高考英語一輪復習 每日一題第14周限制性與非限制性定語從句含解析

1、限制性與非限制性定語從句高考頻度： 難易程度： 1.（2017·新課標卷i·語法填空）like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.【答案】 which2.（2017·新課標卷ii·短文改錯）in their spare time, they are interesting（改為interested） in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of

2、 their house.【答案】 which【解析】非限制性定語從句需要用which引導，故將that改為which。3. （2017·新課標卷iii·語法填空）but sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.【答案】 who【解析】考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知， 64 has taken part in shows along with top models是非限制性定語從句

3、，非限制性定語從句中缺少主語，且先行詞為sarah，指人，要用who?！緫嚤貍洹糠窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句是對意義已經非常明確的先行詞給予補充、說明，刪去非限制性定語從句，主句的意思仍是概念清晰、結構完整的。非限制性定語從句的引導詞有who，whom，which，whose，as，when，where等，that不可用于引導非限制性定語從句，從句之前要用逗號。先行詞指人，則用who，whose，which等；先行詞指物，要用which；先行詞表時間或者地點，并在句中作時間狀語或者地點狀語時要用when或者where引導。限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別1. 形式不同 限制性定語從句主句和從句之間

4、不用逗號隔開，口語中使用時也不停頓；而非限制性定語從句與主句之間通常有逗號隔開，口語中使用時有停頓。 2. 功能不同 限制性定語從句用于對先行詞的意義進行修飾、限制和識別，如果去掉，就會造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限制性定語從句用于對先行詞起補充說明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。people who take physical exercise live longer. 進行體育鍛煉的人活得長些。(若把從句去掉句子就失去意義) his daughter, who is in boston now, is coming home next week. 他女兒現(xiàn)在在波士頓，下星期回來。(若

5、把從句去掉，句子意義仍然完整) 3. 翻譯不同 在翻譯定語從句時，一般把限制性定語從句翻譯在它所修飾的先行詞之前，而把非限制性定語從句與主句分開。he is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽車被竊的那個人。 ive invited jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀請了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。 4. 含義不同 比較下面的兩個句子： i have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一個當醫(yī)生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一個) i have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一個姐姐，她是當醫(yī)生

6、的。(只有一個姐姐) 5. 先行詞不同 限制性定語從句的先行詞只能是名詞或代詞，而非限制性定語從句的先行詞則可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是短語或句子；另外，當先行詞為專有名詞或其他具有獨一無二性的普通名詞時，通常要用非限制性定語從句，而不用限制性定語從句。peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得開車很快，這是很危險的。(which指drive too fast) he changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改變了主意，這使我很生氣。(which指整個主句)mr. smith, who is our

7、 boss, will leave for japan next week. 我們的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。(先行詞為專有名詞，要用非限制性定語從句修飾) her father, who has a lot of money, wishes her to study abroad. 她父親很有錢，希望她出國學習。(先行詞為表獨一無二意義的普通名詞，要用非限制性定語從句修飾) 6. 關系詞不同 關系詞that和why可用于限制性定語從句中，通常不用于非限制性定語從句；另外，在限制性定語從句中，關系詞有時可以省略，而在非限制性定語從句中關系詞一律不能省略。1.(2017·天津卷

8、83;單項填空)my eldest son, _ work takes him all over the world, is in new york at the moment.a. that b. whose c. his d. who2.（2016·天津卷·單項填空）we will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better.a. thatb. wherec. whichd. when3.（2016·全國新課標卷i·語法填空）but my co

9、nnection with pandas goes back 64（to） my days on a tv show in the mid-1980s, 65 i was the first western tv reporter 66（permitted） (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 4. it is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all. a. thatb. where c. whichd. what5. when it comes to the majority of the latest technologies in the next 20 years, _ has greater potential than the technology being developed in these young peoples company, _ in my eyes will lead to a revolution.a. nothing；whichb. none；where c. nothing；whered