25、. Yet today, we are seeing the return of these predictions, with some experts claiming the world of work is once more undergoing radical and unprecedented change. They argue that robots and other workplace technologies are causing a reduction in the total amount of work available, or are bringing a

26、more rapid pace of substitution of machines for humans than has been seen previously. But there is a little evidence to support such beliefs. Statistics show that the percentage of people in work, the number of hours they work, and how frequently they change jobs have remained remarkably constant ov

27、er the past 20 years. This stability should not come as a surprise. There are good reasons why we should not expect new technologies to cause the death of work. New technologies always cause job losses, but that is only part of the story. What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amo

28、unt of work available. One way this happens is through the increases in incomes that accompany the use of new technologies. With the introduction of these technologies, good and services can be produced faster, which results in higher real incomes for workers. Higher incomes then increase demand for

29、 other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them. Additionally, while new technologies are likely to substitute for some types of workers, they will also increase demand for other types of workers, especially those with higher level skills and expertise. So, the end of work is n

30、o closer today than at any time in the past. But there is still a need to keep disproving the prediction, to reduce people's fears. 28. What is the function of the second paragraph? A. To explain the importance of developing new technology. B. To show how technology affected employment in the pa

31、st. C. To argue that technological dangers are becoming more serious. D. To give historical examples of unnecessary fear about new technology. 29. How can employment statistics over the past 20 years best be described? A. Confusing B. Reliable C. Stable D. Variable 30. According to paragraph 7, why

32、does demand for products often increase after new technology is introduced? A. There are more goods for people to choose from. B. There is more demand for new skills in the economy. C. Productivity improvements help raise workers' salaries. D. Higher quality goods at lower prices encourage consu

33、mption. 31. What is the author's opinion about the introduction of new technology? A. It does not have an effect on most people's jobs. B. Its benefits are usually not worth the introduction. C. It usually leads to a significant increase in employment. D. Its danger to peoples employment pos

34、sibilities is overstated. D Supermarket shelves are filled with plant-based alternatives to cow milk, including soy, nut, and coconut milk. These products are popular with consumers who cannot drink cows' milk for health reasons, as well as with those concerned about animal welfare and environme

35、ntal sustainability. While the dairy-free(非乳制的) options work well with cereal or in coffee, they fail miserably when it comes to making milk-based products like cheese or yogurt. However, these shortcomings may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to a new company in California, which has figured out

36、 how to create animal-free milk in a laboratory! Perumal Gandhi and Ryan Pandya founded the company in 2014 after becoming increasingly annoyed with the lack of cows' milk-free alternatives, particularly for cheese. For Gandhi, who stopped consuming animal products five years earlier due to envi

37、ronmental and animal welfare concerns, the motivation to create a better alternative stemmed from his love of cheesy pizza. Pandya was spurred into taking action after being forced to eat some “really bad” dairy-free cream cheese on his sandwich The two MIT biomedical engineering scientists decided

38、to join forces to create a more realistic alternative to dairy-based products. In their university lab, the pair spent nine months first isolating cow DNA then inserting it into yeast(酵母). This genetic modification enabled the yeast to produce the necessary milk proteins. The final step of the proce

39、ss involved mixing the proteins with some plant nutrients and fats. The dairy-free milk not only tastes like the real thing but is also healthier, has a longer shelf life and, most important of all, is Earth friendly. According to the company's website, when compared to conventional milk product

40、ion, their process uses 65% less energy, creates 84%o less greenhouse gas emissions and requires 91% less land and an amazing 98% less water! Best of all, since it contains real milk proteins, the product behaves like the cow-produced version, which means vegetarian consumers will no longer have to

41、deal with soggy cheese on their sandwiches and pizzas. The company plans to bring their creation to market later this year and their first product will most likely be cheese since there are already numerous good cows' milk alternatives available to consumers. 32. The underlined word those in par

42、agraph 1 refers to_. A. alternatives B. people C. products D. reasons 33. The company s founders were motivated to make the new product because of_. A. their deep concern for the environment B. their worry that farm animals were poorly treated C the over-consumption of the dairy-based products D. th

43、e poor taste of dairy-free cheese presently available 34. What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A. The dairy-free products cannot be stored for a long time. B. The new products will taste better than dairy-based ones. C. Cow farming causes considerable environmental damage. D. The dairy-free milk w

44、ill be more expensive than cow's milk. 35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Healthier Cheese B. New Milk Saves Planet C. Fresher Milk, Better Future D. Making Milk without Cows 第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Imagine that you are in a

45、remote village somewhere with no medical clinic. 36 Once the doctors get to you, they examine you and take blood samples, but they won't be able to help you until they take the samples back to the hospital to find out what is wrong. 37 Thanks to engineer Andy Ozcan, many people may never be in t

46、his situation. He has invented an app that turns your mobile phone into a diagnostic(診斷的)tool. Ozcan's invention is important because it is very accurate and easy to use. In many remote places, even if doctors have microscopes and other instruments to help them make diagnoses, there may still be

47、 other problems. Many doctors, for example, don't have enough training to correctly interpret what they see. 38 With Ozcan's mobile phone app, health workers can take a special photo of a blood sample and send it to a central computer at a hospital. The computer will then automatically inter

48、pret the photo and send a diagnosis back in a few minutes. 39 His technology only requires a mobile phone and an Internet connection. As more than four billion people already have cell phones, the cost of establishing the diagnostic system is fairly low. By inventing a medical tool that uses existin

49、g technology-mobile phones-Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effectively almost anywhere. 40 A. Another reason that Ozcan's invention is important is that it is inexpensive. B. Even though you may only have a simple infection (感染), you

50、 might die because of the delay. C. People are trying to reduce the cost of this new medical tool. D. Ozcan's simple, cost-effective tool might just save millions of lives around the world. E. This tool has become much more popular all around the world. F. You become very sick and must wait days

51、 until a mobile medical unit arrives to help. G. As a result, they may diagnose illnesses incorrectly. 第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分) 第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) 閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 One of' my teammates said it best on our last day of the season: “Guys, you are my famil

52、y. We are all brothers.” Our tennis team is more than just a group of individual players thrown 41 ; there is a friendship 42 by no other group with which I have been involved. We are 43 , yet connected. We have student-athletes from all four years of high school, from different parts of the city, a

53、nd from different families and social 44 . Nevertheless, we are all 45 by a shared love of tennis. The tennis team 46 to me because it contains two things that I treasure most: tennis and 47 . Ever since I was ten years old, the 48 aspect of tennis attracted me to an otherwise physical sport. My fir

54、st tennis coach always used to say, “Tennis is 10% physical and 90% of mental.” 49 the mental strength to stay 50 and controlled under pressure, skills are 51 . Sometimes I feel like I have two 52 in a match: me against the person on the other side of the net, and me against the person inside my hea

55、d, telling me to hit a better shot. However, despite the 53 pressures of tennis, the brotherhood 54 by working together as a team helps spread the _ 55 of the pressure over an entire group. We 56 each other on and off the court. We do this because we have become a/an 57 away from home. I play my bes

56、t tennis when I have my teams full support, 58 in the knowledge that they are always backing me 59 . I know that each one of us puts everything we have into every 60 whether we are playing or cheering. 41. A. around B. back C. forward D. together 42. A. earned B. followed C. matched D. noticed 43. A

57、. courageous B. diverse C. motivated D. skillful 44. A. activities B. backgrounds C. responsibilities D services 45. A. disturbed B. sponsored C. trained D. united 46. A. continues B. returns C. matters D. occurs 47. A. brotherhood B. childhood C. entertainment D society 48. A. physical B. environmental C mental D. technical 49. A. According to B. Beyond C. In spite of D. Without 50. A. active B. calm C hopeful D. silent 51. A. contradictory B. difficult C. useless D powerful 52. A. opponents B. friends C. goals D. risks 5