表語從句教學(xué)課件

1、表語從句GrammarNoun clauses as the object and predicative 名詞性從句名詞性從句 賓語賓語 表語表語Unit3 The Million Pound Bank Note表語從句一、表語從句的定義：一、表語從句的定義： 表語從句放在連系動詞之后，充當(dāng)表語從句放在連系動詞之后，充當(dāng)復(fù)合句中的表語。復(fù)合句中的表語。The question is who will do it.The question is who will do it. 系動詞系動詞表語從句表語從句表語從句二、表語從句的構(gòu)成：二、表語從句的構(gòu)成： （系動詞系動詞）+ 引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞+簡單句

2、簡單句 What I want to say is that I am tired.引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞表語從句表語從句表語從句My decision is that all of us should go there.The problem is that we have no moneyThis is where our problem liesTomorrow is when it would be the most convenient.Thats because he did not study hardThat is why I hate studying today.The reason

3、 why I study hard is that I want to go to a key university. China is no longer what she used to be.The question remains whether they will be able to help us.It seemed as if I couldnt think of the right word. 表語從句由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 that 引導(dǎo)的表語從句引導(dǎo)的表語從句由連接代詞由連接代詞 Who, whom, whose, which, what 和連接副詞和連接副詞 where,

4、 how, why, when, because引導(dǎo)的表語從句引導(dǎo)的表語從句由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 whether引導(dǎo)的表語從句引導(dǎo)的表語從句由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 as if/as though 引導(dǎo)的表語從句引導(dǎo)的表語從句表語從句表語從句系動詞后面系動詞后面1. The truth is that he has never been to the countryside.2. The question is whether we can finish the experiment by Friday.3. It looks as if it were going to rain. 實(shí)際情況是他

5、從未去過農(nóng)村實(shí)際情況是他從未去過農(nóng)村that 一般不省略一般不省略表語從句只用表語從句只用whether問題在于我們能否在明天下午之前完成這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)問題在于我們能否在明天下午之前完成這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn). 好象看上去要下雨似的好象看上去要下雨似的. (其實(shí)不會其實(shí)不會)as if /as though從句常表示不真實(shí)的情況從句常表示不真實(shí)的情況She talked as if /as though she had been there before . 她說話的口氣好象以前去過那兒似的她說話的口氣好象以前去過那兒似的. 表語從句as if/as though 引導(dǎo)的表語從句中的虛擬語氣引導(dǎo)的表語從句中的虛擬

6、語氣as if/as though引導(dǎo)的表語從句可用虛擬語氣，引導(dǎo)的表語從句可用虛擬語氣，常用的系動詞有常用的系動詞有l(wèi)ook，seem，taste，smell，sound等。等。It seems as though the meeting would never end.She feels as if Harriet were a member of her own family. It seemed as if the accident had happened yesterday.(其實(shí)不是在昨天其實(shí)不是在昨天)(其實(shí)不是其實(shí)不是)(其實(shí)不是其實(shí)不是)表語從句注意：注意： 在在asif,

7、asthough等引導(dǎo)表語從句中等引導(dǎo)表語從句中,表示與事實(shí)相一表示與事實(shí)相一致時致時,要用陳述語氣。要用陳述語氣。 如：如：Itlooksasifwellbelate. 看起來我們似乎要遲到了。看起來我們似乎要遲到了。 Thismeattastesasifithasalreadygonebad. 這肉吃起來似乎已經(jīng)壞了。這肉吃起來似乎已經(jīng)壞了。精典名題精典名題 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. (NMET 95) A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D.

8、 had been broken 表語從句引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞that 在表在表“建議，勸說，命令建議，勸說，命令”的名詞的名詞advice，suggestion，order，proposal，request, plan，idea 等后面的表語從句中，謂語動詞用虛擬語等后面的表語從句中，謂語動詞用虛擬語氣氣“should + 動詞原形動詞原形My opinion is that its getting better and better.The fact was that he didnt really try. My suggestion is that we (should) tell him.

9、1) My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.表語從句because，why引導(dǎo)的表語從句引導(dǎo)的表語從句那是因?yàn)樗焕斫馕?。那是因?yàn)樗焕斫馕?。Thats because he didnt understand me.那就是他不理解我的原因。那就是他不理解我的原因。Thats why he didnt understand me.填空填空: The reason why we didnt trust him is _ he has often liedreason 做主語時，做主語時，表語表語從句只能用從句只能用that引導(dǎo)

10、引導(dǎo), 不能不能用用why 引導(dǎo)。句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：引導(dǎo)。句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：thatThats because強(qiáng)調(diào)原因強(qiáng)調(diào)原因Thats why強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果The reason (why/for)is /was that.The reason is that表語從句注意下列表語從句中注意下列表語從句中where, how, why 的譯法的譯法 This is _Lu Xun once lived. That was _ they won the match. This is _ she got up so early this morning.這就是魯迅曾經(jīng)住過的地方這就是魯迅曾經(jīng)住過的地方. 他們

11、就是這樣贏得這場比賽的他們就是這樣贏得這場比賽的. 這就是她為什么今天早上起得這么早的原因這就是她為什么今天早上起得這么早的原因.This is where This is why This is how.這就是這就是的地方的地方這就是這就是的原因的原因這就是這就是的方法的方法wherehowwhy表語從句5. as 像像一樣一樣It is just as you like.Things are not always as they seem to be.事情并不總是像表面上的那樣。事情并不總是像表面上的那樣。 表語從句that/what的區(qū)別的區(qū)別1_your father wants to

12、 know is_ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are2. The trouble is_we are short of tools. A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there wherePractice:

13、 表語從句1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left it where B. there C. there where D. where there表語從句4The problem is _to tak

14、e the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is_I missed the bus. A. that B. when C. why D. what表語從句7. That is _ _ we were late last time. A. that B. when

15、 C. why D. what8. She looked _ she were ten years younger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9.I fell sick!-I think it is _ you are doing too much. A. why B. when C. what D. because 表語從句10. The reason why he hasnt come is _. because his mother is ill because of his mothers being illC. that his mother

16、 is ill D. for his mother is ill11. He was born here.- That is _ he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why表語從句12. -See the flags on top of the building? -That was _ we did this morning AwhenBwhichCwhereDwhat 表語從句13.-What di

17、d your parents think about your decision? -They always let me do_ I think I should Awhen Bthat Chow Dwhat 14.These shoes look very good. I wonder_ Ahow much cost they ale Bhow much do they cost Chow much they cost Dhow much are they cost 表語從句15_team wins on Saturday will go through to the national c

18、hampionships ANo matter what BNo matter whichCWhateverDWhichever 16_makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services AWhatBWho CWhatever DWhoever 表語從句賓語從句賓語從句表語從句如何區(qū)分賓語從句？ They know the teacher. 主語 謂語 賓語 They know the teacher is a man . 主語 謂語 賓語從句 句子做賓語就是賓語從句。表語從句 We wonder how we

19、shall do . Could you tell me where they are? We believe that they have finished their task, havent we ? 4. I am sorry that I didnt know you want to join the Party.找出下列句中的賓語從句表語從句課程內(nèi)容1.時態(tài)2.引導(dǎo)詞3. thatthat不可省略的情況不可省略的情況4.否定前移5.it做形式賓語6. if if 和和WhetherWhether的區(qū)別的區(qū)別7.7.運(yùn)用虛擬語氣的情況運(yùn)用虛擬語氣的情況8.8.語序語序9.9.賓語從句

20、專項(xiàng)練習(xí)賓語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)表語從句時態(tài)時態(tài)賓語從句的時態(tài)受主句的限制，賓語從句的時態(tài)受主句的限制， 既：主句是一般現(xiàn)在時既：主句是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。態(tài)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。 主句是一般過去時態(tài)，從句用相應(yīng)的過去的時態(tài)。如果主句是一般過去時態(tài)，從句用相應(yīng)的過去的時態(tài)。如果從句的動作發(fā)生在主句之前，則從句要用過去從句的動作發(fā)生在主句之前，則從句要用過去完成時完成時態(tài)態(tài)。 例例: She says that she will fly to Japan in a week. She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 如果賓語從句說

21、的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象或事實(shí)時，如果賓語從句說的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象或事實(shí)時，這時賓語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)這時賓語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài) 例：例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. He told me that Japan is an island country. 表語從句由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由連接代詞由連接代詞 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和連接副詞和連接副詞 where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 whether

22、, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（一）引導(dǎo)詞1 12 23 3表語從句引導(dǎo)詞A. 由由that 引導(dǎo)的陳述句性的賓語從句，在很多動詞如引導(dǎo)的陳述句性的賓語從句，在很多動詞如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等動詞后。連詞等動詞后。連詞that只起連接作用，在從句中不只起連接作用，在從句中不做句子的成分，也無詞匯意義，在口語中常被省略，但在大多數(shù)情況下還是以不省做句子的成分，也無詞匯意義，在口語中常被省略，但在大多數(shù)情況下還是以不省為好，特別是在筆試中。為好，特別是在筆試中。 例：例：I tol

23、d him that he was wrong. B. 由由 連詞連詞if、 whether 引導(dǎo)的表示引導(dǎo)的表示“是否是否”的賓語從句。的賓語從句。Whether,if 在從句中不做在從句中不做句子的成分，一般情況下，句子的成分，一般情況下，whether和和if 可以替換?？梢蕴鎿Q。 例：例：I dont know if/whether he will come tomorrow. The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment. C. 由由wh-引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 連接代詞連接代詞who, whom,w

24、hose, what, which, 連接副詞連接副詞when, where, why, how 等連接的賓語從句，它們在句中即有連接從句的等連接的賓語從句，它們在句中即有連接從句的作用，又在句中充當(dāng)句子的成分。作用，又在句中充當(dāng)句子的成分。 例：例：Do you know which film they are talking about? (which做定語做定語) I dont know where he lives. (where 做地點(diǎn)狀語做地點(diǎn)狀語) 表語從句thatthat不可省略的情況不可省略的情況 賓語從句賓語從句that?？墒÷?，但在以下情況下不能省略?？墒÷?，但在以下情況

25、下不能省略 A當(dāng)主句謂語動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時 可以省略第一個that，其他不能省略。 e gI believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better B當(dāng)it作形式賓語時（常用在 think find make consider之后） e gShe made it clear that she had nothing to do with him C當(dāng)賓語從句前置時 egThat our team will win，I believe 表語從句否定前移否定前移 在在think, believe, s

26、uppose, expect等動詞引起的賓語從等動詞引起的賓語從句中，有時謂語盡管是否定意義，卻不用否定形式，而將句中，有時謂語盡管是否定意義，卻不用否定形式，而將think 等動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问?。等動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问健?例：例：I dont think you are right. (我認(rèn)為你做的不對我認(rèn)為你做的不對) 表語從句it it做形式賓語做形式賓語 1.在許多帶有復(fù)合賓語的句子中，在許多帶有復(fù)合賓語的句子中，that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句經(jīng)常移到引導(dǎo)的賓語從句經(jīng)常移到句子的后面，而用句子的后面，而用it做形式賓語。（做形式賓語。（think. find make .consider之后） 動詞

27、動詞+it +形容詞或慣用搭配形容詞或慣用搭配+ that從句從句+ 其他其他 例：例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我認(rèn)為他向每一個人撒謊是錯誤的我認(rèn)為他向每一個人撒謊是錯誤的) 2.有些動詞如有些動詞如like, dislike, hate, enjoy, appreciate; see to, depend on, rely on ,have, take等，其后的賓語從句通常也用等，其后的賓語從句通常也用it作形式主語。作形式主語。 I hate it when someone speaks to me with hi

28、s mouth full.表語從句if if 和和WhetherWhether的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 在介詞后面的賓語從句中不用在介詞后面的賓語從句中不用if引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) 例：例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money。 賓語從句中有賓語從句中有or not時不用時不用if引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo). 例：例：I dont know whether the movie star will come or not. 和不定式連用作賓語時不用和不定式連用作賓語時不用if引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo). 例：例：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided. 表語從句運(yùn)用虛擬語氣的情況運(yùn)用虛擬語氣的情況 在表示：在表示： 建議建議 suggest 、advise、propose; 要求要求demand 、desire、request； 決定決定 decide; 命令命令 order、command、require; 堅(jiān)決主張堅(jiān)決主張 insist; 等動詞后跟賓語從句，用（等動詞后跟賓語從句，用（should）+v（虛擬語氣虛擬語氣） e g I suggested that you（should）study hard He ordered that we should go ou