模塊六第二單元語(yǔ)法導(dǎo)學(xué)案

1、模塊六第二單元語(yǔ)法：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞導(dǎo)學(xué)案Step 1 Revision(填空題)（1）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有_、_、_等三種形式，而分詞又分為 _和_. (2)現(xiàn)在分詞 doing : 有_（被動(dòng)式） ; _（完成式）; (完成被動(dòng)式）_ (3)不定式 to do : 有_ （被動(dòng)式）; _（完成式）; _（進(jìn)行式） (4)動(dòng)名詞 doing : 有_（完成式）; _（被動(dòng)式）Step 2 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的功能。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)名詞，不定式作主語(yǔ)注意點(diǎn)1：不定式和動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。 注意點(diǎn)2：注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。 注意點(diǎn)3：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)，為了保持句子平衡，it做形式主語(yǔ)的情況。e.g. To say is

2、one thing; to do is another.Seeing is believing. 注意；it 作形式主語(yǔ)1.小孩在河里游泳很危險(xiǎn)。Its dangerous _.2.你很明智做出了這個(gè)決定。It is wise _.3. It is no use crying over spilt milk.2.動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)做主語(yǔ)John 贏得了第一名是我們很驚訝。 _ winning the first prize surprised us.= Were surprised at _二、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做表語(yǔ)e.g. 我要做的事就是等。 What I have to do is _ His ar

3、gument is very _.(令人信服的) They are very _at the news.（興奮的）我的工作是教書(shū)。 _三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)1.不定式作賓語(yǔ)1. (2005天津卷) I dont want _like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the manager' s plan is unfair. A. to sound      B. to be sounded   C. sounding      

4、; D. to have sounded2. (2006北京卷) I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _ talking while she works. A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stopA. 有些及物動(dòng)詞常用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有_.B have no choice but to do= have nothing to do but do=can do nothing bu

5、t do(有do無(wú)2 / 6to)C. 常跟疑問(wèn)詞+不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞: 我不知道下一步該干什么了。I dont know_2. 動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+ doing ：_介詞+ doing ：_他從沒(méi)夢(mèng)想過(guò)有這樣一次出國(guó)的機(jī)會(huì)。He has never dreamt of _3. 用it作形式賓語(yǔ) 如： S + think / feel / believe/ consider 等 + it + adj + to do 他覺(jué)得很難完成這個(gè)任務(wù)。=_4. 在一些動(dòng)詞后既可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，也可接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但意義上有區(qū)別：Forget/mean、5.動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)的省略1）承前省略，承后省略e.

6、g.The speaker covered more than he planned to. Though I didnt want to, I was persuaded to go there.-Are you a doctor? -No, but I want _.2) 在had better, would rather,would rather thancannot but, may /might as well + dodo nothing but/except 等結(jié)構(gòu)中四、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)1.不定式作賓補(bǔ)1）.動(dòng)詞/ 動(dòng)詞詞組 + sb + to do2) 不帶to的不定式：（主動(dòng)

7、不帶to，被動(dòng)還原to）2. 分詞作賓補(bǔ) see, hear, smell, feel, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to, 等表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞及 catch， find ，現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)同時(shí)發(fā)生或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。注意區(qū)分不定式做賓補(bǔ)和過(guò)去分詞做賓補(bǔ)see + sb + do see + sb + doingsee + sth + being done see + sth + done have, keep, get, set, send, leave 等表示“致使”等意義的動(dòng)詞Leave sb doing leave sth undon

8、e, unfinished, unsettled, untouched 等 have sth done = get sth done have sb doing get sb doing have sb do get sb to do3.用不定式作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)Sb. be said/ believed/known/reported/ found +to do/to be doing/to have done五、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)1. 動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表用途; walking stick; swimming pool2.不定式作定語(yǔ)的幾種情況;-Do you have anything more

9、_,sir(type)?-No, you can have a rest or do something else. Charles Lindbergh is the first man _the Atlantic alone.(fly)There is nothing to_ (worry)3. 分詞作定語(yǔ)與不定式作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別1） Have you read the novel _(write) by Dickens?2).Listen! The song _ (sing)is very popular with students.3).The question _ (discuss) at

10、 tomorrows meeting is very important.不定式做定語(yǔ)表達(dá)的含義是動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來(lái)。 動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)表示的是功能或用途。 現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)表示的是主動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行 過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)表示的被動(dòng)和完成。Step 4 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)(新授課)1.不定式可做目的狀語(yǔ)， 但分詞不可以。但是作目的狀語(yǔ)常出現(xiàn)in order to do, so as to do, in an effort to do, in an attempt to do 等復(fù)合形式。He gets up early so as to catch the early bus.不定式可在某些表示喜怒哀樂(lè)形容詞后做原

11、因狀語(yǔ)。如：Im glad to see you.Im sorry to hear that.不定式和分詞均可做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)， 但不定式表意料之外的結(jié)果，二分詞表示意料之中的結(jié)果。如：He dropped the glass, ( only) to find it was all right.He dropped the glass, finding it was broken.2.分詞可以做原因， 時(shí)間， 條件，讓步， 伴隨等狀語(yǔ)。（1）.Seen from the hill, the city is more beautiful.（2）. Heated , water will boil.（3

12、）. Getting there, we found the door open.（4）. Being ill, he was sent to hospital by his classmate （5）. Broken by Jim, the cup couldn't be used.3.分詞可與連詞連用，常用的連詞有when, while, after, before, if , though, whether, unless, once, as if等。（1）Even if invited, I wont go to his wedding.（2）Though beaten by

13、the opposite team, they didnt lose heart.4，獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)不定式作插入語(yǔ)的固定結(jié)構(gòu)To sum up; to conclude; to summarize; To tell you the truth; to be frank; to begin/start with ; to make matters/things worse 分詞作插入語(yǔ)的固定結(jié)構(gòu)Strictly / generally speaking; Judging from; providing; supposing / suppose; taking all things into co

14、nsideration; considering; talking of (speaking of) all things considered; Provided; Taken as a wh5.獨(dú)立主格作狀語(yǔ)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)一般邏輯主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)保持一致，但不一致時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)則不可以省略。 Time permitting,we will go out for a picnic. Fall having come,the birds have gone to the south for warmth.注意點(diǎn)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)解題步驟，先判斷非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和邏輯主語(yǔ)的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系，然后判斷

15、與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的先后關(guān)系。鞏固練習(xí)：1（2008陜西）_ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. A. Having shown B.To be shown C. Having been shownD. To show2.(2007北京)He is a student at Oxford University, _ for a degree in computer science. A. studiedB.studying C.to have studie

16、dD.to be studying3.(2006陜西)He hurried to the booking office, only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. A.to be toldB.to tell C.toldD.telling4.(2006陜西)Faced with a bill for $10,000, _ . A.an extra job has been given to John B.the boss has given Jonh an extra job C.an extra job has been taken D.J

17、ohn has taken an extra job.5(2004廣東)_the programme, they have to stay there for anoyher two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not complete6.（2008陜西）_ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. A. Having shown B.To be shown C. Having been shownD. To show7.(2005全國(guó))” You cant catch me! “ Janet shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran8.Before_white,The door should be cleaned. A. painting B. painted C. being painted D. hav