新概念2lesson15

1、課程名稱：Good News教學對象：小學6 年-初一學生教材：新概念2授課內(nèi)容：Lesson 15課時：2 課型：教學方法：講授法教學目的與要求：1 能夠熟讀并背誦全文2 理解句中句子的轉(zhuǎn)換重點、難點1 直接引語變間接引語及需要注意的幾個變化教學過程設計（包括講授知識、演示內(nèi)容及案例、提問及學生演示內(nèi)容）一 重點單詞1 nervous adj. 精神緊張的，膽小的，神經(jīng)過敏的eg. Are you nervous in the dark?在黑暗里你會感到緊張嗎？Examinations made me nervous.：nervous 激動，緊張（由于害怕）eg.I am always ne

2、rvous when I have to make a speech. 發(fā)言時我總會感到緊張。upset 煩惱，心煩意亂（不愉快）eg. He is upset recently because he is lack of money. 2 afford v. 負擔得起，買得起（常用在can，be able to 之后）eg.I really want to help you, but I cant afford the time.1) afford sth.買得起，付得起eg.I cant afford the coat. Its too expensive.I can only affor

3、d five yuan.2) afford to do sth. 擔負得起做某事；有經(jīng)濟能力做某事eg.I can afford to buy the book. =I can afford the book 翻譯：他買不起這臺電腦。教法：afford 近義詞和我們曾經(jīng)學過的“花費”有些類似，spend ， cost， take，其中這些動詞的用法我們以前都學過而且都復習過，老師在這里就不再過多提他們，但大家在心里一定要明確這幾個詞的用法。3 weak adj. 弱的，衰弱的eg. He is too weak to lift this heavy box.教法：在這個例句中，我們還應用到了一

4、個非常重要的短語，too to ，太 而 不能。 op. strong 強壯的 be weak in 在做得不好教法：這是我們以前學過的重要短語be good at 的反義短語，be weak in 后面可以直接加名詞， He is weak in PE. 后面也可以加動詞，但要用ing 形式。I am weak in playing soccer.4 interrupt v. 打斷，停止eg. Dont interrupt me. It is rude to interrupt.He interrupted me while I was speaking.二 重點短語：1 tell sb.

5、that教法：tell 告訴，后面可以直接加賓語，在本文中后面引導了賓語從句，另外它還有一個非常重要的句型，tell sb. （not） to do sth. 告訴某人（不要）做某事。2 would see me教法：would 在這里是will 的過去式形式，情態(tài)動詞后總是要接動詞原形，這個短語是過去進行時形式。3 feel nervous教法：feel 是感官動詞，后面要接形容詞做表語。4 go into教法：我們在新1 Jimmys breakfast 中已經(jīng)遇到過這個短語，翻譯成 進到里去， 在這里用的是過去式形式went， go into = enter5 look up 教法：在本

6、文中翻譯成向上看，另外它還有查找的意思，look up a word in a dictionary.6 in a weak voice教法：修飾聲音低的形容詞weak 或low，voice 指的是人好聽的聲音，noise 指噪音，sound 包含所有的聲音。三 grammar直接引語變間接引語的用法導入：直接引語：直接引用別人的原話，一般要加引號。間接引語：用自己的話應用別人的話，不用引號。eg. John said, Im going to London with my father.約翰說：我要和父親到倫敦去。（引號內(nèi)是直接引語）John said that he was going t

7、o London with his father.約翰說，他要和他父親去倫敦。（賓語從句是間接引語）間接引語的三要素：1）引導詞2）語序3）時態(tài)（及人稱的變化）間接引語:四種情況主句-從句(語序):主+謂+賓+.1、陳述句(句號) -that(可省略)2、一般疑問句(問號) - if/whether(or not)引導詞3、特殊疑問句(問號)-特殊疑問詞(what/how開頭)4、祈使句/請求-ask/tell sb.(not)to do sth.下面我們來看一下直接引語變間接引語具體怎么變。一 人稱的變化下面有一句順口溜“一隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”。教法：順口溜記起來非常容易，但我們目

8、的是要把它能正確運用到練習題中，下面老師來解釋一下?！耙浑S主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化：eg. She said. My brother wants to go with me. She said her brother wanted to go with her.教法：“二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱?；虮坏诙四闼揎?。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱：eg. He said to Kate. How is your s

9、ister now? He asked Kate how her sister was then。教法：“第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化：eg. Mr. Smith said: Jack is a good worker。Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker。二、如何變時態(tài)如果主句謂語動詞為過去時，間接引語中的動詞時態(tài)按下列變化：（1） 一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時（2） 現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時（3） 一般將來時變?yōu)檫^去將來時（4） 現(xiàn)在完成時變?yōu)檫^去完成時（5） 一般過

10、去時變?yōu)檫^去完成時（6） 過去完成時不變，仍為過去完成時：eg. 1) She said. I have lost a pen. She said she had lost a pen.2) She said. We hope so. She said they hoped so.3) She said. He will go to see his friend。She said he would go to see his friend。但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)一般不變化。直接引語是客觀真理。The earth moves around the sun and

11、 the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。直接引語是過去進行時，時態(tài)不變。如：Jack said. “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。直接引語中

12、有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變.Xiao Wang said. I was born on April 20, 1980。 Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時。表示一種反復出現(xiàn)或習慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變。He said, I get up at six every morning。 He said he gets up at six every morning。如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已經(jīng)是過

13、去時的形式時，（例：could, should, would, might）不再變。Peter said. You had better come have today。 Peter said I had better go there that day。三、如何變狀語：直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)則，時間狀語由“現(xiàn)在”改為“原來”（例：now變?yōu)閠hen, yesterday變?yōu)?the day before）地點狀語，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語，由“此”改為“彼”（例：this 改為that),如：He said, These books are mine. He

14、said those books were his.四、如何變句型：直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應改為由that引導的賓語從句。She said, Our bus will arrive in five minutes. She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句.He said, Can you swim, John? He asked John if he could swim.You have finished the ho

15、mework, havent you? my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.Do you go to school by bus or by bike? He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。She asked me, When do they have their dinner? She asked me when the

16、y had their dinner.直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為tell(ask, order, beg等) sb.(not) to do sth.句型eg. Dont make any noise, she said to the children. She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise.Bring me a cup of tea, please, said she. She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.直接引語如果是以“Lets”開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常用“

17、suggest +動句詞（或從句）?！眅g. He said, Lets go to the film. He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film. 直接引語是感嘆句時間接引語為what 或how 引導，也可以用that 引導。She said, What a lovely day it is !She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.如果主句謂語動詞為各種現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，

18、則間接引語中的動詞仍保持直接引語原來時態(tài)。注意（1） 如果直接引語是表示客觀真理時，變?yōu)殚g接引語，一般現(xiàn)在時不改為一般過去時。如：The teacher said The earth goes round the sun.The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.（2） 如果直接引語中有明確表示過時間的狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，一般過去時不改為過去完成時。如：He said to me, I was born in 1973.He told me that he was born in 1973.(3)如果直接引語所述事實在當時和目前同樣

19、生效，變?yōu)殚g接賓語時，一般現(xiàn)在時不改為一般過去時。如：He said, Im a boy, not a girl.He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.(4)如果直接引語中的謂語動詞表示一種反復出現(xiàn)或習慣動作，在變?yōu)殚g接引時，一般現(xiàn)在時不改為一般過去時。如：The girl said, I get up at six every morning.The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.(5)如果直接引語中含有since, when, while引導的表示過去時間的狀語從句，在變?yōu)殚g接引語時，只改

20、變主句中的謂語動詞，從句的一般過去時則不變。如：He said to me, I have taught English since he came here .He told me that he had taught English since he came here.(6)如果直接引語中含有情態(tài)動詞 must, need, had better以及情態(tài)動詞的過去式could, might, should, would,在變?yōu)殚g接引語時，這些情態(tài)動詞沒有時態(tài)的改變。The teacher said to me . You must pay more attention to your p

21、ronunciation.The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.He said , I could swim when I was only six .He said that he could swim when he was only six.6.代詞等一般地應作用相應的變化。指示代詞 this -that these- those表示時間的詞 1 now - then 2 today- that day3 this week(month ,etc) -that w

22、eek (month ,etc)4 yesterday -the day before5 last week(month) - the week(month) before6 three days(a year)ago-three days(a year)before7 tomorrow -the next (following ) day8nextweek(month)the next(following)week(month)表地點的詞 here -there動詞 bring take come go四 Exercise One1) I asked him how much_. A. do

23、es his new car cost B. did his new car cost C. his new car costed D. his new car cost2)Do you know _. A. what hes looking for B. what is he looking forC. what does he look for D. his is looking for3)Im not sure _.A. what is his name B. what his name isC. his name is what D. whats his name4)I dont kn

24、ow _.A. where does he live B. where did he liveC. where he lives D. he lives where5)I didnt know_. A. what she said B. what did she sayC. what she spoke D. what was she speaking6)I dont know_.A. when he will come back B. when will he come backC. when does he come back D. when did he come back7)Could

25、 you tell me where _ now?A.you are living B. do you live C. you live D. did you live8)He didnt know _he should go or not.A. ifB. weatherC. that D. whether9). He asked _ for the computer.A. did I pay how much B. I paid how muchC. how much did I pay D. how much I paid10). “Have you seen the film?” he

26、asked me. He asked me _.A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the filmC. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film11). “Please close the window,” he said to me. He _me _ the window.A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close12). “I am a teacher,

27、” Jack said. He said _.A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher13). He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _- very naughty.A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy isC. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his

28、 mother that the boy was14). “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked. She asked _.A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got wellC. have I already got well D. had I already got well.15). He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?”He asked me _.A. am I

29、a Party member or a League memberB. was I a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party member or a League member.16). He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _.A. how am I getting along B. how are you getting alongC. how I was getting

30、 along D. how was I getting along17). He asked me _ with me.A. what the matter is B. what the mater wasC. whats the matter D. what was the matter18). He said, “Dont do that again.” He _ me _ that again.A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; dont doC. told me; dont do D. told me; not to doExercise T

31、wo 陳述句1)She says,”I am a teacher.”She says_.2)She said,”I am a teacher.”She said _.一般疑問句1)“Are you from Japan?”he says to me.He( )me_.2)“Are you from Japan?”he said to me.He( )me_特殊疑問句3)“When does the train arrive?” Please tell me. Please tell me_4)“When does the train arrive?” Please told me.Please

32、 told me _.祈使句/請求1)“Dont make any noise.”Mother says to Tom.Mother( )Tom _.2)“Open the window.” Mr Li said to me.Mr Li ( ) me _.3)“Would you like to show me your book?” Kate says to me.Kate( )me_.Exercise Three 把直接引語變成間接引語(陳述句)一般現(xiàn)在時1)“We go to school on Saturday.”2)“I want to give your sister a Chri

33、stmas card.”3)“I will visit my daughter in March.”He says 4)She says, “Im glad to meet you.”把直接引語變成間接引語(陳述句)一般過去時5)“I am a teacher.”6)“We are at the coffee shop.”They said _7)“I dont have any books about animals.” Rik told Annie _8)“The earth goes round the sun.”The teacher said _Exercise Four把直接引語變成間接引語(一般疑問句)一般現(xiàn)在時1)I really dont know.“Did they go to the park yesterday?”2)The principal wants to know.“Do the students study hard?”把直接引語變成間接引語(一般疑問句)一般過去時3)They wondered.“Shall we buy some food for picnic?”4)“Is your mother a doctor or