初一專題復習代詞

1、初一專題復習 代詞 代詞是代替名詞、形容詞和數(shù)詞的詞。按其意義、特征及其在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞和關(guān)系代詞等。1、 代詞分類【知識結(jié)構(gòu)圖】 主格 人稱代詞 賓格 形容詞性物主代詞物主代詞 名詞性物主代詞 反身代詞代詞 指示代詞 不定代詞 疑問代詞 關(guān)系代詞 it的特殊用法、易混代詞辨析數(shù)人稱代詞物主代詞人稱主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞單數(shù)第一人稱我Ime myminemyself第二人稱你you youyouryoursyourself第三人稱他hehimhishishimself她sheherherhersher

2、self它itititsitsitself復數(shù)第一人稱我們weusouroursourselves第二人稱你們youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱他們、她們、它們theythemtheirtheirsthemselves2、 人稱代詞1.人稱代詞的人稱、數(shù)和格，如下表所示。 2.人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格作主語，賓格作賓語。如： I like table tennis. （作主語） Do you know him?（作賓語）3.人稱代詞還可作表語。作表語時用賓格。如：-Who is knocking at the door? -Its me.4.人稱代詞在than

3、之后與其他人或事物進行比較時，用主格和賓格都可以。如：He is older than me. He is older than I am. 5. it的用法作形式主語和形式賓語1) Its + adj. + (for/of sb) +to do sth. “對某人來說做某事”【例句觀察】1）Its very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。2）Its very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我，你真是太好了?！練w納總結(jié)】for sb. 常用于表示_(人物/事物)的特征特點，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如

4、easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等；of sb. 常用于一般用表示_(人物/事物)的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right, humorous ,stupid等。3）主語+ find (make/ think/ feel) + it (is ) + adj. + (for sb ) + to do sth主語+ found (made / thought/ felt) + it (was) + adj. + (for sb ) + to do sthe

5、.g.: Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line? =Do you think it is necessary to learn to wait in line?指嬰兒或不明身份、性別的人Who is knocking at the door? Its me. Who is that man? It must be our headmaster. 拓展：one，that，it one用來指代“同名異物”的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。其復數(shù)形式為ones。 Do you have a car? Yes, I have one. ones用來指代“同

6、名異物”的可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。Do you want a toy? Yes, I want new ones very much. that用來指代“同名異物”的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。其復數(shù)形式為those，常用于含有比較級別的句子中。 The engine of your car is better than that of mine.it指代同一個人或物的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。Do you like the red pen? Yes, I like it very much.【中考真題再現(xiàn)】 _is kind of him to give us a hand. A. That B. It

7、 C. You D. He2.I feel _ necessary to have sports every day. A. you B. that C. it D. it was2、指嬰兒或不明身份、性別的人以及談話的雙方都知道的人和事?！局锌颊骖}再現(xiàn)】 1、Who is standing over there? _. A. Its me B. Its I C. I am D. I knock2、Who is that man? _ must be our headmaster. A. He B. It C. That D. Its3、指天氣、時間或距離等。e.g.: 1) It is su

8、nny today. Lets go out for a walk.2) Its eight oclock now. Its time for class. 3）Its ten kilometers from my home to school.課堂練習1. _ is my aunt. We often visit _. 2. China is a developing country. _ lies in the east of Asia. 3. 3. Professor Wang sets _ a good example. We must learn from _. 4. What da

9、y is _ today? _ is Thursday. 5.I own a blue bike. The red one doesnt belong to _. 二、選出括號中正確的詞，在正確的詞上打勾。1. This is（my / I）mother.2. Nice to meet （your / you）.3. （He / His）name is Mark.4. Whats（she / her）name?5. Excuse（me / my / I）.6. Are（your / you）Miss Li?7. （I/ My）am Ben.8. （She / Her）is my sister.

10、9. Fine , thank （your / you）.10. How old is （he / his）二、物主代詞1.表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞，如下表所示。數(shù)人稱類別形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞第一人稱mymine第二人稱youryours單數(shù)第三人稱hishisherhersitsits復數(shù)第一人稱ourours第二人稱youryours第三人稱theirtheirs2. 形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當于形容詞，可在句中作定語。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-b

11、ox.3. 名詞性物主代詞的作用相當于名詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語和表語。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主語） - Is this English-book yours?（作表語） Ive already finished my homework. Have you finished yours?（作賓語）課堂練習一、適當?shù)娜朔Q和物主代詞專練1.你 I dont know whats _ name, can _tell me? Look at that picture. Is that _ and _ father ?2.我 These

12、are _boxes. _ put them over there. Jack and _ are good friends. _ English name is kitty.3.他 _ is an American boy and _ is a student. _mother is a Chinese woman, but _ father is an American man.4.她 I have a good friend. _ name is Lucy. _ is twelve. _ and I are in the same class. _ parrot is very nice

13、.5.它 What is _ name ? _ is MiMi. Whats seven plus six? _ is thirteen.6.你們 Are _ names Lucy and Lily?- Yes, we are. Are _ twins? -Yes,_ are right.7.我們 Are _ all here today? -No, _ monitor（班長） is not here. This is _ Japanese teacher. _ like her very much.8.他們 Are _ _ buses?No, _ arent. _ buses are ove

14、r there.9.凱特（Celt） They are _ father and mother.10.哥哥(brother) My _ name is Jim. Do you know my _?二、填入正確的人稱代詞和物主代詞1. This isnt her knife. _ is green.2. These are your books，Kate. Put _ in the desk，please.3. They want a football. Give _ the green one，please.4. _ is a boy. _ name is Mike. Mikes friend

15、s like _ very much.5. My father and mother are teachers. _ are busy. 6.You are a pupil. Is _ brother a pupil, too? 7. Mary works in a book store._likes_work very much.8.John and I are in the same school._go to school together.9.She is a friend of_ . We knew each other two years ago.10.I have many fr

16、iends. Some of_are good at English. 11.-May I use_bike? -Sorry，_is broken. 12. Dont put your school things here. Put _away. 13. We cant find our shoes. Can you help _?3、 反身代詞1.反身代詞的用法 英語中用來表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我們自己”，“你們自己”等意義的代詞稱為反身代詞，也有人稱之為自身代名詞，其形式如表所示。 反身代詞可以在句中作賓語，表語，同位語。 1. 作賓語，表示動作的承受者就是動作的發(fā)出者

17、，主語和賓語指同一個人或一些人。 He called himself a writer. Would you please express yourself in English?2. 作表語。 It doesnt matter. Ill be myself soon. The girl in the news is myself. 3. 作主語或賓語的同位語，表示親自或本人。 I myself washed the clothes.（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主語同位語）You should ask the teacher himself.（作賓語同位語

18、）2.常見含反身代詞的習慣搭配for oneself 為自己；親自come to oneself 恢復知覺to oneself 為單獨所用；為單獨所有devote oneself to 致力于of oneself 自動地enjoy oneself 過得快活，玩得高興by oneself 獨自地，單獨地excuse oneself 為自己辯解in oneself 本身；本性explain oneself 說明自己的意圖dress oneself 穿衣help oneself to 隨便吃，隨便用make yourself at home 不受拘束say to oneself 心里想seat on

19、eself 坐下talk/speak to oneself 自言自語teach oneself 自學between ourselves 你我兩人之間課堂練習一選擇題1. Those girls enjoyed _ in the party last night. A. them B. they C. themselves D. herself 2. Help _ to some fish, children. A. yourself B. your C. yours D. yourselves3. The film _ is very fun. A. its B. itself C. it D

20、. its 4. Who teaches _ math? I teach _. A. your, myself B. you, myself C. you, me D. you, herself 5. The father will make _ a bike _. A. her, himself B. she, himself C. her, herself D. she, herself 6. The scarf is _, she made it_. A. herself, her B. herself, hers C. hers, herself D. her, herself 7.

21、Liu Hulans death was great. She thought more of others than _. A. her B. she C. hers D. herself 8. Luckily, he didnt hurt _ terribly yesterday. A. him B. themselves C. himself D. they 9. I cant mend my shoe _. Can you mend it for ? A. myself, me B. myself, I C. me, I D. I, me10. I like watching in t

22、he mirror. A. me B. I C. my D. Myself4、 指示代詞指示代詞包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用來指在時間或空間上較近的事物或人，that和those則指時間和空間上較遠的事物或人 This is a pen and that is a pencil We are busy these days In those days the workers had a hard time2. 有時that和those指前面講到過的事物，this 和these則是指下面將要講到的事物，例如：I had a cold. Th

23、ats why I didnt come. What I want to say is this; pronunciation is very important in learning English.3. 有時為了避免重復提到的名詞，?？捎胻hat或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai. 4. this 在電話用語中代表自己，that 則代表對方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?課堂練習指示代詞

24、包括：this, that , these, those1.this和these 一般用來指在時間或空間上較_(近、遠)的事物或人； that 和those則指時間或空間上較_(近、遠)的事物或人。2. 有時that 和those 指_的事物，this 和these 則是指下面將要講到的事物。3.電話用語 通常用this指代自己，that指代對方4.代詞one, it, that的用法辨析one指代同一類別中的另一個，用來代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，其復數(shù)形式為ones。it指代同一個人或物，代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。that指代同一類別中的另一個，可用來代替可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，指代可數(shù)名詞時其復數(shù)為

25、those，通常用于含有比較級別的句子中。課堂練習1. _ pen is red. _ pencil is green.A. this, that B. These, Those C. That, Those D. This, That2. Is _ a panda over there?A. this B. That C. those D. these3. _two boys are Mr. Greens sons.A. This B. These C. That D. those4. _ two girls are Mary and Linda.A. This B. They C. Tha

26、t D. Those5. _is Mr. White and _ is my father.A. This, those B. That, these C. These, these D. This, this6. _ Tom, who _?A. I am, are you B. This is, is that C. I am, is that D. This is, are you 7. -Hello, _ Mr. Green? -Sorry, he is out. Please call him later.A. are you B. you are C. is that D. is t

27、his8. The population of China is much larger than _ of Russia. A. that B. this C. those D. it 9. What kind of house would you like? -Id like _with a garden in front of _. A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it10.Ive got several novels written by Mo Yan. You can borrow _ if you like. A. it B. on

28、e C. every D. Either5、 不定代詞不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞，在句中可作主語、表語、賓語和定語?，F(xiàn)將幾個常用的不定代詞舉例說明如下：1. some與any的區(qū)別1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，幾個”作形容詞時，后面可以接:不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動詞； 可數(shù)名詞+復數(shù)動詞。 Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library. Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 2）any多用于疑問句、條件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容詞時，后面可以接: 不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)

29、動詞； 可數(shù)名詞+復數(shù)動詞。 If you have any questions, please ask me. There isnt any orange in the bottle. Have you got any tea? 3）any和some也可以作代詞用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑問句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。 How many people can you see in the picture? I cant see any. I f you have no money, Ill lend you some.【注意】與some, any結(jié)合的詞如something,

30、somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑問句、條件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的區(qū)別1）用作形容詞： 含義 用法表示肯定表示否定用于可數(shù)名詞a few雖少，但有幾個few不多，幾乎沒有用于不可數(shù)名詞a little，雖少，但有一點little不多，沒有什么 Im going to buy a few apples. He can speak only a little Chinese. There is only a little mil

31、k in the glass. He has few friends. They had little money with them. 2）a little和little也可以用作副詞，a little表示“有點，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 Im a little hungry. (修飾形容詞hungry) Let him sleep a little. (修飾動詞sleep) Mary, go a little faster, please. (修飾副詞比較級) She slept very little last night.3. other, the other, anothe

32、r, others, the others的區(qū)別。用 法代詞形容詞單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)不定another另一個others別人，其他人another (boy)另一個（男孩）other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一個the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)另一個男孩the other (boys)其余那些男孩1） other可以作形容詞用，后面可以跟單數(shù)或復數(shù)名詞，意思是“其他的、別的”。 Where are his other books? I havent any other books except this one. 2）other也可以用作代詞，

33、與冠詞the連用構(gòu)成“the other”，表示兩個人或物中的“另一個”。常與one搭配構(gòu)成“one ., the other .”句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other. 3）other作代詞用時，可以有復數(shù)“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常與some搭配構(gòu)成“some ., others .” Some went to the cinema, other

34、s went swimming. This coat is too large. Show me some others, please. 4）“the others”表示特指某范圍內(nèi)的“其他的人或物”。 We got home by 4 oclock, but the others didnt get back until 8 oclock. In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.5）another可以作形容詞用，修飾后面的名詞，意為“另一個”，還可以跟代詞one. You can see another ship

35、in the sea, cant you? Mary doesnt want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one? 6）another也可以作代詞用，表示“另一個”。 Im still hungry after Ive had this cake. Please give me another.4. every與each的區(qū)別。eachevery1)可單獨使用1)不可單獨使用 2)可做代詞、形容詞2)僅作形容詞3)著重“個別”3)著重“全體”，毫無例外4)用于兩者或兩者以上中的每一個人或物4)用于三者或三者以上每一個

36、人或物 every“每一個”，強調(diào)共性，后面始終是單數(shù)形式，在句中只能作定語。Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher. each“每個”，強調(diào)個別性。可用于of之前或放在主語之后。 We each have a room of our own. Each of us has an apple. 5. all和both的用法。1）all指三者以上，或不可數(shù)的東西。謂語動詞既可以用單數(shù)，也可以用作復數(shù)。在句中作主語、表語、賓語、同位語和定語。 All of us like Mr

37、 Pope. 我們都喜歡Pope先生。（作主語）= We all like Mr Pope. (作同位語) All the water has been used up. (作主語) Thats all for today. (作表語) Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作賓語) All the leaders are here. (作定語) 2）both作代詞。與其他名詞或代詞并列出現(xiàn)，表示“兩個都”。 Lucy and Lily both agree with us. They both passed on their sticks at the same t

38、ime. How are your parents? Theyre both fine. 與“of +代詞（或名詞）”連用，表示“兩者都”。 Both of them came to see Mary. Both of the books are very interesting. 單獨使用，表示“兩者（都）”。 Michael has two sons. Both are clever. I dont know which book is the better, I shall read both. 3）both用作形容詞，放在名詞之前，修飾該名詞，表示“兩者都”。 Both his you

39、nger sisters are our classmates. There are tall trees on both sides of the street.6. neither,either與none neither指兩者都不,可跟of。neither常構(gòu)成neither.nor 注意：“neither of +復數(shù)名詞/代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞可用單數(shù)或復數(shù) Neither of the book is/ are interesting. either兩者之一，與單數(shù)連用，常構(gòu)成either.or none(三者或以上)無任何人或東西，回答時可單獨使用。例題精講：1 We will

40、have two family parties this autumn.One is at Halloween and is at Thanksgiving.A. other B. the otherC. another D. the others1B【解析】試題分析：句意: 今年秋天我們要舉行兩次家庭聚會。一個在萬圣節(jié)，另一個在感恩節(jié)。B. the other表示兩個當中另外一個，據(jù)句意，故選B?？键c：考查代詞。2We will have two family parties this autumn. One is at Halloween and is at Thanksgiving.A.

41、 other B. the otherC. another D. the others2B【解析】試題分析：句意:這個秋天我們舉行了兩次家庭聚會，一次是萬圣節(jié)的時候，另一次是感恩節(jié)的時候。兩個事物的時候，一個one，另外一個用the other。故選B。考點：考查代詞。3A smile costs _, but gives so much.A. somethingB. anythingC. nothingD. Everything3C【解析】試題分析：句意為：一個微笑不值錢，但是包容很多。Something：一些東西， anything：任何東西， nothing：沒有東西， everythi

42、ng：所有東西，一起。根據(jù)語境可知，句子存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，后半句是肯定的，前半句應表達否定意義，結(jié)合選項可知應選C?？键c：考查不定代詞。4 Tom, supper is ready.I dont want to eat_ , Mum. Im not feeling well.A. anything B. everythingC. something D. Nothing4A【解析】試題分析：句意：湯姆，晚飯準備好了。媽媽，我不想吃任何東西，我感覺不舒服。這四個單詞后面跟謂語動詞時，都用動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)表示。anything一般用于否定句和疑問句中；something則用在肯定句中。everyth

43、ing以單數(shù)形式表達所有的概念；nothing則表示什么都沒有。結(jié)合句意，故選A。考點：考查代詞的用法。5 -Is there _ in todays newspaper?-Yes. Germany beat Argentina 1-0 to make history of winning World Cup in America.A. anything newB. new anythingC. something newD. new something5A【解析】試題分析：句意:-今天的報紙上有什么新鮮的事情嗎？-是的，德國1比0擊敗阿根廷創(chuàng)造了歷史，成為為了世界杯冠軍。anything 任

44、何事，用在否定句或疑問句中；something 某事，用在肯定句中。修飾不定代詞的形容詞應該放在他們的后面。根據(jù)句意可知選A?？键c：考查不定代詞?？键c：考查代詞的辨析6Mum, can I have something_?Oh, dear. You can only drink some water. There is_ in the kitchen.A. to drink; nothing else B. drinking; something elseC. to eat; something else D. eating; nothing else6A【解析】試題分析：句意：-媽媽，我能喝

45、一些東西嗎？-噢，親愛的。你只能喝一些水了。在廚房里沒有其它東西了。分析：聯(lián)系答語，你只能喝一些水了。推斷出對方想要喝一些東西；聯(lián)系答語的前文，只能喝水，明確沒有其它飲品了，同時考查形容詞要放在不定代詞的后面。故選 A考點：考查詞義的用法。課堂練習1Daniel was _ a bad mood and didnt talk to_ .A. on; something B. with; anybodyC. in; anybody D. in; somebody2 What would you like to drink, milk or juice? _ . Id like some wate

46、r.A. All B. EitherC. Neither D. Both3I dont want to eat_ today. Im not feeling well.A. nothing B. everythingC. somethingD. anything4Wait a moment, I have _ to tell you.A. important something B. something importantC. anything important D. important anything5 - Jack, is there _ in todays newspaper? -

47、No, nothing.A. important something B. something importantC. important anything D. anything important6 Youd better not(最好不) read todays newspaper because there is _ in it.A. nothing special B. anything newC. everything important D. something interesting7There is in todays newspaper. Lets read a story

48、book.A. something interesting B. nothing interestingC. interesting something D. interesting nothing8 -It rains heavily this morning.Is everyone here today?-Yes._of us is late for school.A. None B.Both C.Either D. All6、 專題練習 完型填空 Cinderella lives with a very mean （冷酷的） family. She has to do all the h

49、ousework. She makes the beds. She does the dishes. She 26 the meals. She even takes 27 the garbage （垃圾）.One day the family goes to a 28 at the princes palace （皇宮）. Cinderella is 29 . She says, “I want to go and dance, too! ”Suddenly a fairy princess comes and says, “I can 30 you. ” She gives Cindere

50、lla a party dress and a pair of glass 31 . Then she says, “Come home early. My magic ends at midnight. Im just learning this job. ”Cinderella goes to the party and 32 with the prince. She forgets about 33 . Then she sees a clock. It is almost midnight. Cinderella 34 home, but she loses one of her glass shoes on the way.The