第二講代詞-教師版

1、 精品專題課程 初中英語第 二 講 代詞一 考 情 分 析中考分值代詞是中考的必考點，一般分值在2分左右，占的比率在2左右?？疾榉绞竭@部分考查的重點一般有：不定代詞、反身代詞及疑問代詞的使用及其他代詞的靈活運用；作文中對代詞的正確運用等。二 知 識 回 顧1代詞的含義及類別。2常見代詞的基本用法。（一） 人稱代詞1.人稱代詞的人稱、數(shù)和 格 ， 如下表所示。 第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱主格賓格主格賓格主格賓格單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)2.人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格作 主語，賓格作賓語。如： _I_ like table tennis. （作 主語）Do you know _him_? （作賓語）3.人稱代

2、詞還可作表語。作表語時用賓格。如：-Who is knocking at the door?-Its _me_.4.人稱代詞在than之后與其他人或事物進(jìn)行比較時，用主格和賓格都可以。如：He is older than _me_.He is older than _I_ am.（二） 物主代詞1.表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞，如下表所示。 人稱形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞單數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱2. 形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，可在句中作定語。例如： _Our_ teacher is coming to s

3、ee us. This is _my_ pencil-box.3. 名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語和表語。 Our school is here, and _theirs_ is there.（作主語） - Is this English-book _yours_? （作表語） - No. Mine is in my bag. Ive already finished my homework. Have you finished _yours_? （作賓語）（三） 指示代詞 指示代詞包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用來指

4、在時間或空間上較近的事物或人，that和those則指時間和空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物或人，例如： _This_ is a pen and _that_ _is a pencil We are busy _these_ days In _those_ days the workers had a hard time2. 有時that和those指前面講到過的事物，this 和these則是指下面將要講 到的事物，例如： I had a cold. _That_s why I didnt come. What I want to say is _this_ ; pronunciation is very

5、important in learning English3. 有時為了避免重復(fù)提到的名詞，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as _those_ made in Shanghai 4. this 在電話用語中代表自己，that 則代表對方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is _that_ _Jack speaking?（四）反身代詞 英語中用來表示我自己，你自己，他自己，我們自己，你們自己等意義的代詞稱為反身代詞，也有人稱之為自身代名詞，其形式如表所示。第一人稱第二人稱

6、第三人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 反身代詞可以在句中作賓語，表語，同位語。 1. 作賓語，表示動作的承受者就是動作的發(fā)出者，主語和賓語指同一個人或一些人。 He called _himself_ _a writer Would you please express _yourself_ in English?2. 作表語。 It doesnt matterIll be _myself_ _soon The girl in the news is _herself_ 3. 作 主語或賓語的同位語，表示親自或本人。 I _myself _washed the clothes（=I washed the cloth

7、es _myself_.）（作 主語同位語） You should ask the teacher _yourself_（作賓語同位語）（五）不定代詞 不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞，在句中可作主語、表語、賓語和定語。（見重難點突破）（六） 相互代詞 表示相互關(guān)系的代詞叫做相互代詞。相互代詞有each other 和one another兩種形 式。在當(dāng)代英語中，each other和one another沒有什么區(qū)別。相互代詞可在句中作賓語，定語。作定語用時，相互代詞用所有格形式。 We should learn from each other / one another. （作

8、賓語） Do you often write to each other / one another? （作賓語） We often borrow each others / one anothers books. （作定語） The students corrected each others / one anothers mistakes in their homework. （作定語）（七.）疑問代詞疑問代詞有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑問代詞用于特殊 疑問句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作為某一句子成分。例如：_Who_ is going to come h

9、ere tomorrow? （作 主語）_What_ is that? (作表語)_Whose_ umbrella is this? (作定語)_Who_ are you waiting for? (作賓語)（八）關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞是一種引導(dǎo)從句并起連接主句和從句作用的代詞。關(guān)系代詞有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它們在句中可用作主語,表語,賓語,定語. 在主句中,它們還代表著從句所修飾的那個名詞或代詞。例如：I hate people _who_ talk much but do little.Im looking at the photograph _tha

10、twhich_ you sent me with your letter.With the money _thatwhich_ he had saved, he went on with his studies.Do you know the lady _who_ is interviewing our headmaster?三. 重 點 突 破類型 一 ：反身代詞的正確使用1. 主賓一致2. 同位語1. Help _yourself_ (you) to some fruit, Jack.2. -Who taught your brother to surf?-Nobody. He learn

11、t all by _himself_ (he).3. Did you enjoy _yourselves_ (you), Mary and Kate?4. The earth _itself_(it) is round.5. No one helped Millie. She did it all by _herself_.(she)搭配練習(xí)（A類）1. Mary, please show _D_ your picture. A. my B. mine C. I D. me 2. -Whats on TV tonight? Is there _B_ interesting? -Im afrai

12、d not. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything3. _D_ of them has his own opinion. A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each4. -Where is my pen? -Oh, sorry. I have taken _A_ by mistake. A. yours B. his C. mine D. hers5. -Can I have some more ice cream, Mum? -Sorry. There is_ _A_ left in the fridge.A

13、. none B. nothing C. no one D. anything類型二：不定代詞的辨析 1. some與any的區(qū)別2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的區(qū)別3. other, the other, another, others, the others的區(qū)別。用 法代名詞形容詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)不定another另一個others別人，其他人another (boy)另一個（男孩）other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一個the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)另一個男孩the other (boys)其

14、余那些男孩4. every與each的區(qū)別。eachevery1)可單獨使用1)不可單獨使用2)可做代名詞、形容詞2)僅作形容詞3)著重“個別”3)著重“全體”，毫無例外4)用于兩者或兩者以上中的每一個人或物4)用于三者或三者以上每一個人或物5. 全部否定：no, none, nobody, no one, neither( nor) 部分否定： all, both, every, each, everything, everybody等加上否定詞 not, never 等構(gòu)成 全部肯定：all, both, every, each, everything, everybody等6. nobo

15、dy, no one, none nobody = no one，指沒有一個人 none, 指沒有一個人或物（數(shù)量上），后可加of, 加of時謂語動詞可單可復(fù)7. both, either, neither; all, noneboth，指兩者都，后可加of，與否定詞連用表示部分否定，全部否定為neither；either常與or連用，表示兩者中的其中之一，謂語動詞遵循就近一致原則； neither常與nor連用，表示兩者都不，謂語動詞遵循就近一致原則；all表示三者及三者以上的全部（人或物），與否定詞連用表示部分否定，全部否定為none8. one，it比較：二者都可以替代上文出現(xiàn)過的名詞。

16、one表示泛指，表示同類中的任何一個。It表特指，指代上文出現(xiàn)過的某一物，即同一事物。搭配練習(xí)（B類）1. The old man has two sons. One is a worker, _the other_ is a teacher.2. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running; some like swimming; _others_ like ball games.3. Lets go and have a drink. Weve got a little time before the train

17、 leaves.4. We were all very tired, but _none_ of us would like to have a rest.5. The old pen is broken, Id like _B_ one to write with. A. the other B. another C. others D. the others類型三：疑問代詞與動詞不定式的搭配及定語從句中關(guān)系代詞的選擇1. I dont know which room to live in.2. What did you do that for?學(xué)習(xí)心得用適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡柎~和關(guān)系代詞填空1. _

18、What_ is the population of the world today?2. _Who_ jumped the longest of all in the long jump?3. - _What_ color is your mothers dress? -Its black.4. -_Which_ is your car? -The red one in front of the tree.5. -_Which_ of the following can you often find on a medicine bottle？-I know， sir. Its instruc

19、tion.6. The necklace _thatwhich_ she is wearing is beautiful.7. Do you know the person _thatwho_ lost his bike?8. Most people _who_that_ live in less developed countries are quite poor.9. The boy whothat is helping the old man is Johns brother.10. People whothat use credit cards to buy things online

20、 should be very careful 精品專題課程 初中英語四 復(fù) 習(xí) 建 議 本節(jié)內(nèi)容是中考中的必考點，考點主要是在對代詞的靈活運用，尤其是對不定代詞和反身代詞的考查。學(xué)生在復(fù)習(xí)的過程中所需要注意的事項就是如何掌握它們之間的辨析及具體用法。需要熟練把握各個代詞的意義及用法，所以學(xué)生還是要在平時的訓(xùn)練中多去總結(jié)和歸納。五課后作業(yè)（A類）1. “May I borrow your dictionary, Jim?” “Oh, sorry. It isnt _mine_ (my).”2. Daniels mother has devoted _herself_ (she) to the

21、teaching of Home Economics.3. The books on the shelf are ours. Those on the floor are_ theirs_ (they).4. -My watch keeps good time. What about _yours_（you）？-Mine？ Oh， two minutes slow.5. _Both_ of the twins are in our class.6. Boys, dont touch the machines, or you may hurt _yourselves_.7. It is said

22、 there is going to be _something_ important in the CCTV news.8. We couldnt buy anything because _none_ of the shops opened at that time.9. They didnt learn _anything_ new in this lesson.10. -Why is _it_ easy for such a young girl to learn three foreign languages so well? -Because Britain, Germany an

23、d France are all very near _her_ country.（B類）1.You may come to my house _C_ this week _ next week.A .neither; or B .from; to C .either; or D. either; nor2.I dont think we can do it all _A_.A. by ourselves B. by myself C. by ourselves D .by yourselves3.I dont want this shirt. Please show me _C_.A .ot

24、hers B .the others C .another D .the other4.I cant repair the model ship _C_. Can you help ?A .me; me B. myself ;myself C .myself ;me D. me ; myself5.Does your brother often wash clothes B ?A. he B .himself C. herself D .him6. We study Chinese, English , math and some C subjects.A .the other B. one

25、C .other D .another7.I have two sisters. A of them are doctors.A. Both B. All C .Either D. Neither8.The book on the shelf is A . She wrote name on its cover .A .Hers; her ;herself B. Her; hers; herself C. Herself; her; hers D .Her; herself; herself9. Dont worry . Theres A much wrong with you. said t

26、he doctor.A. nothing B .everything C. something D .very 10.These shoes are too small. You may buy some _B_ shoes.A .another B .other C .the .others D. others 11.I asked Jim and Bob to come to my house for dinner , but _D_ of them came .A .another B. other C .the others D .others 12.They are _ the sa

27、me size , so you may take _D_ half of the cake.A. at; each B. in; both C .at; neither D .in; either 13.Betty and John have come back , but _A_ students in the class arent here yet.A. the other B others C. another D. the others14.Your mother is kindness _B_. A .itself B. herself oneself D .himself15.

28、She stayed there longer than _D_.A. anyone B .anything else C. anybody D .anybody else16.Is this her bike? No, it isnt . Its _A_.A. mine B. my C. me D. hes17. _C_ Li Pings brother. A. Her B. His C. Hes D. Shes18.He is a boy. B name is Wang Bing. A. He B. His C. Her D. Hes19.Whats this? C . A. Its a

29、bread B. It is a bread C. Its bread D. This is bread20.The bowls are on the table .There are some eggs in B .A. the B. them C. it D. he 21.Let C have a meeting .A. me B. you C. us D. me 22. Mother often sees B on Sunday .A. her all friends B. all her friend C. her friends D. her all friend.23.When y

30、ou see Tom and his sister , tell C that mother is waiting at the gate.A. his ;his B. her; hers C. them ; their D. his ; her 24.He wants you to talk D about China.A .anything B .nothing C. thing D .something25.Granny seems ill . Are you sure its A ?A .nothing serious B. anything serious C. serious no

31、thing D. serious anything （ C 類）1. If _B_ steps on the grass, tell _to come to the teachers office.A. someone; them B. anyone; him C. anybody; them D. everyone; him2. On Christmas Day, _C_ of us was excited because we each _a present.A. every one; was given B. everyone; was givenC. every one; were g

32、iven D. everyone; were given3. Would you like _B_ sugar in your coffee ?Yes, only _.A. any; a few B. some; a little C. some; few D. any; little4.We think the actors in Friendship act better than_ _B_ in Spaceman on earth.A. that B. those C. the one D. ones5.He has_ B_ daughter. She is very pretty.A.

33、 a few B. a little C. few D. little6.-How much homework has your cousin finish ? -_A_ at all. He has sat there the whole morning, doing_.A. None; nothing B. Nothing; none C. No one; nothing D. Nothing; none7.-What should we give away to the homeless people ? -_B_ will do as long as we can keep them

34、warm.A. Everything B. Anything C. Nothing D. Something8. -I hear a new film is on these days. Shall we go to the cinema together, Lucy and Lily ?-_C_ Lily _I will go with you because one of us must be at home to help our father in the garden. A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Either, nor【中考鏈接】（2010蘇州，1）-Wow! Youve got so many skirts. -But_ D_ of them are in fashion now.A. all B. both C. neither D. none(2010蘇州，13)-Why dont we