初二英語第十次課

1、 It的用法，主謂一致第十次課 一、用來表示時間、天氣、地點、距離、一、用來表示時間、天氣、地點、距離、環(huán)境、形勢、還可指未知的人等。例如：環(huán)境、形勢、還可指未知的人等。例如： It is two miles to the beach.It was raining in the morning. If its convenient, I can see you tomorrow.It was very noisy at the very moment.Someone is knocking at the door. Go and see who it is .it表示時間常用于句型：表示時間常

2、用于句型： 1、 It is/has been一段時間一段時間since 從句（用一般過去時態(tài)）從句（用一般過去時態(tài)） It was 一段時間一段時間 since 從句從句 （用過去完成時態(tài)）（用過去完成時態(tài)） 用用meet 的適當形式填空的適當形式填空例如：例如： 1）It is/has been many years since I you last in London. 2）It was a long time since I you last in London.methad met It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到紐約已

3、經五個月了。我到紐約已經五個月了。It is five months since I was in New York.我離開紐約已經五個月了。我離開紐約已經五個月了。（注意：終止性動詞表示從動作發(fā)生時算起；（注意：終止性動詞表示從動作發(fā)生時算起；如果是狀態(tài)動詞或持續(xù)性動詞，則從動作或如果是狀態(tài)動詞或持續(xù)性動詞，則從動作或狀態(tài)結束時算起。）狀態(tài)結束時算起。） 2、 It is/ will be + 一段時間一段時間 + before 從句從句(用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)) It was +一段時間一段時間+before從句從句 （用一般過去時態(tài)）（用一般過去時態(tài)）表示表示“在（做某事）前過了多長時間在

4、（做某事）前過了多長時間”，或，或“過了多長時間才過了多長時間才”。如：。如：But it _more than 100 years before the country begins once again to look as it did before. will be二、用作人稱代詞，代替前文提到過的事物二、用作人稱代詞，代替前文提到過的事物 如：如：The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago.注：區(qū)分注：區(qū)分 it one that 1. I was disappointed with the film ，I had expec

5、ted _ to be much betterAthat Bthis Cone Dit2. I prefer a flat in Inverness to _ in Perth, because I want to live near my Moms.A. one B. that C. it D. this3.The air of a suburb is cleaner than _of a city.A. one B. that C. it D. those三、指代不定式、動名詞、從句等，用作形三、指代不定式、動名詞、從句等，用作形式主語或形式賓語。如：式主語或形式賓語。如： It is n

6、ot easy to finish the work in two days.It is no use crying over spilt milk.It is a pity that you didnt read the book.I think it no use arguing with him.I found it very interesting to study English.He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject.注意：it 用在不能直接跟賓語從句的動詞，尤其是表示好、惡的動詞，如：enjoy, l

7、ike, hate, cant help, appreciate, see to(注意到，務必) 1.I will appreciate it if you help me. 2.please see to it that you bring enough money when you go out.1. We must make _ to the public that something should be done to stop pollution.A.What is clear B. it is clearC. it clear D. that clear2. I hate _ wh

8、en people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. these D. them3. _ one day they will have enough animals to set them free.A. It is hoped for B. what is hoped thatC. As is hoped that D. It is hoped that 四、四、it 用來引起強調句型用來引起強調句型 It is/was + 被強調的部分被強調的部分 +that/who Is/Was it + 被強調的部分被強調的部分 +that/w

9、ho?特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞+is/was it that/who?I didnt meet her in the street until May.It was in the street that I didnt meet her until May.It was not until May that I met her in the street.比較：比較： It is in a small factory that my brother is going to work.(強調句型強調句型) It is a small factory where my brother is going

10、 to work.（定語從句）（定語從句）1. It was in the school, _ I once studied, _we held a party.A. when/that B. in which/ that C. that/where D. that/in which 2. It was five oclock in the afternoon _ they climbed up to the top of the mountain Asince Bwhen Cthat Duntil3.-_you got to know I traveled to the USA?-Throu

11、gh one of your colleagues.A. Where it was that B. When it was that C. How was it that D. Why was it that綜合練習綜合練習1.As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. A. this B. that C. one D. it 2. _ is our belief that improvements in health

12、care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. (2006 浙江)A. What B. That C. This D. It3. Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A. that B. it C. this D. you (2006 山東) 4. I dont like working late into the night, but I cant help _. A. so B. that C. it D. them.5.

13、The doctor advised strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help.A. it B. she C. which D. he6. Cars do cause us some health problems in fact far more serious _ than mobile phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those 7. -He was nearly drown once.-When was _ -_ was in 1998 when he was in midd

14、le school. A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This8. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _I will always treasure.A. that B. one C. it D. what (2002 全國)含有含有“It is ”的句型的句型1. It is time (for sb.) to do sth. It is (high) time that sb. did/should do sth.2. It i

15、s + 形容詞（形容詞（+of / for sb.）+ to do sth. 通常用通常用 of的詞有的詞有brave、clever、careful、 hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、 silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。等。3. It is + 形容詞形容詞 + that + sb. + (should) do sth.（虛擬語氣）（虛擬語氣）能用于這個句型的形容詞有能用于這個句型的形容詞有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、ne

16、cessary、useless、likely、probable、impossible等。有時可省去等。有時可省去should而直接用動詞原形。而直接用動詞原形。 It is important that we should pay close attention to grain.It is natural that he（should）say so.4. It is no use/ good + doing sth. It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again.5. It is said/reported/announce

17、d/ (well) known /believed thatIt is believed that proper morning exercises are good for our health.6. It is /was/will be the first/second/third time that It is the first time that I have been here. It was the second time that he had seen the film.7. It is up to sb. to do sth 應由某人做應由某人做 某事。某事。 It is

18、up to you to decide whether we start or not.1. 由由and 連接的并列成分指的是同一概念，連接的并列成分指的是同一概念， 兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)。兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (那個工人兼作家那個工人兼作家) (比較：比較：The worker and the writer are from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家那位工人和那位作家) Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. 2. 1) Every and (every)

19、2) each and (each 3)no and (no), 4) many a and (many a)連接兩個單數名詞作連接兩個單數名詞作主語主語,謂語用單數。謂語用單數。 Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. 3. one/every one /each/either/ the number+of +復數名詞作主語，復數名詞作主語， Each of the students has a book. 謂謂語用單數。語用單數。4. clothin

20、g, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等無生命的等無生命的集合集合 名詞作主語。名詞作主語。 Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 5. 以以s 結尾的詞，但表示學科、國家、機構、結尾的詞，但表示學科、國家、機構、 書籍、報刊等名稱作主語。書籍、報刊等名稱作主語。 6. 表示時間、距離、金錢、等復數名詞作主語，表示時間、距離、金錢、等復數名詞作主語， 表達一個整體概念時。表達一個整體概念時。 Twenty years has passed since h

21、e left his hometown. 7. 由由any-,some-,no-和和-one,-thing,-body等所構成等所構成 的不定代詞作主語。的不定代詞作主語。 8. 非謂語動詞、名詞性從句作主語。非謂語動詞、名詞性從句作主語。 Collecting stamps is what he likes. Whatever was left was taken away. 9. 單數名詞、抽象名詞、物質名詞作主語。單數名詞、抽象名詞、物質名詞作主語。 1. 由由and 連接的兩個并列成分表示兩個不同連接的兩個并列成分表示兩個不同 的概念。的概念。 Both bread and butte

22、r are sold out. 2. people , police, cattle 等有生命的集體名詞等有生命的集體名詞 作主語。作主語。 The police are looking for the missing child. 3. goods, stairs, arms 等名詞作主語。等名詞作主語。 4. 由山脈、群島、瀑布、運動會等由山脈、群島、瀑布、運動會等s 結尾的專有名詞作主語。結尾的專有名詞作主語。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 5. a number of /quantities of /a group

23、of +名詞作主語。名詞作主語。 1. 集體名詞集體名詞class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, majority, group等作主語。強調整體用單數，指個個成員用等作主語。強調整體用單數，指個個成員用復數。復數。 His family is a great one. His family are music lovers. 2. means, works, pains等詞，根據主語表達的概等詞，根據主語表達的概念而定。念而定。

24、The steel works is near the station. Two new steel works are being built. 3. 作主語，以這些名詞本身的單復數而作主語，以這些名詞本身的單復數而定。定。 4. all, none, some, any 等不定代詞作主語，根據其指代的內容而定。等不定代詞作主語，根據其指代的內容而定。 All are present . All the food tastes good. 5. 作主語作主語: 謂語動詞要和謂語動詞要和 of 之后的名詞單復數保持一致。之后的名詞單復數保持一致。 Not only he but also I

25、am invited. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress. 置于主語后，謂語置于主語后，謂語動詞一般仍和前面的名詞在單復數上動詞一般仍和前面的名詞在單復數上保持一致。保持一致。 The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.1His family _ a small one2His family _ fat and short Ais，is Bare，are Cis，are Dare，is 此題應選此題應選 。family是一個集合名詞，具有單是一個集合名詞，具

26、有單數數(側重指整體側重指整體)和復數和復數(側重指個體側重指個體)兩種可能。類兩種可能。類似這種用法的詞主要的有：似這種用法的詞主要的有： team(隊，隊員隊，隊員)，class(班，班上的全體學生班，班上的全體學生)，crowd(人群人群)，government(政府政府)，crew(乘務乘務員員 ) ， c o m m i t t e e ( 委 員 會 ， 委 員 們委 員 會 ， 委 員 們 ) ，audience(聽眾聽眾)等：等： This class consists of 45 students. Mr Green teaches it 這個班這個班45個學生，由格林先生教

27、。個學生，由格林先生教。 This class are all diligent. Mr Green teaches them. 這個班的學生都很用功，由格林先生這個班的學生都很用功，由格林先生教。教。 It was late, but the audience was increasing.時間很遲了，但聽眾人數卻在增加。時間很遲了，但聽眾人數卻在增加。 The audience were all moved to tears.聽眾都感動得流了淚。聽眾都感動得流了淚。 The team is the best in the league這個隊在聯(lián)賽中打得最好。這個隊在聯(lián)賽中打得最好。 The

28、 football team are having baths足球隊隊員們在洗澡。足球隊隊員們在洗澡。 但是并不是所有的集合名詞都具有以上兩種用法：但是并不是所有的集合名詞都具有以上兩種用法： 1. 有的集合名詞總是用作單數有的集合名詞總是用作單數(不可數不可數)：clothing 衣服，衣服，poetry 詩歌，詩歌，baggageluggage 行李，行李，furniture家俱，家俱，machinery 機械，機械，scenery 景色，景色，jewellery珠寶等。珠寶等。 2. 有的集合名詞總是表示復數意義有的集合名詞總是表示復數意義(但不用復數形式但不用復數形式)：people人

29、，人，police警察，警察，cattle牲口等。牲口等。We Chinese _ a hard-working people Ais Bare Cis being Dare being 此題應選此題應選 。這里應注意的是：我們通常說的這里應注意的是：我們通常說的是主謂一致（即謂語與主語保持一致），而不是是主謂一致（即謂語與主語保持一致），而不是表謂一致（即不是謂語與表語一致），本題意為：表謂一致（即不是謂語與表語一致），本題意為：我們中國人是一個勤勞的民族。我們中國人是一個勤勞的民族。 These two dictionaries are a present for my best frie

30、nd Jim The planets were the object of his study The most important thing I need is books The countrys leading export is watches The best part of the meal is the coffee and cookies 但是有些主語由于本身具有單數和復數兩種但是有些主語由于本身具有單數和復數兩種 可能，它的謂語到底用單數還是復數，要看具體可能，它的謂語到底用單數還是復數，要看具體 的語境（多數情況是看其后面詞語的單復數），的語境（多數情況是看其后面詞語的單

31、復數），例如：例如： Who is your brother？誰是你的兄弟？誰是你的兄弟？ Who are your brothers？哪些是你的兄弟？哪些是你的兄弟？ What he said is quite correct他所說的完全正確。他所說的完全正確。 What he left me are only a few old books他給我他給我留下的只是幾本舊書。留下的只是幾本舊書。1. You or he _ to blame 你或他有一人要受責備。你或他有一人要受責備。 2. _ you or he to blame? 受責備的是你還是他？受責備的是你還是他？ A is ，Is

32、 Bare，Are Cis，Are D are，Is 在通常情況下，兩個并列主語由在通常情況下，兩個并列主語由or，eitheror，neithernor，notbut，not onlybut（also）等連接時，其謂等連接時，其謂語通常與第二個主語（即臨近的一個語通常與第二個主語（即臨近的一個主語）保持一致，但是，在疑問句中主語）保持一致，但是，在疑問句中則通常與第一個主語（即臨近的一個則通常與第一個主語（即臨近的一個主語）保持一致。主語）保持一致。 1One or two days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe2Neither my wife