英語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx英語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用【精品文檔】英語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞的應(yīng)用引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有：that ,who ,whom ,whose ,which , as等。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中有三個(gè)作用：1. 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句；2.在從句中代替先行詞；3.在從句中擔(dān)任某一句子成份。因此，學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句，正確選用關(guān)系詞至關(guān)重要。1 先行詞是人時(shí)的三種情況：1）先行詞是人，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)時(shí)，用who或that作從句的主語(yǔ)。I have a friend who/that likes listening to classic music.我有一個(gè)朋友喜歡聽(tīng)古典音樂(lè)。注：1) 當(dāng)先行詞是one, one

2、s, anybody , anyone, all, none, those 等，指人時(shí)一般用who，不用that.Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.想去看電影的人必須在校門(mén)口等。Notes: 在以疑問(wèn)詞who開(kāi)頭的句子中，或關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，用that，不用who。Who is the man that is shouting there?正在那邊叫喊的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)？She is not the girl that she used to be.她已經(jīng)不是過(guò)去的她了

3、。2）先行詞是人，從句中缺動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用whom或that（介詞后不用that）。The teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom he borrowed it.這位老師想把從這個(gè)女孩那兒借的書(shū)還給她。He is the student(whom, who ,that) you want to see.他就是你想見(jiàn)的那位學(xué)生。注：關(guān)系代詞that, which ,whom 在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略掉。但放在介詞后面時(shí)則不可省略。如上面第一句from后面的whom就不能省略。3)先行詞是人，從句中缺少定語(yǔ)時(shí)，用whose

4、。Do you know the boy whose parents are on holiday?2. 先行詞是物時(shí)的三種情況：1）先行詞是物，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)時(shí)，用that，which。Youd better not drink water which /that has not been boiled. 你最好不要喝沒(méi)開(kāi)的水。2）先行詞是物，從句中缺少動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用which或 that。注意介詞后不用that。This is the house in which once Lu Xun lived.This is the house (which/that )once Lu X

5、un lived in.這就是魯迅曾經(jīng)住過(guò)的房子。3）先行詞是物，且從句中缺少定語(yǔ)時(shí)，用whose或the+名詞+of which 的結(jié)構(gòu)。We study in the classroom whose door (=the door of which )faces south.我們?cè)谀莻€(gè)門(mén)朝南開(kāi)的教室里學(xué)習(xí)。3.下列情況下，只用that，不用which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。1）先行詞是不定代詞，如all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing, none, no one, some 等。Is there anything that you

6、want?2）先行詞被all，every, no, some, little, few, much, one of , the only, the very, the right, 等所修飾時(shí)。The only thing that he remembered was her name.他唯一記得的東西是她的名字。3）先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。This is the first film that Ive seen since I came here.這是我來(lái)到這里以來(lái)看的第一部電影劇院。4）先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)。They talked about the teachers an

7、d the things（that） they remembered in the school. 他們談?wù)摿怂麄兯浀玫膶W(xué)校里的老師和一些事情。4 關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句，as用作關(guān)系代詞，既可指人，也可指物。在定語(yǔ)從句中可做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。它常用在the sameas,suchas, asas , soas 句型中，as不可省略。 Such girls as he knew were teachers.他認(rèn)識(shí)的女孩都是老師。Such teachers as know Tom think him bright.認(rèn)識(shí)湯姆的老師都認(rèn)為他很聰明。I will buy the same bike as you.我要買(mǎi)和你一樣的自行車。若與the same(指同一物)連用，構(gòu)成the same.that.結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that。This is the same museum that you once vis