四級英語寫作課件-12.17

1、四級考試作文講解作文種類 一、命題作文 二、圖表作文1. 餅圖2. 柱形圖3. 曲線圖4. 表格圖 三、圖表作文常用詞匯 四、圖表作文常用句型一一. 作文得分技巧作文得分技巧：1、 卷面整潔，書寫清楚卷面整潔，書寫清楚 2、 構(gòu)思簡單，少犯錯誤構(gòu)思簡單，少犯錯誤3、 中心突出，層次分明中心突出，層次分明4、 固定經(jīng)典，名言注目固定經(jīng)典，名言注目5、 重在變化，寧簡勿濫重在變化，寧簡勿濫 二二. . 寫作的寫作的“七項基本原則七項基本原則” ” 一）一） 長短句原則長短句原則 :在文章第一段（開頭）用一長一短，且先長后短Asacreature,Ieat;asaman,Iread.Although

2、oneactionistomeettheprimaryneedofmybodyandtheotheristosatisfytheintellectualneedofmind,theyareinawayquitesimilar.二）二） 主主 題題 句原則句原則: 要寫一個主題句，放在文章的開頭或者結(jié)尾，讓人一目了然， 比較保險。Tobeginwith,youmustworkhardatyourlessonsandbefullypreparedbeforetheexam.Withoutsufficientpreparation,youcanhardlyexpecttoanswerallthequ

3、estionscorrectly.三）三） 三段式原則三段式原則 考官們看文章必然要通過關(guān)鍵性的“標簽”來判定你的文章是否結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，條理自然。 四）四） 短語優(yōu)先原則短語優(yōu)先原則 1）用短語會使文章增加亮點 2）關(guān)鍵時刻思維短路，湊字數(shù) I cannot bear it.=I cannot put up with it. I want it.=I am looking forward to it. 五）五）多實少虛原則（詞匯的運用和替換）多實少虛原則（詞匯的運用和替換）正確使用的情況下使詞義更生動豐富，正確使用的情況下使詞義更生動豐富，少用常見詞，口語化詞匯（少用常見詞，口語化詞匯（crazy

4、,mad：insane）走出房間，一般的詞是：walkoutoftheroom但是小偷走出房間應(yīng)該說：slipoutoftheroom姑娘走出房間應(yīng)該說：sailoutoftheroom小孩走出房間應(yīng)該說：danceoutoftheroom老人走出房間應(yīng)該說：staggeroutoftheroomsmile (微笑) laugh (大笑) grin (露齒而笑) chuckle (暗笑) giggle (咯咯地笑) snicker (竊笑) guffaw (狂笑) roar (哄笑) chortle (歡笑) deride (譏笑) mock (嘲弄) jeer (譏笑) jest (取笑)

5、smirk (得意地笑) 1.(people,persons)individuals,characters,folks2.(good)positive,favorable,rosy，promising，perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding,superior3.(bad)dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse,ill4.(some)asliceof,quietafew,several5.(inmyopinion)formypart,frommyownperspective6.(helpful)beneficial,rewa

6、rding7.(very)exceedingly,extremely,intensely8.(sb.beinterestedin)sthappealstosb,sthexertsatremendousfascinationonsb,take/suckin9.(anger)indignation,wrath,rage,fury10.(cause)giveriseto,leadto,resultin,trigger六）六） 關(guān)系詞選擇原則：關(guān)系詞選擇原則：正確使用選擇關(guān)系詞，使文章正確使用選擇關(guān)系詞，使文章邏輯性更強，聯(lián)系更加緊密邏輯性更強，聯(lián)系更加緊密 1）并列（串聯(lián)）并列（串聯(lián)） 可以在任何句

7、子之間加and I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar. 如果是二者并列的，我們可以not onlybut also： Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短語： besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover 2）轉(zhuǎn)折）轉(zhuǎn)折Thecarwasquiteold,yetitwasinexcellentcondition.Thecoatwasthin,butitwaswarm.更多的短語：despitethat,still,however

8、,nevertheless,inspiteof,despite,3）因果）因果then,therefore,consequently,accordingly,hence,asaresult,forthisreason,sothat,1.英語四級作文句型表示原因1)Therearethreereasonsforthis.2)Thereasonsforthisareasfollows.3)Thereasonforthisisobvious.4)Thereasonforthisisnotfartoseek.5)Thereasonforthisisthat.6)Wehavegoodreasontobe

9、lievethat. 2.英語四級作文句型表示好處1)Ithasthefollowingadvantages.2)Itdoesusalotofgood.3)Itbenefitsusquitealot.4)Itisbeneficialtous.5)Itisofgreatbenefittous. 其他其他句型句型3.英語四級作文句型表示壞處1)Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.2)Itdoesusmuchharm.3)Itisharmfultous.4.英語四級作文句型表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能1)Itisimportant(necessary，dif

10、ficult，convenient,possible)forsb.todosth.2)Wethinkitnecessarytodosth.3)Itplaysanimportantroleinourlife.5.表示措施1)Weshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasures.2)Weshouldtryourbesttoovercome(conquer)thedifficulties.3)Weshoulddoourutmostindoingsth.4)Weshouldsolvetheproblemsthatweareconfronted(faced)with.6.英語四級作文句型表

11、示變化1)Somechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyears.2)Agreatchangewillcertainlybeproducedintheworldscommunications.3)Thecomputerhasbroughtaboutmanychangesineducation.7.英語四級作文句型表示事實、現(xiàn)狀1)Wecannotignorethefactthat.2)Noonecandenythefactthat.3)Thereisnodenyingthefactthat.4)Thisisaphenomenonthatmanypeopleare

12、interestedin.5)However，thatsnotthecase.8.英語四級作文句型表示比較1)ComparedwithA，B.2)IprefertoreadratherthanwatchTV.3)Thereisastrikingcontrastbetweenthem.9.英語四級作文句型表示看法1)Peoplehave(take，adopt，assume)differentattitudestowardssth.2)Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.3)Peopletakedifferentviewsof(on)thequesti

13、on.4)Somepeoplebelievethat.Othersarguethat.10.英語四級作文句型表示結(jié)論1)Inshort，itcanbesaidthat.2)Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows.3)Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove，wecancometotheconclusionthat.11.英語四級作文句型套語1)Itswellknowntousthat.2)Asisknowntous，.3)Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedabout.4)Fromthegraph(table，char

14、t)listedabove，itcanbeseenthat.5)Asaproverbsays，Wherethereisawill，thereisaway. 七）七） 句式多變原則句式多變原則(簡單句，并列句，復雜句）簡單句，并列句，復雜句） 獨立主格獨立主格 The weather being fine, a large number of people we want to climb the Western Hills. Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of Chin

15、a. 定語從句定語從句主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句強調(diào)句，倒裝句強調(diào)句，倒裝句同位語同位語被動句被動句其他一些非謂語其他一些非謂語排比句，并列句，排比句，并列句，前提：前提：句子正確的情況下可使用復合句或其他復雜句，否則還是以簡單句為安全保險文章主體段落遵循的兩個方法：文章主體段落遵循的兩個方法： 一、舉實例一、舉實例 To take as an example, One example is, Another example is, for example 二、做比較二、做比較 相似的比較： in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same

16、manner 相反的比較： on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with , 常見寫作錯誤常見寫作錯誤一、主語錯誤一、主語錯誤 1. 主語缺失主語缺失In our country feels very free. People feel free in our country. 2. 非名詞主語非名詞主語1)Rich doesnt ensure a happy life. Being rich doesnt mea

17、n a happy life. Wealth doesnt ensure a happy life.2)Keep two full-time jobs is simply impossible. Keeping two full-time jobs is simply impossible. 3. 主謂錯位主謂錯位 1)Reading books can acquire knowledge. People can acquire knowledge from books.2)Now peoples lives cant leave TV. Now people cant do without

18、TV. 二、謂語錯誤二、謂語錯誤1. 多重謂語多重謂語1)In our modern society, there are many examples around us show that many people are cheated. In our modern society, many examples around us show that many people are cheated. 2)Poverty makes many people cant study abroad.Poverty makes many people unable to study abroad. P

19、overty makes it impossible for many people to study abroad. Poverty prevents many people from studying abroad.Many people cant study abroad because of poverty.2.非動詞謂語非動詞謂語1)Somepeoplefirmlyagree,butothersagainstit.Somepeoplefirmlyagree,butothersareagainstit.2)Itissaidthattheplaceworthstouring.Itissa

20、idthattheplaceisworthtouring.3.主謂不一致主謂不一致1)IhavetovisittheteacherwhoteachmeCollegeEnglish.IhavetovisittheteacherwhoteachesmeCollegeEnglish.2)Iuseadiskbecauseitholdplentyofdata.Iuseadiskbecauseitholdsplentyofdata.4.時態(tài)不一致Nowadays，doingexerciseswerebecomingverypopular.5. 5. 誤用詞組誤用詞組1)Theyinsistonpost-g

21、raduatestudyisveryimportantforthem.Theyinsistthatpost-graduatestudyisveryimportantforthem.Weshouldpayattentiononthecreativelearning.Weshouldpayattentiontothecreativelearning.三、冠詞錯誤三、冠詞錯誤1)Inmyopinion,thefutureofbicycleisverypromising.Inmyopinion,thefutureofthebicycleisverypromising.2)Theysuggestthat

22、weshouldchooseonlythegoodbookstoreadandnevertouchthebadones.Theysuggestthatweshouldchooseonlygoodbookstoreadandnevertouchbadones.四、代詞錯誤四、代詞錯誤1. 偷梁換柱 If we cheat others, friends will never believe you and they will leave you alone.If we cheat others, friends will never believe us and they will leave

23、us along. If you cheat others, friends will never believe you and they will leave you alone.2. 指代不明 2)Sometimes teachers have to inform the students of the heavy burden they have to bear. Sometimes teachers have to inform the students of the heavy burden students have to bear.五、形容詞、副詞錯誤五、形容詞、副詞錯誤Sur

24、prisingenough,hefacesthefailureverybravely.Surprisinglyenough,hefacesthefailureverybravely.六、分詞誤用六、分詞誤用1) Comparing with other countries, China pays little attention to the energy problem.Compared with other countries, China pays little attention to the energy problem.2) Those spirits were just like

25、 an indispensable part of the whole picture when viewing through my camera.Those spirits were just like an indispensable part of the whole picture when viewed through my camera.七、修飾語誤置七、修飾語誤置SpokenEnglishisanimportantpartforlearningEnglishpeople.SpokenEnglishisanimportantpartforpeoplelearningEnglish

26、.八、垂懸修飾語八、垂懸修飾語1)Havingcarriedouteconomicreformsinourcountry,peopleslivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved.Havingcarriedouteconomicreformsinourcountry,peoplehavegreatlyimprovedtheirlivingstandard.2)Totellmyfriendthegoodnews,theletterwaspostedatonce.Totellmyfriendthegoodnews,Ipostedtheletteratonce.十、搭配

27、錯誤十、搭配錯誤1)Inthepastthepriceofmeatwassoexpensivethatmostfamiliescouldnotaffordit.Inthepastthepriceofmeatwassohighthatmostfamiliescouldnotaffordit.2)Crowdedtrafficinsomelargecitiesisabigproblemforcitydwellers.Heavytrafficinsomelargecitiesisabigproblemforcitydwellers.十一、破句十一、破句1)Nowadays,ifyouwanttofin

28、dajob.Thenyoumustpassthejobinterview.Nowadays,ifyouwanttofindajob,youmustpassthejobinterview.2)Firstyoushouldshowgoodmanners.Becausethefirstimpressionyouleaveonothersisimportant.Firstyoushouldshowgoodmanners,becausethefirstimpressionyouleaveonothersisimportant提綱式作文提綱式作文說明利弊題型說明利弊題型這種題型往往要求先說明一下現(xiàn)狀，再對

29、比事物本身的利弊，有時也會單從一個角度（利或弊）出發(fā)，最后往往要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度（或?qū)κ挛锴熬疤岢鲱A測）1說明事物現(xiàn)狀2事物本身的優(yōu)缺點（或一方面）3你對現(xiàn)狀（或前景）的看法1.現(xiàn)在越來越多的中國人開始慶祝西方的節(jié)日，如圣誕節(jié)，情人節(jié)等。2.有人認為這有利于文化的交流，有人則擔心這會導致傳統(tǒng)文化的喪失3.在我看來Nowadays_(現(xiàn)象）.Then,whetherweshould_(遵循/摒棄這種現(xiàn)象）hasbecomeaissueofdiscussion.SomepeoplepreferAbecauseithasasignificantroleinourdailylife.General

30、ly,itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows.First_（的優(yōu)點之一）.Besides_（的優(yōu)點之二）.Buteverycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.Oneoftheimportantdisadvantagesisthat_（的第一個缺點）Tomakemattersworse,_（的第二個缺點）Throughtheaboveanalysis,Ibelievethatthepositiveaspectsoverweighthenegativeones.Therefore,Iwouldliketo_（我

31、的看法）（FromthecomparisonbetweenthesepositiveandnegativeeffectsofA,weshouldtakeitreasonablyanddoitaccordingtothecircumstanceswearein.Onlybythisway,_（對前景的預測）十二句作文法十二句作文法寫作模板寫作模板 現(xiàn)象解釋型現(xiàn)象解釋型 問題解決型問題解決型 對比選擇型對比選擇型現(xiàn)象解釋型這類命題要求考生對某一社會現(xiàn)象進行解這類命題要求考生對某一社會現(xiàn)象進行解釋釋, 并加以評論。并加以評論。特點：特點：第一段：描述現(xiàn)象；第一段：描述現(xiàn)象；第二段：分析或闡述這種現(xiàn)象

32、或存在的原第二段：分析或闡述這種現(xiàn)象或存在的原因；因；第三段：提出建議或總結(jié)觀點。第三段：提出建議或總結(jié)觀點?，F(xiàn)象解釋型模板首段（描述現(xiàn)象首段（描述現(xiàn)象A） Nowadays, with the reform of （現(xiàn)象的背景）（現(xiàn)象的背景）, （描述現(xiàn)象）（描述現(xiàn)象） . This phenomenon has been brought into public focus and called for further concern.1) Be brought into public focus ：引起人們的關(guān)注 2） call for 要求、需要現(xiàn)象解釋型模板首段（描述現(xiàn)象首段（描述現(xiàn)象

33、 B） In recent years, wherever you go, （描述現(xiàn)（描述現(xiàn)象）象） . This issue has aroused the greatest concern.Arouse the greatest concern: 引起極大關(guān)注現(xiàn)象解釋型模板首段（描述現(xiàn)象首段（描述現(xiàn)象C） Currently, along with the advance of the society, an important issue that （描述現(xiàn)象）（描述現(xiàn)象） is brought to our attention. Consequently, （概況描述現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生（概況描述

34、現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果）的結(jié)果）.Be brought to our attention:引起了我們的注意現(xiàn)象解釋型模板中間段（分析現(xiàn)象中間段（分析現(xiàn)象 A） Just as what has happened to anything in the world, many factors lead to On one hand, . _. On the other hand， . . Whats more， . _. Our list of contributors could go on, but the foregoing ones are already enough to give us a

35、deep insight into the phenomenon本模板第本模板第3句的空格中應(yīng)該填上某個需要解釋的現(xiàn)句的空格中應(yīng)該填上某個需要解釋的現(xiàn)象或事件，第象或事件，第4句提出原因句提出原因I，第，第6句提出原因句提出原因，第第8句提出原因句提出原因，第，第5、第、第7和第和第9句對這句對這3個原因個原因進行了進一步論述。進行了進一步論述。1) Give sb a deep insight into :使、對、有了深入解； 2)foregoing：前面提到的（above-mentioned） 3) contributor :促成因素，貢獻者現(xiàn)象解釋型模板中間中間段（分析現(xiàn)象段（分析現(xiàn)象

36、B） A number of factors could account for the phenomenon, but the following are the most critical ones. First of all, （原因一）（原因一）. Whats more, （原因二）（原因二）. In addition, （原因（原因三）三）.Account for 解釋現(xiàn)象解釋型模板結(jié)尾段（作者看法結(jié)尾段（作者看法+前景展望前景展望 A） As far as I am concerned, （作者對現(xiàn)象的看法）There is still a long way for us to （

37、促進或限制現(xiàn)象）, but as a student myself, I find it rewarding and interesting.Rewarding: 有報酬的、值得做的現(xiàn)象解釋型模板結(jié)尾段（現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果結(jié)尾段（現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果 B） This issue may lead to a number of unfavorable consequences, with the following two the most serious. For one thing, （后果一）. For another, （后果二）. The awareness of the importance

38、of this issue should be enhanced and some proper measures should be taken. It is reasonable for us to believe that the situation will be improved in the near future. 具體句子數(shù)量可根據(jù)實際需要調(diào)整。具體句子數(shù)量可根據(jù)實際需要調(diào)整。范文模板應(yīng)用 2007年年12月英語四級作文題目及范文月英語四級作文題目及范文What Electives to Choose1、各大學開設(shè)了各種各樣的選修課、各大學開設(shè)了各種各樣的選修課2、學生因為各種

39、原因選擇了不同的選修課、學生因為各種原因選擇了不同的選修課3、以你自己為例、以你自己為例范文模板應(yīng)用 2010年年6月英語四級作文題目及范文月英語四級作文題目及范文Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling1.如今不少學生在英語學習中不重視拼寫如今不少學生在英語學習中不重視拼寫2.出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因3.這種現(xiàn)象導致的結(jié)果這種現(xiàn)象導致的結(jié)果問題解決型這類命題通常首先提出一個有待解決的問題，然這類命題通常首先提出一個有待解決的問題，然后要求考生就該問題提出解決方法、途徑，有時還要后要求考生就該問題提出解決方法、途徑，有時還要求考生最后談?wù)撨m

40、合自己的方法。求考生最后談?wù)撨m合自己的方法。特點：特點：第一段：提出問題或闡述某件事情的重要性或意義；第一段：提出問題或闡述某件事情的重要性或意義；第二段：列舉說明處理某事的方式或解決某個問題的途第二段：列舉說明處理某事的方式或解決某個問題的途徑；徑；第三段：針對第二段所闡述的方法給予簡要的評論，也第三段：針對第二段所闡述的方法給予簡要的評論，也可提出個人建議或選擇，并闡述理由?？商岢鰝€人建議或選擇，并闡述理由。此題型的寫作重點在此題型的寫作重點在How，即解決問題的辦法。，即解決問題的辦法。問題解決型模板首段（提出問題首段（提出問題 A） Nowadays, with the rapid e

41、conomical development and intense competition, people are attaching more and more importance to （g提出問提出問題）題）。 So it is of great importance for us to （關(guān)注關(guān)注問題的要性）問題的要性）. On one hand, （問題后果一）（問題后果一）.On the other hand, （問題的后果二）（問題的后果二）. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solv

42、e this problem. 1) Attach importance to 重視 = place importance on 2) spare no efforts to 竭盡全力、努力去做 3）take some measure to 采取措辭問題解決型模板首段（提出問題首段（提出問題 B） Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that（提出問題）（提出問題）。It is of great significanc

43、e that （解決問題很必要）解決問題很必要）. On one hand, （解決問題的必要性一）（解決問題的必要性一）.On the other hand, （解決（解決問題的必要性一）問題的必要性一）. Accordingly, how to solve the problem becomes the top priority for us. Top priority :應(yīng)予最優(yōu)先考慮的事 中間中間段（解決問題的辦法段（解決問題的辦法 A） There are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all

44、, (途徑一途徑一). In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is (途徑二途徑二).問題解決型模板1) steps=measures 2) undo=solve3) Contribute to 有助于中間中間段（解決問題的辦法段（解決問題的辦法 B）Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem, but the following ones may be the most effective. First of all,

45、 . Another way to solve the problem is . Finally, . These are not the best and the only two/three measures we can take, but it should be noted that _.本模版中第本模版中第6句為主題句，第句為主題句，第7、8和和9句提供句提供3個個途徑，第途徑，第10句為結(jié)論。句為結(jié)論。問題解決型模板結(jié)尾段（總結(jié)結(jié)尾段（總結(jié)+個人選擇個人選擇+前景展望）前景展望） In fact, more than three ways can be adopted to so

46、lve the problem of (具體問題具體問題), As for me, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, （方法）方法）. Anyway, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us when all of us make joint efforts to solve this problem. 問題解決型模板Make joint efforts to 共同努力做、范文模板應(yīng)用 2000年年1月大學英語四級作文題目及范文月大學英語四級

47、作文題目及范文How I Finance My College Education 1.上大學的費用（上大學的費用（tuition and fees）可以通過多種渠道）可以通過多種渠道解決解決2.哪種渠道適合于我（說明理由）哪種渠道適合于我（說明理由）對比選擇型 對比/比較分析或觀點對比類型作文 通過對兩種不同事物進行比較和對比，找出它們之間的相同之處或不同之處，最后得出結(jié)論；也可對同種事物的正反、利弊、優(yōu)劣、積極和消極兩方面進行比較，最后得出結(jié)論。 下面是1995-2009年四級作文中出現(xiàn)的此類型題目： 2008年6月英語四級作文及范文 1. 有人認為網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以讓學習、工作更有效率 2. 還有

48、人認為網(wǎng)絡(luò)讓青少年沉迷，進而影響學習 3. 你對于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的看法 2006年12月英語四級作文 1、許多人喜歡看cctv 春節(jié)晚會； 2、但有的人認為應(yīng)該取消； 3、你的看法 1999年6月大學英語四級作文題目 1. 有人認為讀書要有選擇 2. 有人認為應(yīng)當博覽群書 3. 我的看法 1996年1月大學英語四級作文題目 1. 雙休日給大學生帶來的好處。 2. 雙休日可能給大學生帶來的問題。 3. 我應(yīng)當怎樣過好雙休日。 1995年1月大學英語四級作文題目 1.有人認為金錢是幸福之本(source of happiness) 2.也有人認為金錢是萬惡之源(root of all evil) 3.我的看

49、法作文模板 1.有人認為x是好事，贊成x，為什么？ 2.有人認為x是壞事，反對x，為什么？ 3.我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing x. They point out the fact支持x的第一個原因。They also argue that支持x的另一個原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do x. They firmly point out that反對x的第一個原因。An example c

50、an give the details of this argument:一個例子。Stand on a different ground：持不同觀點 There is some truth in both arguments. But in my opinion, the advantages of x outweigh its disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about X的一個壞處?；旌闲?所謂結(jié)合型就是把以上三種中的兩種類型巧妙結(jié)合，以考察學生的應(yīng)變能力。

51、 例如：現(xiàn)象解釋型現(xiàn)象解釋型+問題解決型問題解決型:1996年年6月大學英語四級月大學英語四級作文題目及范文作文題目及范文 Global Shortage of Fresh Water 1. 人們以為淡水是取之不盡的人們以為淡水是取之不盡的(提示：雨水、河提示：雨水、河水、井水水、井水.) 2. 實際上淡水是非常緊缺的實際上淡水是非常緊缺的(提示：人口增加，提示：人口增加，工業(yè)用水增加，污染工業(yè)用水增加，污染.) 3. 我們應(yīng)該怎么辦我們應(yīng)該怎么辦 問題解決型問題解決型+觀點對比型觀點對比型 2009年年6月英語四級作文題目及范文月英語四級作文題目及范文 Free admission to m

52、useums 1. 越來越多的博物館免費開放的目的是什么? 2. 也會帶來一些問題 3. 你的看法二、圖作文之圓形餅狀圖（pie charts） The pie charts show changes in American spending patterns between 1966 and 1996 如何描述下面圖形中數(shù)據(jù)的變化？如何描述下面圖形中數(shù)據(jù)的變化？圖表作文 2.bar chart 柱狀圖圖表作文3.line chart 線形圖圖表作文 4.table 表格英語中常用來表達趨勢的詞匯： 表示上升趨勢：表示上升趨勢：an increase增加, a rise提高, a climb爬

53、升, a jump上升, a growth增長; to increase增加, to rise提高, to climb爬升, to jump上升, to grow增長, to reach升至, to go up上升。表示急劇上升的動詞 jump/ shoot up/ surge/ soar 表示下降趨勢表示下降趨勢：a fall下降, a drop跌落, a decline下跌, a decrease減少; to fall下降, to drop跌落, to decline下跌, a decrease減少, to go down下降, to bottom out降至最低點, to slow do

54、wn減速, to decelerate減速。(表示急劇下降的動詞plummet/ plunge)表示穩(wěn)定：表示穩(wěn)定：to remain (stable,stabilize )保持，不變，穩(wěn)定，維持; to stand at不變，穩(wěn)定，維持; to level out (off), reach a plateau平衡，穩(wěn)定。 表示波動的詞 fluctuate /fluctuations rebound wave 持續(xù)變化的持續(xù)變化的data在不同情況下在不同情況下. 增加：increase / rise / go up 減少：decrease / grow down / drop /fall 波

55、動：fluctuate / rebound / wave 穩(wěn)定：remain stable 改變：change表示變化的程度詞 rapid/rapidly迅速的，飛快的，險峻的 dramatic/dramatically戲劇性的，生動的 significant/significantly有意義的，重大的，重要的 sharp/sharply銳利的，明顯的，急劇的 steep/steeply急劇升降的 steady/steadily穩(wěn)固的，堅定不移的 gradual/gradually漸進的，逐漸的 slow/slowly緩慢的，不活躍的 slight/slightly輕微的、略微地 stable

56、/stably穩(wěn)定的 gentle / gently慢慢的 moderate 適中的 表示到達最高點的 peak at/ reach the peak at/ reach the highest point at Unemployment peaked at 8.1% in June. 表達到達最低點 reach the bottom at/ reach the lowest point at 由組成 be composed of/ consist of/ be comprised of 表達到達多少數(shù)量的reach/ arrive at/ stand atThe number of empl

57、oyees in our company reaches 5,000. 表示占多少 count for/ account for/ make up/ represent/ occupy/ constitute The proportion of the unemployed accounts for 43% of the total. 表示大約的詞 about/ roughly/ around/ approximately There were approximately fifty people there. 表示分別的副詞 respectively The number of boys a

58、nd girls in my class is 20 and 30 respectively. 表示類比: similarly/ likewise Similarly/Likewise, the population of the United States showed an upward trend during the period. 表示對比 In comparison/ In contrast/ while/ whereas /compared with The number of fish decreased rapidly during the period. In compar

59、ison, there existed a sharp increase in the number of fishing boats.圖表作文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 采用三段式的謀篇方式 第一段：描述圖表 第二段：分析原因 第三段：提出建議 第一段：說明圖表第一段：說明圖表 (開篇句開篇句)： As the _ shows, _主題_ has greatly/sharply/dramatically changed during the years of _ to _.或者 It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of _

60、主題_ has undergone dramatic changes during the years of _ to _.或者 The table shows _主題_has greatly changed during the years of _ to _. Obviously,_havedeclinedgreatlyinimportance,while_havebeengainingpopularity.（緊接著闡述圖表中反映的現(xiàn)象變化，這里是說買書的比例在變，那么闡述出比例是如何在變，有可能是一個事物在變，有可能是幾個事物在變，用關(guān)系詞表示出這些變化） 第二段：解釋圖表變化原因第二段