獨(dú)山縣肉牛養(yǎng)殖基地建設(shè)項(xiàng)目

1、a bush school- the classrooms are made of bamboo and the roofs of grass. it takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a muddy track. when i reach the school grounds there are lots of “good mornings” for me from the boys. many of them have walked a long way, sometimes up to two hours, to get

2、 to school. theres no electricity or water and even no textbooks either! im still trying to adapt to these conditions. however, one thing is for sure, ive become more imaginative in my teaching. science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments. in fact

3、there is no equipment, and if i need water i have to carry it from my house in a bucket! the other day i was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before i knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere! the boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping

4、 out of the windows. sometimes i wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after year 8 anyway. to be honest, i doubt whether im making any difference to these boys lives at all. you asked whether im getting to know any local people. w

5、ell, thats actually quite difficult as i dont speak much of the local english dialect yet. but last weekend another teacher, jenny, and i did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, tombe. it was my first visit to a remote village. we walked for two and a half hours to get there- first

6、 up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below. when we arrived at the village, tombes mother, kiak, who had been pulling weeds in her garden, started crying”ieee ieee”. we shook hands with all the villagers. everyone seemed to be a relativ

7、e of tombes. tombes father, mukap, led us to his house, a low bamboo but with grass sticking out of the roof- this shows it is a mans house. the huts were round, not rectangular like the school buildings. there were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through. the hut was

8、 dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a newly made platform for jenny and me to sleep on. usually kiak would sleep in her own hut, but that night she was going to share the platform with us. mukap and tombe were to sleep on small be

9、ds in another part of the hut,. there was a fireplace in the centre of the hut near the doorway. the only possessions i could see were one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars. outside mukap was building a fire. once the fire was going, he laid stones on it. when hot, he placed

10、 them in an empty oil drum with kau kau (sweet potato) corn and greens. he then covered the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam. i sniffed the food; it smelled delicious. we ate inside the hut sitting round the fire. i loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in th

11、eir language, even though i could not participate in the conversation. luckily, tombe could be our interpreter. later, i noticed a tin can standing upside down on the grill over the fire. after a short time tombe threw it out of the doorway. i was puzzled. tombe told me that the can was heated

12、to dry out the leftover food. they believe that any leftovers attract evil spirits in the night, so the food is dried up in the can and the can is then thrown out of the hut. otherwise they dont waste anything. we left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes. my mus

13、cles were aching and my knees shaking as we climbed down the mountain towards home. that evening i fell happily into bed. it was such a privilege to have spent a day with tombes family. its getting late and i have to prepare tomorrows lessons and do some paperwork. please write soon. love,

14、 jo   the worlds most useful gift catalogue  would you like to donate an unusual gift? then this is the catalogue for you. the gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it. choose from th

15、is catalogue a really useful gift for some of the worlds poorest and bring hope for a better future to a community in need. when you purchase an item, we will send you an attractive card for you to send to your special person. you can use the cards for any special occasion- weddings, births, bi

16、rthdays, christmas or anniversaries, etc.  unit 5  keep it up, xie lei  chinese student fitting in well six months ago xie lei said goodbye to her family and friends in china and boarded a plane for london. it was the first time she had ever left her motherland. “after getti

17、ng my visa i was very excited because i had dreamed of this day for so long. but i was also very nervous as i didnt know what to expect,” xie lei told me when i saw her waiting in a queue at the student cafeteria between lectures. xie lei, who is 21 years old, has come to our university to stud

18、y for a business qualification. she is halfway through the preparation year, which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course. xie lei highly recommends it. “the preparation course is most beneficial,” she said. “studying here is quite different from studying in china, so you

19、 need some preparation first.” “its not just study thats difficult. you have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning,” explained xie lei, who had lived all her life in the same city in china. she told me that she had had to learn almost

20、everything again. “sometimes i felt like a child,” she said. “i had to learn how to use the phone, how to pay bus fare, and how to ask a shopkeeper for things i didnt know the english for. when i got lost and had to ask a passer-by for directions, i didnt always understand. they dont talk like they

21、do on our listening tapes,” she said, laughing. xie lei lives with a host family who give her lots of good advice. although some foreign students live in student accommodation or apartments, some choose to board with english families. living with host family, in which there many be other colleg

22、e students, gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture. “when i hear an idiom that i dont understand, i can ask my host family for help,” explains xie lei. “also, when i miss my family, its a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with.” xie leis preparation course is hel

23、ping her to get used to the academic requirements of a western university. “i remember the first essay i did for my tutor,” she told me. “i found an article on the internet that seemed to have exactly the information i needed. so i made a summary of the article, revised my draft and handed the essay

24、 in. i thought i would get a really good mark but i got an e. i was numb with shock! so i went to my tutor to ask the reason for his revision. first of all, he told me, i couldnt write what other people had said without acknowledging them. besides, as far as he was concerned, what other people thoug

25、ht was not the most important thing. he wanted to know what i thought, which confused me because i thought that the author of the article knew far more than i did. my tutor explained that i should read lots of different texts that contain different opinions and analyze what i read. then, in my essay

26、, i should give my own opinion and explain it by referring to other authors. finally he even encouraged me to contradict the authors id read! at first i lacked confidence, but now im beginning to get the idea and my marks have improved. more importantly, i am now a more autonomous learner.” xie

27、 lei told me that she feels much more at home in england now, and what had seemed very strange before now appears quite normal. “ive just got one more thing to achieve. i have been so occupied with work that i havent had time for social activities. i think its important to have a balance between stu

28、dy and a social life, so im going to join a few clubs. hopefully ill make some new friends.” we will follow xie leis progress in later editions of this newspaper but for now, we wish xie lei all the best in her new enterprise. she deserves to succeed.  peru peru is a country on the pa

29、cific coast of south america. it has three main geographical areas: a narrow coastal belt; the andes mountains running parallel to the coast; and high, flat plains in the southeast. in the high plans area is lake titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel. peru has abundant p

30、lants from desert grasses to vast areas of jungle. once the centre of the powerful and extremely wealthy inca empire, much of south獨(dú)山縣肉牛養(yǎng)殖基地建設(shè)項(xiàng)目可行性研究報(bào)告 項(xiàng)目主管：獨(dú)山縣人民政府 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施：獨(dú)山縣康復(fù)有限公司 項(xiàng)目申報(bào)：獨(dú)山縣殘疾人服務(wù)總社 編制時(shí)間：二00二年七月三日獨(dú)山縣肉牛養(yǎng)殖基地建設(shè)項(xiàng)目可 行 性 研 究 報(bào) 告 項(xiàng)目名稱：肉牛養(yǎng)殖基地項(xiàng)目地點(diǎn)：獨(dú)山縣羊鳳鄉(xiāng)麻納村投資總額：450萬元（其中：申請(qǐng)項(xiàng)目資金400萬元，農(nóng)戶自籌資金5

31、0萬元）建設(shè)規(guī)模：選建200戶肉牛繁殖飼養(yǎng)戶，養(yǎng)殖基礎(chǔ)母牛1000頭（戶均5頭），建植1000畝皇草飼料地，建設(shè)一個(gè)肉牛育肥示范場(chǎng)，牛育肥二次，育肥出欄肉牛600頭。項(xiàng)目建設(shè)期：二年項(xiàng)目編制：獨(dú)山縣畜牧事業(yè)管理局編制時(shí)間：二三年五月八日目 錄第一章 總論第二章 項(xiàng)目產(chǎn)品及市場(chǎng)需求分析第三章 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)總體方案設(shè)計(jì)第四章 項(xiàng)目技術(shù)可行性分析第五章 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)地選擇及主要工程設(shè)計(jì)第六章 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)內(nèi)容及規(guī)模第七章 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)期及分期實(shí)施進(jìn)度計(jì)劃第八章 項(xiàng)目投資概算及資金籌措第九章 項(xiàng)目投資效益評(píng)價(jià)第十章 項(xiàng)目投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析第十一章 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施組織與管理第十二章 結(jié)論 獨(dú)山縣肉牛養(yǎng)殖基地建設(shè)項(xiàng)目可行性研究報(bào)告第

32、一章 總論第一節(jié)、項(xiàng)目提出的背景獨(dú)山縣具有可發(fā)展畜牧業(yè)草山草坡資源90萬畝和25.3萬畝的耕地資源,地處云貴高原向廣西過渡的丘陵地帶，是西南內(nèi)陸通往沿海的交通要道，貴州的南大門、黔桂鐵路、公路和貴新高等級(jí)公路貫穿縣境南北，冊(cè)三、獨(dú)荔公路橫貫東西，全縣形成三縱五橫的交通網(wǎng)，交通便利。在我國(guó)加入wto之后，利用優(yōu)越的自然條件和便利的交通優(yōu)勢(shì)，面向市場(chǎng)，大力發(fā)展畜牧業(yè)在縣委、政府的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，已得到各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)黨委、政府和各部門的高度重視，力爭(zhēng)建成貴州南部的畜牧大縣，為此，建立專業(yè)合作組織，實(shí)施“公司+場(chǎng)+農(nóng)戶”等多種經(jīng)營(yíng)形式的畜牧產(chǎn)業(yè)化生產(chǎn)，是我縣畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展的一種重要的組織生產(chǎn)方式和措施，加速肉牛生產(chǎn)是我縣

33、畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展重要的方向。第二節(jié)、項(xiàng)目經(jīng)濟(jì)及社會(huì)必要性評(píng)價(jià)隨著我國(guó)加入世界貿(mào)易組織以后，畜牧業(yè)將是貿(mào)易自由化和中國(guó)加入wto在農(nóng)業(yè)部門內(nèi)的主要受益行業(yè)。畜產(chǎn)品的出口將顯著增長(zhǎng)，為此，大力發(fā)展畜牧業(yè)是加速我縣農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整需要，畜牧產(chǎn)業(yè)化建設(shè)是實(shí)現(xiàn)粗放經(jīng)營(yíng)的自然經(jīng)濟(jì)型農(nóng)業(yè)向商品經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)型的現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變，是今后政府工作的主要任務(wù)。建立以現(xiàn)代畜牧科技進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)的畜牧產(chǎn)業(yè)化道路建設(shè)是我縣畜牧業(yè)產(chǎn)品適應(yīng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的必然趨勢(shì)。第三節(jié)、項(xiàng)目經(jīng)濟(jì)、技術(shù)、管理可行性分析項(xiàng)目建設(shè)以“場(chǎng)+農(nóng)戶”的方式進(jìn)行實(shí)施，技術(shù)依托獨(dú)山縣畜牧局，畜牧局現(xiàn)有技師5人，助理技師91人，有承擔(dān)草地項(xiàng)目多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，牛品改良在全州位列第二。

34、以現(xiàn)代畜牧科學(xué)技術(shù)手段實(shí)施肉牛生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營(yíng)，是現(xiàn)階段進(jìn)行項(xiàng)目建設(shè)較為先進(jìn)的科學(xué)管理方式，技術(shù)有保證，產(chǎn)品有市場(chǎng)。項(xiàng)目實(shí)施后，戶均增加純收入2500元以上，促民增收。第二章 項(xiàng)目產(chǎn)品及市場(chǎng)需求分析第一節(jié)、項(xiàng)目產(chǎn)品分析牛肉營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富，蛋白質(zhì)含量高于豬肉，膽固醇含量低，是其優(yōu)于其它肉類產(chǎn)品而被注重營(yíng)養(yǎng)保健的現(xiàn)代家庭生活所重視，其肉質(zhì)鮮美細(xì)嫩不肥膩，易消化。牛皮是制革工業(yè)的主要原料，近年來，隨著人們生活水平的提高，牛肉的開發(fā)被普遍受到重視，食品工業(yè)和制革工業(yè)需求量不斷加大，市場(chǎng)對(duì)牛肉和牛皮的需求在與日俱增。第二節(jié)、項(xiàng)目產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)調(diào)查分析近年來，國(guó)外肉牛生產(chǎn)受瘋牛病的影響，歐美等國(guó)大量在我國(guó)進(jìn)口肉牛，因此

35、，在我國(guó)加入世界貿(mào)易組織后，在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化進(jìn)程中，肉牛生產(chǎn)是我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整中具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力的產(chǎn)品，與國(guó)際市場(chǎng)同類產(chǎn)品相比，我國(guó)的牛肉生產(chǎn)在入世后有較大的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)潛力?，F(xiàn)今我縣市場(chǎng)肉牛售價(jià)在每公斤活重9元以上。第三節(jié)、項(xiàng)目產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)需求及預(yù)測(cè)分析以肉牛為原料進(jìn)行加工生產(chǎn)的冷確肉、保鮮肉是人類生活中的主要食品，肉骨粉的生產(chǎn)在飼料工業(yè)正在逐步被開發(fā)利用，制革工業(yè)需大量的牛皮，為肉牛生產(chǎn)提供了廣泛的市場(chǎng)前景。隨著我國(guó)加入“wto”，國(guó)外肉牛生產(chǎn)受瘋牛病影響而我國(guó)肉牛價(jià)格較低，均被國(guó)外客商看好，中國(guó)牛肉出口正在逐步擴(kuò)大。至今，我國(guó)的肉牛生產(chǎn)屬供不應(yīng)求階段，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際市場(chǎng)的需求，因此，肉牛生產(chǎn)早

36、起步、早受益。第三章 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)總體方案設(shè)計(jì)第一節(jié)、項(xiàng)目建設(shè)指導(dǎo)思想及原則項(xiàng)目建設(shè)以“場(chǎng)+農(nóng)戶”的方式進(jìn)行組織實(shí)施，選擇在農(nóng)村中有一定文化、能接受技術(shù)培訓(xùn)的農(nóng)戶，通過項(xiàng)目實(shí)施，加速農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，增加農(nóng)民收入。在市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中，通過公司的信息、技術(shù)、服務(wù)，以科學(xué)的技術(shù)方式進(jìn)行產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營(yíng)，帶領(lǐng)農(nóng)民闖市場(chǎng)。第二節(jié)、項(xiàng)目建設(shè)總體方案及目標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)一、項(xiàng)目建設(shè)總體方案立足我縣農(nóng)村素有養(yǎng)牛的傳統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)習(xí)慣，充分發(fā)揮現(xiàn)行推廣的牛改工作效應(yīng)，一是改變役肉兼用為肉牛生產(chǎn)，實(shí)施西門達(dá)爾改良本地品種，實(shí)現(xiàn)肉牛生產(chǎn)繁殖母牛一代二元雜交化，商品肉牛育肥生產(chǎn)雜交二代三元化；二是改傳統(tǒng)飼養(yǎng)為科學(xué)飼料育肥；三是改小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)向?qū)I(yè)化

37、商品經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)，充分利用經(jīng)濟(jì)雜交優(yōu)勢(shì)走商品化道路建設(shè)；四是改分散經(jīng)營(yíng)為產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)濟(jì)，通過以“場(chǎng)+農(nóng)戶”的方式，使肉牛商品生產(chǎn)上規(guī)模，成批量，樹立肉牛生產(chǎn)商業(yè)品牌。建設(shè)肉牛繁殖、育肥、營(yíng)銷體系，實(shí)施辦法為：選戶進(jìn)行繁殖飼養(yǎng)，建場(chǎng)進(jìn)行育肥生產(chǎn)。對(duì)農(nóng)戶投貸基礎(chǔ)母牛，建場(chǎng)回收肉牛進(jìn)行育肥。1、專業(yè)戶自籌資金進(jìn)行基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，建植飼料生產(chǎn)基地為基礎(chǔ)母牛飼養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造良好的環(huán)境條件。2、育肥示范場(chǎng)，向?qū)I(yè)戶收購(gòu)草，回收一歲雜交犢牛，實(shí)施配合飼料進(jìn)行育肥生產(chǎn)和銷售。二、目標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)通過以“場(chǎng)+農(nóng)戶”的肉牛生產(chǎn)方式，選擇200戶肉牛繁殖示范戶，輻射帶動(dòng)周邊群眾的肉牛生產(chǎn)，推動(dòng)全縣的肉牛養(yǎng)殖，形成肉牛產(chǎn)業(yè)化生產(chǎn)。（一）、基礎(chǔ)

38、繁殖母牛飼養(yǎng)，建設(shè)1000頭基礎(chǔ)繁殖母?；兀ㄟx擇200戶，戶養(yǎng)5頭），人工冷凍輸配成活率達(dá)60%以上，牛繁殖犢牛600頭（戶均3頭），第四年起實(shí)現(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)母牛一代雜交化20%（200頭），第五年40%（400頭），第六年60%（600頭），第七年80%（800頭），第八年達(dá)100%（1000頭），第九年后實(shí)現(xiàn)全部繁殖母代雜交一代化。（二）、育肥肉牛生產(chǎn)，雜交牛周歲進(jìn)入育肥場(chǎng)進(jìn)行育肥，雜交一代周歲150kg，雜交二代200kg。經(jīng)6個(gè)月180天的持續(xù)育肥，雜交育肥，雜交一代18個(gè)月齡出欄350kg，雜交二代450kg以上。（三）、皇草飼料作物生產(chǎn)。畝產(chǎn)1.5萬公斤至2萬公斤。（四）、產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃1

39、、項(xiàng)目專業(yè)戶：對(duì)育肥場(chǎng)銷售皇草和周歲育成牛，項(xiàng)目建設(shè)期2年。（1）出欄周歲，第三年出售400頭（戶均2頭），選留200頭雜交一代作后備基礎(chǔ)母牛；第四年，600頭（基中母牛200頭，雜交一代400頭）；第五年，600頭（母牛200頭，雜交一代400頭），第六年，600頭（母牛200頭，雜交一代340頭，二代60頭）；第七年，600頭（母牛200頭，雜交一代280頭，二代180頭）；第八年，600頭（母牛200頭，雜交一代220頭，二代180頭）；第九年，出欄800頭（母牛200頭，雜交一代120頭，二代480頭）；第十年，600頭，全部雜交二代三元化。（2）皇草，第三年至第八年，每年交售育肥場(chǎng)2

40、16萬公斤；第九年后，每年交售324萬公斤。2、育肥場(chǎng)：育肥6個(gè)月180天，每年周轉(zhuǎn)2次，雜交一代育肥180天，出欄活重350kg,雜交二代育肥180天出欄活重450kg。通過回收專業(yè)戶肉牛、購(gòu)賣專業(yè)戶生產(chǎn)的皇草，實(shí)施配合飼育肥生產(chǎn)。根據(jù)專業(yè)戶的實(shí)際開支情況，項(xiàng)目實(shí)施第三年到第八年，每年育肥出欄400頭，第九年后每年育肥600頭，其中第三年至第五年，育肥雜交一代肉牛，第六年育肥生產(chǎn)雜交一代340頭，第二代60頭，第七年，雜交一代280頭，二代120頭，第二代60頭，第七年，雜交一代280頭，二代120頭，第八年雜交一代220頭，二代180頭，第九年雜交一代120頭，二代480頭，第十年育肥雜交

41、二代600頭。3、價(jià)格體系：根據(jù)市場(chǎng)價(jià)格，雜交一代周歲出欄1200元/頭，雜交二代周歲牛出欄1600元/頭，出欄肉?；钪?元/kg，皇草每公斤鮮草或青貯料0.1元,肉牛配合精料每公斤1.2元,淘汰母牛。第四年淘汰的母牛每頭1400元，第五年每頭1350元，第六年，每頭1300元，第七年每頭1250元，第八年每頭1200元，每九年每頭1150元。第二節(jié)、項(xiàng)目重點(diǎn)建設(shè)內(nèi)容1、選建示范專業(yè)戶:2、實(shí)施圈舍改造:3、建植皇草飼料生產(chǎn)地:4、建設(shè)青貯窖:5、選購(gòu)基礎(chǔ)繁殖母牛:6、規(guī)化建設(shè)肉牛育肥場(chǎng):第四章 項(xiàng)目技術(shù)可行性分析第一節(jié)、項(xiàng)目技術(shù)措施及選擇評(píng)價(jià)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施以現(xiàn)代畜牧科技進(jìn)行畜牧產(chǎn)業(yè)化建設(shè)，充分利用

42、雜交優(yōu)勢(shì)進(jìn)行育肥生產(chǎn)。技術(shù)措施：1、建立健全疾病防治措施，定期進(jìn)行防疫和驅(qū)蟲及產(chǎn)科疾病的防治。2、建立繁殖配種檔案，實(shí)施人工冷凍輸配；3、建立草畜平衡體系，選定飼養(yǎng)方案，實(shí)施全價(jià)配合飼料育肥生產(chǎn)；4、改變飼養(yǎng)方式，實(shí)施干平圈飼養(yǎng)。第二節(jié)、項(xiàng)目技術(shù)關(guān)鍵及保障條件項(xiàng)目技術(shù)關(guān)鍵是確保牛健康生長(zhǎng)和配種繁殖的提高，因此為避免疫病造成的死亡，由保險(xiǎn)公司對(duì)牛的疫病死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行承保，在進(jìn)行常規(guī)疾病防治的同時(shí)，重點(diǎn)做好產(chǎn)科疾病的防治，做好發(fā)情鑒定，配種前做好牛體衛(wèi)生和精子活率的檢查，選擇精子在0.7以上的精液進(jìn)行輸配，提高基礎(chǔ)母牛的配種的受胎率。第三節(jié)、項(xiàng)目技術(shù)先進(jìn)性評(píng)價(jià)利用雜交優(yōu)勢(shì)進(jìn)行肉牛生產(chǎn)是現(xiàn)階段國(guó)內(nèi)、國(guó)

43、際肉牛產(chǎn)業(yè)較為先進(jìn)的生產(chǎn)方式，所采取的技術(shù)措施：人工冷凍輸配和配合飼料育肥生產(chǎn)是現(xiàn)代先進(jìn)的畜牧科技手段。第五章 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)地選擇及主要工程設(shè)計(jì)第一節(jié)、 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)地及條件評(píng)價(jià)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施地獨(dú)山縣羊鳳鄉(xiāng)，位于縣城西南，距縣城10km，地處107025 107030，北緯25044 25053 之間，海拔1268.5米,全鄉(xiāng)14860人,少數(shù)民族占55%,總面積120.09平方公里,轄11個(gè)行政村,94個(gè)村民小組。1、 資源條件：全鄉(xiāng)耕地面積10771.39畝,其中旱地2626畝,水田8145.39畝,可開 發(fā)利用荒山草坡面積3萬多畝,土質(zhì)為壤土,保水、保肥性能較好。2、 氣候條件：年平均氣溫14.6,極

44、端最高氣溫35,極端最低氣溫0,年平均降雨量1330mm,無霜期270天,適宜各種農(nóng)作物和家畜的生長(zhǎng)繁殖。3、 交通條件：冊(cè)三公路貫穿全鄉(xiāng)，村組之間有鄉(xiāng)村公路互連，交通條件較為便利，有利于產(chǎn)品的運(yùn)輸。4、 電力通迅：全鄉(xiāng)村村通電，屬國(guó)家電網(wǎng)供電，2002年以來已基本開通程控電話和移動(dòng)通訊。5、 社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件：全鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)以農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)為主，商品化程度不高。2002年全鄉(xiāng)人均收入1100元，基中畜牧業(yè)收入占27%。6、 擬選址地點(diǎn)：項(xiàng)目選擇在羊鳳鄉(xiāng)麻納村，有7個(gè)村民組1008人，全村具有可開發(fā)利用的土地3000畝，位于冊(cè)三公路旁，交通便利，通訊條件好，有利于建設(shè)肉牛產(chǎn)業(yè)集約化、商品化生產(chǎn)，形成獨(dú)山縣肉

45、牛養(yǎng)殖示范園區(qū)。第二節(jié)、 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)主要工程設(shè)計(jì)一、 肉牛繁殖示范戶，每戶種植5畝皇草，養(yǎng)殖5頭基礎(chǔ)繁殖母牛，建設(shè)8立方米青貯窖4個(gè)，42平方米的圈舍，內(nèi)設(shè)料槽、牛欄、牛床和排糞溝。1、 圈舍：長(zhǎng)12米，高3米，寬3.5米，雙坡式屋頂，半開放式牛舍，地面有斜坡,防滑的水泥地面建筑。2、 水料槽：建在牛舍內(nèi)牛床前面，高出牛床10厘米，建設(shè)“u”型結(jié)構(gòu),前壁高30厘米,后壁高60厘米,上口內(nèi)寬60厘米,下底內(nèi)寬40厘米,斜向一方,斜坡有利于水料沖洗,前壁用鐵管埋欄。3、 牛床：每頭牛床長(zhǎng)1.8米，寬1.2米，防滑，向后斜。4、 排糞溝：內(nèi)寬40厘米，深15厘米，斜向一方以利清掃。5、 給飼道：水料槽

46、前寬1米，水泥地面。6、 青貯窖：倒圓臺(tái)型，出料口80厘米，下底半徑1米，上口半徑1.2，高2米，水泥清光。7、 皇草飼料栽培：每畝栽培皇草1500株，施足底肥3000kg農(nóng)家肥，株行距50×50厘米。8、 運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)：每戶100平方米。二、 育肥場(chǎng)。占地面積2000平方米，建設(shè)辦公生活用房，飼料倉(cāng)庫(kù)和獸醫(yī)室200平方米，育肥牛圈舍建設(shè)930平方米。1、 辦公、生活、飼料獸醫(yī)室用房1幢，雙層，層高3.2米，長(zhǎng)20米，寬5米，上層為辦公生活用房，下層為飼料倉(cāng)庫(kù)和獸醫(yī)室用房，中間樓梯前面道，辦公生活用房5間80米，飼料用房32平方米，獸醫(yī)用房16平方米。2、 育肥牛圈舍，6棟，每棟長(zhǎng)25米，

47、寬6.2米，高3米，鐘樓式屋頂，封閉式建設(shè)，對(duì)頭雙列式牛床布置，中間給飼道，內(nèi)設(shè)牛床、牛欄、水槽、排糞溝。水料槽、排糞溝、給飼道同肉牛繁殖飼養(yǎng)戶建設(shè)，牛床，每頭長(zhǎng)1.6米，寬1米，牛舍1.2米窗臺(tái)，全透明采光。3、 水、電、路三通，場(chǎng)地平整，建設(shè)圍墻。第六章 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)內(nèi)容及規(guī)模一、 選擇基礎(chǔ)繁殖母牛飼養(yǎng)專業(yè)戶200戶。二、 飼養(yǎng)基礎(chǔ)繁殖母牛100頭（戶均飼養(yǎng)5頭）。三、 建設(shè)母牛干平圈840平方米（戶均42平方米）。四、 青貯窖建設(shè)6400立方米，每戶建設(shè)8立方米的青貯窖4個(gè)，共32立方米。五、 建植皇草飼料地1000畝，每戶栽種5畝。六、 育肥示范場(chǎng)建設(shè)。1、 場(chǎng)地平整2000m2；2、辦公

48、生活用房200m2；3、育肥牛圈舍建設(shè)930m2；4、圍墻建設(shè)200m；5、水、電架設(shè)500m；6、飼料攪拌機(jī)1臺(tái)；7、年育肥出欄肉牛400600頭。第七章 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)期及分期實(shí)施計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目建設(shè)期為二年：第一階段：宣傳發(fā)動(dòng)。在麻納村選擇落實(shí)基礎(chǔ)母牛飼養(yǎng)專業(yè)戶，由農(nóng)戶自愿申請(qǐng)從事繁殖母牛養(yǎng)殖。第二階段：技術(shù)培訓(xùn)。由技術(shù)部門完成，對(duì)選擇從事繁殖母牛養(yǎng)殖專業(yè)戶進(jìn)行母牛養(yǎng)殖技術(shù)培訓(xùn)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)技術(shù)培訓(xùn)。第三階段：基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。專業(yè)戶按技術(shù)要求完成母牛養(yǎng)殖圈舍、青貯窖建設(shè)，配置牧草切割機(jī)。第四階段：牧草飼料地建設(shè)。專業(yè)戶按技術(shù)要求栽培高產(chǎn)飼料，栽種皇草，每戶種植5畝。第五階段：基礎(chǔ)繁殖母牛配置。第六階段：

49、育肥示范場(chǎng)選址建設(shè)。第七階段：項(xiàng)目生產(chǎn)管理。制定疫病防治制度、繁殖、育肥計(jì)劃，建立疫病死亡保險(xiǎn)，鑒定技術(shù)服務(wù)合同。第八章 項(xiàng)目投資概算及資金籌措一、 投資概算450萬元（一）、母牛養(yǎng)殖專業(yè)戶投資概算 311.2萬元1、 基礎(chǔ)建設(shè) 61.2萬元(1) 繁殖母牛圈舍200戶×42m2×50元/m342萬元(2) 青貯窖200戶×4個(gè)×8m3×30元/m319.2萬元2、 牧草切割機(jī)200臺(tái)×500元/臺(tái)10萬元3、 牧草飼料地建植(1)皇草 1000畝×1500株/畝×0.2元/株30萬元(2)基肥 1000畝

50、5;3000公斤/畝×0.05元/公斤15萬元（自籌）4、 基礎(chǔ)繁殖母牛1000頭×1600元/頭160萬元5、 母牛保險(xiǎn)1000頭×150元/頭15萬元（自籌）6、 獸醫(yī)防治1000頭×100元/頭10萬元（自籌）7、 配種1000頭×100元/頭10萬元（自籌）二、 育肥場(chǎng)建設(shè)138.8萬元(一) 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)43.5萬元1、 工作用房200平方米×320元/平方米6.4萬元2、 育肥圈舍930平方米×200元/平方米18.6萬元3、 電力安裝 10萬元4、 飲水設(shè)施 5萬元5、 圍墻 200平方米×50元/平

51、方米1萬元6、 場(chǎng)地平整100平方米×20元/平方米2萬元7、 飼料攪拌機(jī)1臺(tái) 0.5萬元(二) 肉牛周轉(zhuǎn)金300頭×1200元/頭36萬元(三) 飼料周轉(zhuǎn)金48.6萬元1、 飼草：300頭×30kg/天×180天×0.05元/kg16.2萬元2、 精飼料:300頭×5kg×180天×1.2/kg32.4萬元(四) 獸醫(yī)防治300頭×10元/頭.年0.3萬元(五) 水電費(fèi) 3.5萬元(六) 人員工資6人×6000元/年.人3.6萬元(七) 其它費(fèi)用 3.3萬元三、 資金籌措項(xiàng)目投資450萬元，申

52、請(qǐng)項(xiàng)目專項(xiàng)資金400萬元，用于基礎(chǔ)母牛購(gòu)置和育肥牛周轉(zhuǎn)金，農(nóng)戶自籌資金50萬元,補(bǔ)助基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),牧草地建植購(gòu)苗、場(chǎng)部建設(shè),飼料周轉(zhuǎn),獸醫(yī)水電費(fèi)和人員工資,用于保險(xiǎn)、配種和獸醫(yī)防治，草地建植,（見可行性報(bào)告附表一、表二）第九章 項(xiàng)目投資效益評(píng)價(jià)第一節(jié)、 項(xiàng)目財(cái)務(wù)效益分析項(xiàng)目建成后，年出售肉牛600頭，項(xiàng)目專業(yè)戶第38年，戶均實(shí)現(xiàn)利潤(rùn)2300元以上，第九年后，戶均3800元以上。育肥出售后，年上交利稅18萬元，項(xiàng)目財(cái)務(wù)凈現(xiàn)值55.12萬元,內(nèi)部收益率19%,投資回收期9年(見可行性報(bào)告附表五、六、七)。第二節(jié)、 項(xiàng)目社會(huì)效益、生態(tài)效益綜合評(píng)價(jià)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施后，農(nóng)戶通過參加項(xiàng)目生產(chǎn)，增加了社會(huì)產(chǎn)品，收入

53、和生活水平有所提高，物質(zhì)和文化生活得以改善，達(dá)到農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的目的。以“場(chǎng)+農(nóng)戶”的方式建立獨(dú)山肉牛養(yǎng)殖示范園區(qū)。項(xiàng)目實(shí)施中，以栽種皇草進(jìn)行肉牛養(yǎng)殖?；什菔欠郎彻掏恋娘暳献魑铮哂斜３炙恋墓π?。通過皇草進(jìn)行養(yǎng)牛，牛糞培植皇草，建立良性生態(tài)循環(huán)，符合國(guó)家環(huán)保政策，以此拉開獨(dú)山肉牛產(chǎn)業(yè)化的序幕，建設(shè)相應(yīng)的肉牛加工廠、骨粉廠、食品廠等，使肉牛產(chǎn)業(yè)系列化，形成我縣新的財(cái)稅之源，更好地增加社會(huì)就業(yè)面。第十章 項(xiàng)目投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析項(xiàng)目投資當(dāng)成不變，收入下降10%時(shí)，項(xiàng)目財(cái)務(wù)凈現(xiàn)值為42.3萬元,內(nèi)部收益率為15.2%,當(dāng)收入不變,成本上升10%時(shí),財(cái)務(wù)凈現(xiàn)值為48.5萬元,內(nèi)部收益率為17%。兩種情況下

54、內(nèi)部收益率均高于基本成本6%的10個(gè)百分點(diǎn)以上，因此肉牛養(yǎng)殖項(xiàng)目不會(huì)出現(xiàn)虧損（見可行性報(bào)告表八）。第十一章 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施組織與管理第一節(jié)、 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)實(shí)施管理方案1、 建立項(xiàng)目實(shí)施領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組，協(xié)調(diào)示范場(chǎng)進(jìn)行選擇肉牛養(yǎng)殖飼養(yǎng)戶和選點(diǎn)建設(shè)育肥場(chǎng)。2、 確定人員、負(fù)責(zé)專業(yè)戶的選建工作。3、 責(zé)任承包，按技術(shù)指標(biāo)建植皇草飼料地，根據(jù)圖紙建設(shè)青貯窖，按技術(shù)要求完成圈舍改造。4、 選擇技術(shù)人員，根據(jù)技術(shù)指標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)育肥場(chǎng)建設(shè)圖紙，選定施工人員按合同要求進(jìn)行建設(shè)。5、 選擇專業(yè)技術(shù)人員，負(fù)責(zé)基礎(chǔ)母牛的購(gòu)進(jìn)，每選購(gòu)一頭，統(tǒng)一編號(hào)，專業(yè)戶上交保險(xiǎn)時(shí)，三人聯(lián)保，憑保單發(fā)貸。6、 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施村一律不得留喂未經(jīng)去勢(shì)的公牛。7、 按

55、項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)方案，落實(shí)人員，分工明確，責(zé)任到人，分解任務(wù)，在項(xiàng)目實(shí)施的不同階段進(jìn)行考核。第二節(jié)、 項(xiàng)目建運(yùn)行管理方案公司與專業(yè)戶和技術(shù)部門之間簽定合同進(jìn)行管理。1、公司與技術(shù)部門有關(guān)技術(shù)人員鑒定人工冷凍輸配和獸醫(yī)技術(shù)服務(wù)合同。項(xiàng)目實(shí)施后，由公司與當(dāng)?shù)嘏８狞c(diǎn)人員按生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指標(biāo)鑒定，輸配品種必須系譜明確，建立檔案。2、簽定肉?；厥蘸贤?。農(nóng)戶以肉牛還貸，按市場(chǎng)價(jià)回收，輸精人員向?qū)I(yè)戶輸精時(shí)，每檢查配種一頭母牛，與專業(yè)戶簽定一份肉?；厥蘸贤辖皇痉秷?chǎng)。3、 每年示范組織專業(yè)戶進(jìn)行一次養(yǎng)牛技術(shù)培訓(xùn)。4、 專業(yè)戶每10戶一組，每組選一人負(fù)責(zé)，每月填報(bào)母牛養(yǎng)殖動(dòng)態(tài)表上交場(chǎng)部。5、 育肥場(chǎng)建立規(guī)章制度，制定崗位責(zé)任。6、 項(xiàng)目專業(yè)戶向示范場(chǎng)交售周歲肉牛時(shí)，同時(shí)