高二英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的概念用法及其專(zhuān)練Word版

1、高二英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的概念用法及其專(zhuān)練導(dǎo)讀：在高二乃至整個(gè)高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)比較難學(xué)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，下面是高考網(wǎng)特為大家整合的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的使用和練習(xí)，希望大家能把非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞掌握好。一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的概念非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是在句子中充當(dāng)除謂語(yǔ)以外的句子成分的動(dòng)詞形式是動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式.動(dòng)詞一般在句子中充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ).在句中可起名詞,形容詞,副詞的作用,在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),補(bǔ)語(yǔ),定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ).即動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式除了不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)外,可以承擔(dān)句子的任何成分3種形式：不定式，分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞），動(dòng)名詞1非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的相同點(diǎn)有：（1）如果是及物動(dòng)詞都可與賓語(yǔ)連用，例如：Theybuiltag

2、arden.Theysuggestedbuildingagarden.（2）都可以被狀語(yǔ)修飾：Thesuitfitshimverywell.Thesuitusedtofithimverywell.（3）都有主動(dòng)與被動(dòng),“體”式（一般式；進(jìn)行式；完成式）的變化。例如：Hewaspunishedbyhisparents.（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Heavoidedbeingpunishedbyhisparents.（動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式）Wehavewrittenthecomposition.（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)）Havingwrittenthecomposition,wehandeditin.（現(xiàn)在分詞的完成

3、式）（4）都可以有邏輯主語(yǔ)Theystartedtheworkatonce.（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)）1 / 34Thebossorderedthemtostartthework.（動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)）WeareLeaguemembers.（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)）WebeingLeaguemember,theworkwaswelldone.（現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)）2、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的不同點(diǎn)有：（1）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以有名詞作用（如動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞），在句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。（2）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以有形容詞作用（如動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞），在句中做定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。（3）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以有副詞作用（如動(dòng)詞

4、不定式和分詞），在句中作狀語(yǔ)。（4）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)，受主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)的限制；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，它不受主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)的限制。二、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法（一）動(dòng)詞不定式：（to）+do，具有名詞、形容詞、副詞的特征。1不定式的形式：（以動(dòng)詞write為例）否定式：not+(to)do（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之后，例如：I'mgladtomeetyou.Heseemstoknowalot.Weplantopayavisit.Hewantstobeanartist.Thepatientaskedtobeoperatedona

5、tonce.Theteacherorderedtheworktobedone.（2）進(jìn)行式：不定式的進(jìn)行式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，例如：Theboypretendedtobeworkinghard.Heseemstobereadinginhisroom.（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前，例如：Iregrettedtohavetoldalie.Ihappenedtohaveseenthefilm.Heispleasedtohavemethisfriend.2不定式的句法功能：（1）作主語(yǔ)：Tofinishtheworkintenminutesisveryh

6、ard.Toloseyourheartmeansfailure.動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)不定式置于句后，例如上面兩句可用如下形式：Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes.Itmeansfailuretoloseyourheart.常用句式有：1、It+be+名詞+todo。2、Ittakessb.+sometime+todo。3、It+be+形容詞+ofsb+todo。4、It+be+形容詞+forsb.+todo。常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,ri

7、ght,silly,stupid,wise,等表示贊揚(yáng)或批評(píng)的形容詞，不定式前的sb.可作其邏輯主語(yǔ)。（2）作表語(yǔ)：Herjobistocleanthehall.Heappearstohavecaughtacold.（3）作賓語(yǔ)：常與不定式做賓語(yǔ)連用的動(dòng)詞有：want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,help,agree,promise,prefer,如果不定式（賓語(yǔ)）后面有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)（不定式）后置，放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后面，例如：Marxfounditimportanttostudythes

8、ituationinRussia.動(dòng)詞不定式也可充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)，如：Ihavenochoicebuttostayhere.HedidnothinglastSundaybutrepairhisbike.動(dòng)詞不定式前有時(shí)可與疑問(wèn)詞連用，如：HegaveussomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.（4）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)詞不定式可充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如下動(dòng)詞常跟這種復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)：want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,callon,waitfor,inv

9、ite.此外，介詞有時(shí)也與這種復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)連用，如：Withalotofworktodo,hedidn'tgotothecinema有些動(dòng)詞如make,let,see,watch,hear,feel,have等與不帶有to的不定式連用，但改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不定式要加to,如：Isawhimcrosstheroad.Hewasseentocrosstheroad.（5）作定語(yǔ)：動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)，放在所修飾的名詞或代詞后。與所修飾名詞有如下關(guān)系：動(dòng)賓關(guān)系：Ihaveameetingtoattend.注意：不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，所修飾的名詞如果是地點(diǎn)、工具等，應(yīng)有必要的介詞，如：Hefoundag

10、oodhousetolivein.Thechildhasnothingtoworryabout.Whatdidyouopenitwith?如果不定式修飾time,place,way，可以省略介詞：Hehasnoplacetolive.Thisisthebestwaytoworkoutthisproblem.如果不定式所修飾名詞是不定式動(dòng)作承受者，不定式可用主動(dòng)式也可用被動(dòng)式：Haveyougotanythingtosend?Haveyougotanythingtobesent?說(shuō)明所修飾名詞的內(nèi)容：Wehavemadeaplantofinishthework.被修飾名詞是不定式邏輯主語(yǔ)：Hei

11、sthefirsttogethere.（6）作狀語(yǔ)：表目的：Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney.Shesoldherhairtobuythewatchchain.注意不定式放句首時(shí)，邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)要一致：wrong：Tosavemoney,everymeanshasbeentried.right：Tosavemoney,hehastriedeverymeans.wrong：TolearnEnglishwell,adictionaryisneeded.right：TolearnEnglishwell,heneedsadictionary.表結(jié)果：Hearrive

12、dlatetofindthetraingone.常用only放在不定式前表示強(qiáng)調(diào)：Ivisitedhimonlytofindhimout.表原因：Theywereverysadtohearthenews.表程度：It'stoodarkforustoseeanything.Thequestionissimpleforhimtoanswer.（7）作獨(dú)立成分：Totellyouthetruth,Idon'tlikethewayhetalked.（8）不定式的省略：保留to省略do動(dòng)詞。Ifyoudon'twanttodoit,youdon'tneedto.（9）不定

13、式的并列：第二個(gè)不定式可省略to。Hewishedtostudymedicineandbecomeadoctor.（二）動(dòng)名詞：動(dòng)名詞既具有動(dòng)詞的一些特征，又具有名詞的句法功能。1動(dòng)名詞的形式：否定式：not+動(dòng)名詞（1）一般式：Seeingisbelieving.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。（2）被動(dòng)式：Hecametothepartywithoutbeinginvited他未被邀請(qǐng)就來(lái)到了晚會(huì)。（3）完成式：Werememberedhavingseenthefilm.我們記得看過(guò)這部電影。（4）完成被動(dòng)式：HeforgothavingbeentakentoGuangzhouwhenhewasfiveyear

14、sold.他忘記五歲時(shí)曾被帶到廣州去過(guò)。（5）否定式：not+動(dòng)名詞Iregretnotfollowinghisadvice.我后悔沒(méi)聽(tīng)他的勸告。（6）復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：物主代詞（或名詞所有格）+動(dòng)名詞Hesuggestedourtryingitonceagain.他建議我們?cè)僭囈淮巍isnotknowingEnglishtroubledhimalot.他不懂英語(yǔ)給他帶來(lái)許多麻煩。2動(dòng)名詞的句法功能：（1）作主語(yǔ)：Readingaloudisveryhelpful.朗讀是很有好處的。Collectingstampsisinteresting.集郵很有趣。當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)。It&

15、#39;snousequarrelling.爭(zhēng)吵是沒(méi)用的。（2）作表語(yǔ)：Intheantcity,thequeen'sjobislayingeggs.在螞蟻王國(guó)，蟻后的工作是產(chǎn)卵。（3）作賓語(yǔ)：Theyhaven'tfinishedbuildingthedam.他們還沒(méi)有建好大壩。Wehavetopreventtheairfrombeingpolluted.我們必須阻止空氣被污染。注意動(dòng)名詞既可作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)也可作介詞賓語(yǔ)，如上面兩個(gè)例句。此外，動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，若跟有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則常用形式賓語(yǔ)it，例如：Wefounditnogoodmakingfunofothers.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)取笑

16、他人不好。要記住如下動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)只跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)：enjoy,finish,suggest,avoid（避免）,excuse,delay,imagine,keep,miss,consider,admit（承認(rèn)），deny（否認(rèn)）,mind,permit,forbid,practise,risk（冒險(xiǎn)）,appreciate（感激）,bebusy,beworth,feellike,can'tstand,can'thelp（情不自禁地）,thinkof,dreamof,befondof,prevent(from),keepfrom,stop（from）,protectfrom,set

17、about,beengagedin,spend(in),succeedin,beusedto,lookforwardto,objectto,payattentionto,insiston,feellike（4）作定語(yǔ)：Hecan'twalkwithoutawalking-stick.他沒(méi)有拐杖不能走路。Isthereaswimmingpoolinyourschool?你們學(xué)校有游泳池嗎？（5）作同位語(yǔ)：Thecave,hishiding-placeissecret.那個(gè)山洞，他藏身的地方很秘密。Hishabit,listeningtothenewsontheradioremainsun

18、changed他收聽(tīng)收音機(jī)新聞節(jié)目的習(xí)慣仍未改變。（三）現(xiàn)在分詞：現(xiàn)在分詞既具有動(dòng)詞的一些特征，又具有形容詞和副詞的句法功能。1、現(xiàn)在分詞的形式：否定式：not+現(xiàn)在分詞（1）現(xiàn)在分詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在分詞主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般式表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，完成式表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，常作狀語(yǔ)。例如：Theywenttothepark,singingandtalking.他們邊唱邊說(shuō)向公園走去。Havingdonehishomework,heplayedbasket-ball.做完作業(yè)，他開(kāi)始打籃球。（2）現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：一般式表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，完成式表

19、示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前的被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。Theproblembeingdiscussedisveryimportant.正在被討論的問(wèn)題很重要。Havingbeentoldmanytimes,thenaughtyboymadethesamemistake.被告訴了好幾遍，這個(gè)淘氣的孩子又犯了同一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。2現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能：（1）作定語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，當(dāng)分詞單獨(dú)做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞前；如果是分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)放在名詞后。Inthefollowingyearsheworkedevenharder.在后來(lái)的幾年中，他學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。Themanspeakingtotheteacherisourmoni

20、tor'sfather.正與老師談話的那個(gè)人是我們班長(zhǎng)的父親。現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的句法功能，如：inthefollowingyears也可用intheyearsthatfollowed;themanspeakingtotheteacher可改為themanwhoisspeakingtotheteacher.（2）現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)：Thefilmbeingshowninthecinemaisexciting.正在這家上演的電影很棒。Thepresentsituationisinspiring.當(dāng)前的形勢(shì)鼓舞人心。be+doing既可能表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，也可能是現(xiàn)在分詞做表語(yǔ)，它

21、們的區(qū)別在于be+doing表示進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作是進(jìn)行時(shí)，而表示特征時(shí)是系動(dòng)詞be與現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。（3）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：如下動(dòng)詞后可跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：see,watch,hear,feel,find,get,keep,notice,observe,listento,lookat,leave,catch等。例如：Canyouhearhersingingthesonginthenextroom?你能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)她在隔壁唱歌嗎？Hekeptthecarwaitingatthegate.他讓小汽車(chē)在門(mén)口等著。（4）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)：作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：(While)Workinginthefactory,hewa

22、sanadvancedworker.在工廠工作時(shí)，他是一名先進(jìn)工人。作原因狀語(yǔ)：BeingaLeaguemember,heisalwayshelpingothers.由于是共青團(tuán)員，他經(jīng)常幫助他人。作方式狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨：Hestayedathome,cleaningandwashing.他呆在家里，又擦又洗。作條件狀語(yǔ)：(If)Playingallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.要是整天玩，你就會(huì)浪費(fèi)寶貴的時(shí)間。作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.他把杯子掉了，結(jié)果摔得粉碎。作目的狀語(yǔ)：Hewentswim

23、mingtheotherday.幾天前他去游泳了。作讓步狀語(yǔ)：Thoughrainingheavily,itclearedupverysoon.雖然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格：Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyhead我等汽車(chē)時(shí)，一只鳥(niǎo)落到我頭上。Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已經(jīng)賣(mài)光了，他們失望地離開(kāi)了。Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.如果時(shí)間允許，我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。有時(shí)也可用with(

24、without)+名詞（代詞賓格）+分詞形式Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他點(diǎn)著燈睡著了。作獨(dú)立成分：udgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.從外表看，他一定是個(gè)演員。Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecareful.一般說(shuō)來(lái)，女孩子更細(xì)心。（四）過(guò)去分詞：過(guò)去分詞只有一種形式：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞由動(dòng)詞原形加詞尾-ed構(gòu)成。不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞沒(méi)有統(tǒng)一的規(guī)則要求，要一一記住。過(guò)去分詞的句法功能：1過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)：OurclasswentonanorganizedtriplastMonday.上

25、周一我們班開(kāi)展了一次有組織的旅行。Thoseelectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.當(dāng)選為委員的人將出席這次會(huì)。注意當(dāng)過(guò)去分詞是單詞時(shí)，一般用于名詞前，如果是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，就放在名詞的后面。過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句。2過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)：Thewindowisbroken.窗戶破了。Theywerefrightenedatthesadsight.他們對(duì)眼前悲慘的景象感到很害怕。注意：be+過(guò)去分詞，如果表示狀態(tài)是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，如果表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。區(qū)別：Thewindowisbroken.（系表）Thewindowwasbr

26、okenbytheboy.（被動(dòng)）有些過(guò)去分詞是不及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的，不表示被動(dòng)，只表示完成。如：boiledwater（開(kāi)水）fallenleaves（落葉）newlyarrivedgoods（新到的貨）therisensun（升起的太陽(yáng)）thechangedworld（變了的世界）這類(lèi)過(guò)去分詞有：gone,come,fallen,risen,changed,arrived,returned,passed等。3過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：Iheardthesongsungseveraltimeslastweek.上周我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)這首歌被唱了好幾次。有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞做with短語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：Withthewo

27、rkdone,theywentouttoplay.工作做完了，他們出去玩去了。4過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)：Praisedbytheneighbours,hebecametheprideofhisparents.受到鄰居們的表?yè)P(yáng)，他成為父母的驕傲。（表示原因）Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.一旦它被看見(jiàn)，人們就忘不了。（表示時(shí)間）Givenmoretime,I'llbeabletodoitbetter.如果給予更多的時(shí)間，我能做得更好。（表示條件）Thoughtoldofthedanger,hestillriskedhislifetosavetheboy.雖然被告之有

28、危險(xiǎn)，他仍然冒生命危險(xiǎn)去救那個(gè)孩子。（表示讓步）Filledwithhopesandfears,heenteredthecave.心中充滿了希望與恐懼，他走進(jìn)山洞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)分析1TheOlympicGames,_in776B.C,didtincludewomenplayersuntil1919.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying析：根據(jù)題干，必須選表示被動(dòng)的選項(xiàng)，故排除A、D；因B選項(xiàng)表“將要被舉行”意，不合題干之用，只有C選項(xiàng)（相當(dāng)于whichwasfirstplayed）才合用。2Europea

29、nfootballisplayedin80countries,_itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake析：B、C是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，在此不可用。D項(xiàng)tomake或表目的，或表“將要使得”，這都不合題干情景。只有A.making,可作狀語(yǔ)，表結(jié)果。再舉一現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)例：Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,causingthedelay.公共汽車(chē)被大風(fēng)雪所阻，因而耽誤了。3LittleJimshouldlove_tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetakenB.tota

30、keC.beingtakenD.taking析：根據(jù)thisevening,應(yīng)選表示將來(lái)義的選項(xiàng)，C、D應(yīng)排除。Take后無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，必然要用被動(dòng)式，故答案為A。4Johnwasmade_thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing析：根據(jù)bemadetodosth.句式，可定答案為A。5Thepatientwaswarned_oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating析：根據(jù)warnsb.(not)todosth.句

31、式，可排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；又根據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定式not總是在首位的規(guī)律，又可排除A，而定C。6Iusuallygotherebytrain.Whynot_byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing析：此題可根據(jù)whynot后直接跟原形動(dòng)詞規(guī)律而一舉確定正確答案為D。若將B項(xiàng)改為trytogo，則要根據(jù)其與trygoing意義之別來(lái)確定答案。依據(jù)題干對(duì)話內(nèi)容，乙方是建議甲方嘗試乘船變變花樣，所以答案仍為D。7_areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.Receivin

32、gnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived析：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定式not應(yīng)置于首位，B、D皆為錯(cuò)誤形式。A項(xiàng)不能表達(dá)先于decided的動(dòng)作，只有選C項(xiàng)才表沒(méi)收到信在先，決定再寫(xiě)信在后，所以C為正確答案。8CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havingmvented析：consider表“考慮”意時(shí)，其后動(dòng)詞用doing形式，此處不表“考慮”，而表“認(rèn)為”，這時(shí)consider后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)多為

33、todo,tohavedone,tobe等形式。據(jù)此可排除B、D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)。又因A表“要發(fā)明”意，不合題用，只有C表“發(fā)明了”意，才合題用，故選C。9Mostoftheartists_tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited析：“被邀請(qǐng)參加晚會(huì)”，應(yīng)選表被動(dòng)意的選項(xiàng)，B不可用。D項(xiàng)少引導(dǎo)詞who，也應(yīng)排除。又因短暫動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)式不可作定語(yǔ)，C也應(yīng)排除，只有A.invited(whowereinvited)才是正確答案。10Themurdererwasbroughtin,wi

34、thhishands_behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiredD.tied析：B表主動(dòng)意，應(yīng)排除。C表“將要被捆綁”，A表“正在被捆綁”都不合題意，只有D項(xiàng)填入空白才能表達(dá)“雙手被反綁著”這一意思，符合題干情景。再看一類(lèi)似例句：Hecamein,(with)hisheadheldhigh.他昂首走了進(jìn)來(lái)。三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專(zhuān)練1._moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.TogiveB.HavinggivenC.GivenD.Giving2.Thefirsttextbooks_forteach

35、ingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.tobewrittenB.writtenC.beingwrittenD.havingwritten3.Themissingboyswerelastseen_neartheriver.A.toplayB.playC.tobeplayingD.playing4._inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.ToloseB.LostC.HavinglostD.Losing5.Whenpassingmehepretended_me.A.toseeB

36、.nothavingseenC.tohavenotseenD.nottohaveseen6.Thechildreninsisted_thereonfoot.A.theygoingB.theywouldgoC.ontheirgoingD.going7.Hestillremembers_toShanghaiwhenhewasveryyoung.A.takingB.beingtakenC.takenD.havingtaken8._therailwaystation,wehadabreak,only_thetrainhadleft.A.Arrivingat;tofindB.Comingto;disco

37、veringthatC.Onarrivingat;findingoutD.Hurryingto;tohavefoundout9.Withtheboy_theway,wehadnotrouble_theway_toZhongshanPark.A.leading;finding;leadingB.tolead;found;toleadC.led;finding;ledD.leading;found;led10._thesepictures,IcouldnthelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeingand_fromthetopofathirty-storeyedbu

38、ilding,Beijinglooksmorebeautiful.A.Seeing;seenB.Seen;seeingC.Seeing;seeingD.Seen;seen11.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.tohavesailedB.tosailC.sailingD.sail12.Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair_againstyourface.A.movedB.movingC.movesD.tomove13._isknowntoall,C

39、hinawillbean_andpowerfulcountryin20or30yearstime.A.That;advancingB.This;advancedC.As;advancedD.It;advancing14.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescanthelp_intobuyingsomethingtheydontreallyneed.A.persuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded15.Therewasterriblenoise_thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.foll

40、owingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed16.Pleaseexcusemy_inwithout_.A.come;permittedB.coming;permittedC.comimg;beingpermittedD.tocome;beingpermitted17._hisheadhigh,themanagerwalkedintotheroomtoattendthemeeting_then.A.Holding;beingheldB.Held;holdingC.Havingheld;heldD.Held;tobeheld18.Didyouhearher_thispops

41、ongthistimetheotherday?Yes,andIheardthissong_inEnglish.A.sing;singingB.sung;sungC.sung;singingD.singing;sung19.Thequestion_nowatthemeetingisnotthequestion_yesterday.A.discussed;discussedB.discussing;haddiscussedC.beingdiscussed;discussedD.discussing;discussing20.Withthecooking_,Iwenton_somesewing.A.

42、done;todoB.beingdone;doingC.tobedone;doingD.tohavedone;doing21.Itisnouse_yourpastmistakes.A.regrettingB.regretC.toregretD.regretted22.Herhusbanddiedin1980andhadnothing_toher,only_herfivechildren.A.left;toleaveB.leaving;leavingC.leaving;leftD.left;leaving23.Iamverybusy.Ihaveaverydifficultproblem_.A.t

43、oworkB.toworkoutC.tobeworkedoutD.toworkitout24.Iwouldappreciate_backthisaffernoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.yourecalling25.Climbingmountainswas_,soweallfelt_.A.tiring;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;tiringD.tired;tired26.Isawsomevillagers_onthebenchattheendoftheroom.A.seatingB.seatC.seatedD.sea

44、tedthemselves27.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell_careof.A.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.taking28.Itisoneoftheimportantproblems_tomorrow.A.tosolveB.tobesolvedC.solvedD.solving29._mapsproperly,youneedaspecialpen.A.DrawnB.DrawingC.TodrawD.Bedrawing30.Thereisariver_aroundourschool.A.torunB.runC.runningD.toberunnin

45、g31.Howaboutthetwoofus_awalkdownthegarden?A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaken32.Iwasfortunatetopickupawallet_onthegroundonthewaybackhome,butunfortunatelyforme,IfoundmycolourTVset._whenIgothome.A.lying;stolenB.laying;stealingC.lay;stolenD.lying;stealing33.Whththekindheartedboy_mewithmywork,ImsureIllbea

46、bletosparetime_withyourwork.A.tohelp;helpyououtB.helping;helpingyouC.helped;tohelpyououtD.tohelp;tohelpyou34.Greatlymoveddbyherwords,_.A.tearscametohiseyesB.hecouldhardlyholdbackhistearsC.tearscouldhardlybeheldbackD.hiseyeswerefilledwithtears.35.Ihopethechildrenwonttouchthedog.Ivewarnedthem_.A.notB.

47、nottoC.nottouchD.notdo36.Iwouldlove_tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone37.When_whyhewalkedinwithoutpermission,hejuststaredatusandsaidnothing.A.beenaskedB.askedC.askingD.tobeasked38.Themankeptsilentintheroomunless_.A.spokentoB.spoketoC.spoke

48、nD.tospeak39.Hewasoftenlistened_inthenextroom.A.singB.sungC.tosingD.totosing40.Ratherthan_onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers_abicycle.A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding41.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto42.Whatstroublingthem

49、is_enoughexperiencedworkers.A.thattheyhavetoB.theyhavenotC.theirnothavingD.nottheirhaving43._histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.A.NotknowingB.KnowingnotC.NothavingknownD.Havingnotknow44.Bambooisused_housesinsomeplaces.A.tobuildB.tobuildingC.tobebuiltD.beingbuilt45.Goon_the

50、otherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.A.todoB.doingC.withD.tobedoing46.Thedaywelookedforwardto_.A.comeB.comingC.hascomeD.havecome47.Whomwouldyourather_thework?A.tohavetodoB.tohavedoC.havetodoD.havedo48.Doyouthinkitanygood_withhimagain?A.totalkB.talkingC.totalkingD.havingtalked49.Sometimesnewideas

51、havetobetestedmanytimesbefore_.A.acceptingfullyB.beingfullyacceptedC.fullyacceptingD.fullybeingaccepted50.Thegovernmentforbids_suchbadbooks.A.publishedB.topublishC.publishD.publishing非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專(zhuān)練答案15CBDBD610CBAAA1115CBCCB1620CADCA2125ADBCA2630CCBCC3135CADBB3640BBADC4145ACAAA4650CDABD四、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題及其練習(xí)非謂

52、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是指分詞（包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞）、不定式、動(dòng)名詞等三種形式，即：doing,done,todo,doing。當(dāng)然它們有各自不同的變化形式，如：現(xiàn)在分詞doing:有beingdone（被動(dòng)式）;havingdone（完成式）;havingbeendone（完成被動(dòng)式）不定式todo:有tobedone（被動(dòng)式）;tohavedone（完成式）;tobedoing（進(jìn)行式）動(dòng)名詞doing:有havingdone（完成式）;beingdone（被動(dòng)式）;非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)：三種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都具有動(dòng)詞的特征，雖然它們沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但是它們都能帶自己的狀語(yǔ)或有時(shí)跟賓語(yǔ)。它們都有各自的特征：分詞具有形容詞和副詞的特征；動(dòng)名詞具有名詞的特征；不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征。具體來(lái)講：分詞在句子中可以做定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等；動(dòng)名詞在句子中可以做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等；不定式在句子中可以做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。下面分別對(duì)三種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行講解：一動(dòng)詞不定式先看幾個(gè)例句，判斷不定式在句中的成分。1Tolearnaforeignlanguageisdifficult.2Hiswishistobeadriver.3Tomwantedtohaveacupofbeer.4Theteachertoldustodomorningexercises.5Ihavenothin