八年級(jí)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、Unit 1 What s the matter?一、根底知識(shí)1. What s the matte怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/ m?t?(r)/n.問題；事情What s the matter with you?= What s the trouble with you? = What 你怎么了？h you?【注】：matter和trouble為名詞，其前可加the或形容詞性物主代詞，wrong是adj.不能加the【用法】用于詢問某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻煩、問題其后跟詢問對(duì)象時(shí)，與介詞with連用。即：What s the matter with sb.? = What

2、 s your trouble? = What s up? = What happens to sb.?What s the matter with you ? I have a bad cold.2. I had a cold 我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu 感冒have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a cough 咳嗽have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache 頭疼3. 身體部位+ache (疼痛)構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞stomach+ache=stomachac

3、he 胃疼head+ache=headache頭疼tooth+ache=toothache牙疼 back+ache=backache后背痛4. much too+ 形容詞，意為 “太，too much+名詞，意為 很多，大量。5. enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在名詞前后，形容詞、副詞后。good eno ugh 足夠好，eno ugh mon ey=much money6. lie down躺下，lie身躺，躺著，過去式lay ；lie說謊，過去式lied7. maybe或許，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子 。Maybe you are right.may be，是情

4、態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為可能，也許，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。He may be angry.sou nd like+名 詞代詞和從句：“聽起來好似。It sou nds like you don t know the truth.It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容詞， 聽起來，好似，The music sounds nice.9. need需要，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞need+名詞，需要某物；need to do sth.需要做某事，主語通常是人，表示人主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：You need to listen carefully during class.n eed doi ng

5、 sth.主語通常是物，表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作 ：Your dirty clothes n eed wash in g.10. get off (the bus)下(公交車)get o n 上車11. agree同意，贊同；agree with sth. 同意某事女口： I agree with that idea.agree to sb. 同意某人的意見女口： I agree to LiLei.12. trouble問題，麻煩 ；be in trouble遇到麻煩，make trouble制造麻煩，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in

6、) doing sth 做有麻煩。13. right away=right now=at once，意為 馬上 。14. advice 不可數(shù)名詞勸告，建議，向 征求意見，give sb. advice on sth就某事給某人建議；advise 動(dòng)詞advise sb. to do sth.建議某人做某事advise sb. doing sth.15. 【復(fù)習(xí)】exercise練習(xí)、鍛煉當(dāng)exercise意為練習(xí)時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞 即可加s當(dāng)exercise意為鍛煉時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞 即不加s16. hurt 及物動(dòng)詞，使疼痛，受傷，He hurt his leg while exercising

7、.不及物動(dòng)詞，(部位)疼。 His leg hurt badly.17. clean【動(dòng)詞】清掃，clean the classroom清掃教室，形容詞：干凈的 ，clea ner意為清潔工 。18. hit(用手或器具)打；擊打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on用在所打較硬的部位；1 亠、hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打較軟的部位。be used to sth./ doing sth.習(xí)慣于、適應(yīng)了、

8、 做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài) ;His grandpa was used to country life.Mary is not used to gett ing up early in the morning.get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. 變得習(xí)慣，“逐漸適應(yīng) 強(qiáng)調(diào)過程、動(dòng)作：It s difficult for one to get used to another country s habit.20. 【復(fù)習(xí)】free 形容詞空閑的free time;免費(fèi)的the drink is for free ;自由的 I want to become a fre

9、e bird.free【動(dòng)詞】使解脫，得到自由：He could not free his arm.21. run out用完，用盡Whe n his water run out, he knew that he would have to do someth ing to save his own life.物sth. run out.某物用盡了。人 sb. run out of sth. 人用盡了某物。He run out of all his money last night.22. risk (sb.) to do sth.冒險(xiǎn)去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒

10、險(xiǎn)23. the importance of (doing) sth.(做)某事的重要性We stude nts should know the importa nce of (lear ning) En glish.importa ncen.重要(性)， importa nt adj.重要的，uni mporta nt adj.不重要的24. decide 動(dòng)詞：決定 decision【名詞】決定；抉擇; make a decision做決定；make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth.。25. be in the control of 掌管，管

11、理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.be out of control無法控制，無法管理be under control被控制住，在控制之中26. 【復(fù)習(xí)】mind意為 介意，mind doing sth.介意做某事，Would you mind my ope ning the win dow?27. give up (doing) sth. 放棄(做)某事 ，give up (playing) computer gamesgive up后可接名詞、代詞和動(dòng)詞ing形式，也可不接，如：Never give up easil

12、y.二、重點(diǎn)語法【反身代詞】英語中共有八個(gè)反身代詞，在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意和它所指的相應(yīng)的對(duì)象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱人稱-單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself herself itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves1. 可用作賓語，指的是賓語和主語表示同一個(gè)或同一些的人或事物。如: Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well.2. 可用作表語，指的是表語和主語表示同一個(gè)或同一些人或事物。女口： She isn t quite herself

13、today.3. 可用作主語或賓語的同位語，常用來加強(qiáng)語氣。女口： She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week.4. 用在某些固定短語當(dāng)中。say to on eself自言自語leave sb. by on eself把某人單獨(dú)留下buy on eself sth.給自己買東西in troduce on eself 介紹自己?look after on eself / take care of on eself 照顧自己 teach on eself sth./ lear n sth.

14、 by on eself 自學(xué) enjoy on eself玩得快樂，過得愉快help on eself to sth請(qǐng)自用隨便吃/喝些hurt on eself摔傷自己1. 反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。女口：我自己能完成作業(yè)誤 Myself can finish my homework.正I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.2. 反身代詞表示某人自己不能表示某人的東西因?yàn)樗鼪]有所有格的形式。 表達(dá) 某人自己的東西時(shí)，須要用one s own.女口：我用我自己的蠟筆畫

15、畫。誤I m drawing with myself crayons.正I m drawing with my own crayons.Unit 1 What s the matter?一、根底知識(shí)1. ?怎么啦？出什么事情了？What s the matter with you?= What s 【注】：matter和trouble為名詞，其前可加 【用法】用于詢問某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻煩、【解析】matter/ m?t?r/n.問題；事情you? = What s with you? 你怎么了？或詞性物主代詞，wrong是 詞.不能加the問題其后跟詢問對(duì)象時(shí)，與介詞連用。即:Wha

16、t s the matter with sb.? = What s ?= What s =What ?What s the matter with you ? I have a bad cold.2. I我感冒了。have a cold= a cold=have 感冒發(fā)燒 咳嗽胃疼，肚子疼 牙疼 頭疼3. 身體部位+ache 疼痛構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞stomach+ache 胃疼 head+ache=頭疼牙疼后背痛4. much too+詞，意為 “ too much+ 詞，意為 5. enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在詞前后，詞、詞后。足夠好 足夠的錢 6. 躺下，lie _意

17、:，過去式 ; lie 意： ，過去式 7. maybe “，常用于句首，表示，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是 動(dòng)詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。He may be angry.sou nd like+名詞代詞和從句：“ It sou nds like you don t know the truth.It sounds like a good idea. sound+ 詞， 聽起來，好似，The music sounds nice.9. need意： ， 動(dòng)詞，need+名詞，需要某物；need to do sth.需要做某事，主語通常是

18、，表示人主動(dòng)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作你上課需要認(rèn)真聽講： You carefully during class.need doing sth.主語通常是，表示主動(dòng)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：你的臟衣服應(yīng)該洗洗了。 Your dirty clothes 10. (the bus) 下(公交車) 上車11. agree同意，贊同；同意某事 女口：我同意你的方法。I .同意某人的意見 女口：我同意你的意見。I 12. trouble 意; 遇到麻煩 制造麻煩 have trouble (in) doing sth. =have (in) doing sth 做有麻煩。13. = 意為馬上o14. advice 名詞 意： .就某

19、事給某人建議： advise 動(dòng)詞建議某人做某事： advise sb. sth.15. 【復(fù)習(xí)】exercise練習(xí)、鍛煉當(dāng)exercise意為 練習(xí)時(shí)，為 名詞 當(dāng)exercise意為 鍛煉時(shí)，為名詞16. hurt 動(dòng)詞，使疼痛,受傷,He hurt his leg while exercising. 動(dòng)詞，(部位)疼。 His leg hurt badly.17. clean【詞】清掃,clean the classroom清掃教室， :干凈的 ， 清潔工。18. hit(用手或器具)打；擊打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb. the /

20、打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，_ 用在所打較硬的部位；hit sb. the /打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，用在所打較軟的部位。習(xí)慣于、適應(yīng)了 、做某事 ，強(qiáng)調(diào)； His grandpa was used to country life.Mary is not used to gett ing up early in the morning.變得習(xí)慣，逐漸適應(yīng) 強(qiáng)調(diào) :It sfor one another countryabstht人們來說逐漸適應(yīng)城市的節(jié)奏是困難的。20. 【復(fù)習(xí)】free 形容詞意： free time ； the drink is for free ；I want to beco

21、me a free bird. 名詞：自由 free【動(dòng)詞】 意： : He could not free his arm.21. 用完，用盡 物sth. run out.某物用盡了。人 sb.th. 人用盡了某物。He run out of all his money last night.22. risk sb. to do sth.冒險(xiǎn)去做某事take a risk=take risks 冒險(xiǎn)23. the doing sth.做某事的重要性should know English我們學(xué)生應(yīng)該認(rèn)識(shí)到學(xué)英語的重要性。 n. 重要性： adj.重要的: adj.不重要的： 24 動(dòng)詞： 決定： 【名詞】 決定； 抉擇 ； 做決定 ; 下決心去做某事： 25. 掌管，管理：The headmaster is this new school.校長(zhǎng)管理這所新學(xué)校。無法控制，無法管理： 被控制住，在控制之中： 26. 【復(fù)習(xí)】 mi nd 意為： ， 介意做某事： Would you the wind