仁愛英語七年級下冊語法總結(jié)及練習(xí)題8頁

1、初一語法專項練習(xí)一頻度副詞（一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的標(biāo)志）alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldom never，once a week, twice a month, three times a year, everyday等等對頻度的提問，應(yīng)該用how often（ ）1.How often does your sister surf the Internet? About _.A. three timeB. three times C. three time every day D. three times a day （ ）2. He is going there _ J

2、uly 28th. A. on B. atC. inD. to（ ）3. Thank you for _ me find my little cat yesterday. A. help B. helpsC. helped D. helping（ ）4.Are you good at _? A. swimB. swimmingC. to swimD. swam（ ）5. Could I use your computer? _. A. Yes, I can.B. Yes, you cant C. Sorry, you cant D. No, I cant.（ ）6. _ does it tak

3、e you to watch TV? About forty minutes. A. How long B. How muchC. How often D. How many（ ）7. When it rains, I _ a taxi. A. takeB. ride C. byD. sit（ ）8. _ are you staying in Ottawa? For two weeks. A. How long B. How manyC. How oftenD. How much（ ）9. Does Babara go to work _bus or _ foot? A. to; by B.

4、with; onC. by; onD. on; on（ ）10. My birthday is in_. A. TuesdayB. April C. March 3rdD. Monday二交通方式的表達：by+交通工具或動詞短語構(gòu)成by bike, by bus, by car , by plane , by train , by subway，by land, by air, by sea, by water, on foot,（ride a bike, take a bus, take a plane, take a train, take the subway, walk to）問交通方

5、式則應(yīng)該用how, 如：How does he go to school? How do you go to the park? How does she go to work?1. My mother goes to work by bus.(同義句) My mother goes to work _ _ _.2. My grandma often goes home by subway. (就劃線部分提問) _ does your grandma often _ home?3.Miss Yang walks to work everyday . (改為同義句) Miss Yang goes

6、 to work _ _ everyday?4.My grandma usually takes the subway home. （就劃線部分提問） your grandma go home?三、現(xiàn)在進行時：1. 定義：表示（說話瞬間）正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。經(jīng)常與now, at the moment, look, listen等詞連用。2. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be (am/ is/ are)v-ing （動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞） Im watching TV now. 3. 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：（1）一般情況下在動詞詞尾加ing。gogoing ask asking looklooking （2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)

7、尾的動詞，去掉e加ing。have having taketaking makemaking writewriting（3）以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫最后一個字母，再加-ing。getgettingswimswimming beginbeginning shopshopping4. 現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的肯定式、否定式、疑問式及簡略回答。（1）肯定式：bev-ing She is singing in the next room. （2）否定式：benotv-ing The students arent cleaning the room. （3）一般問句：be動詞提前?？隙ù鹫ZYes，主語

8、be，否定答語No，主語be not。5.特殊疑問問句：疑問詞be 主語doing其他？(疑問詞一般疑問句). 寫出下列動詞的ing形式1. clean_ 2. read_ 3. play_ 4. have_5. get_6. eat_7. take_8. make_ 9. look_ 10.watch_.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Amy is playing computer games. (一般疑問句，肯定回答)_ _2.They are doing their homework.（一般疑問句 否定句）_3. The students are cleaning the classroom . (一般疑

9、問句，否定回答)_ _4. Im playing football on the playground .(畫線提問)_5. Tom is reading books in his study . (畫線提問)_四現(xiàn)在進行時與一般現(xiàn)在時的區(qū)別：（一）一般現(xiàn)在時定義：表示經(jīng)常性的動作。 經(jīng)常與頻率副詞（時間狀語）連用：often經(jīng)常, usually通常, always總是， every每個, sometimes有時， at在幾點鐘等。 只有第三人稱單數(shù)用動詞三單形式，其余動詞均用原形 。（二）現(xiàn)在進行時1. 定義：表示（說話瞬間）正在進行或發(fā)生的動作,。經(jīng)常與now, at the momen

10、t, look, listen等詞連用。1.現(xiàn)在進行時表示動作的暫時性，而一般現(xiàn)在時表示動作的習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性 I am watching TV now. （暫時性） I watch TV every day. （經(jīng)常性）2.現(xiàn)在進行時可表示短暫性動作，而一般現(xiàn)在時表示長久性動作。Lucy is living in Beijing.（短時間居?。㎜ucy lives in Beijing. （長久性居?。┯脛釉~的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. We often_(play) in the playground.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3. -Who_(sing)a son

11、g? -Li Ying is.5. Danny _(study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. _ Mike_(read) English every day?8. Look,the boy_(run)fast.9. -What are you doing? -I_(do) my homework.10. Look！ The boy over there_(play) a model plane.五、there be

12、 句型1、 定義：There be句型表示某處存在某物或某人。2、結(jié)構(gòu)：(1) There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+ 地點狀語. (2) There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+地點狀語.注意事項： there是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，翻譯時也不必譯出。句子的主語是某人或某物，謂語動詞be要與主語（某人或某物）的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語是兩個或兩個以上的名詞時，謂語動詞要與跟它最近的那個名詞一致。如：There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我們教室里有一位老師和許多學(xué)生。There are many students an

13、d a teacher in our classroom. 樹下有兩個男孩，一個女孩。there be 句型的?？键c考點一：各種句型轉(zhuǎn)化。1：變成否定There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not a/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n.。例如： There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.2：變成一般疑問句There be句

14、型的一般疑問句變化是把be動詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問號即可。但同時要注意：當(dāng)肯定句中有some時，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）。There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? Yes, there is. No, there isnt.There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water? Yes, there are. No,there arent.3：特殊疑問句對主語提問：當(dāng)主語是人的時候，則用who 引導(dǎo)，當(dāng)主語是物的時候，則用what

15、 引導(dǎo)。注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對之提問時一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時卻要根據(jù)實際情況來決定)。如： There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room? 對地點狀語提問：則用where 引導(dǎo)。如：There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the f

16、our children? 對數(shù)量提問：般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)： How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語？ How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語？練習(xí)I. 將下列句子變成否定句和一般疑問句。1.There is some water in the bottle. _2.There are many apples in the box. _II. 對句子劃線部分提問。3.There are seven days in a week. _4.There are lots of books in our library._5.There is a knife over

17、 there. _6.There is a little milk in the glass. _。( )8.There_ not _ milk in the cup on the table . A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,many D. is ,much ( )9.How many _ are there in the room ? A. apple B. students C. milk D. paper ( )10. There _ something wrong with our classroom. A. are B. has C. is D

18、. have六、介詞、 at + 具體時刻：at 3：00 on + 具體某天 in + 年、月、季節(jié)及一天中的某部分eg. 1._ the morning 2._ Monday morning 3. _ a rainy evening 4. _3:50 5._ 2002 6._ the morning of April 10 7._ spring 8._ night 9._ this time 10. _ March另外注意：在時間詞（morning , afternoon , evening ; Sunday）前有l(wèi)ast, next , this , that時，不再用介詞. tomor

19、row, tonight前也不用介詞。、in , on , at 表地點：at一般指小地方； in一般指大地方或某個范圍之內(nèi)； on往往表示“在某個物體的表面”。eg. 1)He arrived _Shanghai yesterday.2)They arrived _a small village before dark.3)There is a big hole _ the wall.4)The teacher put up a picture _ the wall.、 in the tree(外加在樹上的事物) on the tree(樹上自身具有的花、果、葉等) in the wall(

20、鑲嵌在墻內(nèi)部的事物) on the wall(墻表面的事物) 1) There is a map _ the wall 2) There are four windows _ the wall.V、 in front of :在前面/方（范圍外） in the front of:在前部（范圍內(nèi)） 類似區(qū)別：at the back of與behind七一般過去時態(tài)1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。2Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasnt）are在一般過

21、去時中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=werent）帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子 否定句：didnt +動詞原形，如：Jim went home yesterday.Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句？如：Jim wen

22、t home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday? What did Jim do yesterday?與表示過去的一些時間狀語連用。1. yesterday或以其構(gòu)成的短語：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等；2. 由“l(fā)ast+一時間名詞”構(gòu)成的短語：last night, last year (winter, month, week)等；3. 由“時間段+ago”構(gòu)成的短語：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等；4. 其它：just now等5. 由某些表示

23、過去時態(tài)的從句等。動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾是輔音字母加一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不規(guī)則動詞過去式：過去時練習(xí)寫出下列動詞的過去式 cook_ enjoy_ dance_ help_ live_ begin_ hurt_ draw_ write_ read_ come_ go_do_ is_ are_ come_ p

24、lay_ sing_ ask_ dance_ have_ write_ can_ swim_ ride_ take_ speak_ make_一、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1I _ at school just now.2He _ at the camp last week.3We _ students two years ago.4They _ on the farm a moment ago.5Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7There _ some milk i

25、n the fridge on Sunday.8The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It was exciting. 否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited. 否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_3. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day. 否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_4. Nancy went to school early. 否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_5. We

26、 sang some English songs. 否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯、否定回答：_綜合時態(tài)練習(xí)：用正確的動詞形式填空。1.The children are _ (run) there now.2.-I _ up at half past six this morning. (get ) 3.My mother _ a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon . (buy)4.Listen! Who_(sing) in the music room? Oh. Mary _(sing) there.5.They _ a meeting yesterday. (

27、not have)6.- _ you _ ( have) any color pens? -Sorry, I dont have any. 7.She likes eggs, but she _ (not like) bread.8.My mother _ (tell) me a story every night.9.- How much meat _ you _ (want) ? - A kilo, please.10.Someone _ (be) in the next room. 11.There _ (be) a pen and two erasers in the pencil-

28、box.12.The twins _ thirteen two years ago. (be)13.Where _ her friend _ (swim) now, do you know? 14.Look! The bus _ (come).15.She _ (go) to school from Monday to Friday. 16.She always _ (do) your homework well.17.-What _ she _ (do)? -She _ (clean) her room now.18.Look at the man. He _ (drink) tea. 19.Listen! She _ (sing) an English song.20.They _ (clean) the floor now.21.The day before