英語(yǔ)詞匯學(xué)wordformationPPT學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1英語(yǔ)詞匯學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞匯學(xué)wordformation第1頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第2頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第3頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第4頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第5頁(yè)/共51頁(yè) 1. Root (or root morphemes) : the basic unchangeable part of a word, and covers the main lexical meaning of the word. e.g. work, workable, worker, worked, working - semantically related words Roots are, therefore, the cores of Engli

2、sh words. Historically, the root is the earliest form of a word. Roots are either free or bound: a. Free root: In English many roots are free morphemes, such as boy, moon, walk, black ( i.e. they can stand alone as words). A word consisting of one free root (or one morpheme) is a simple words. Free

3、roots, just like simple words, belong to the basic word-stock, and have the fundamental features of the basic word-stock . Free roots provide the English language with basis for the formation of new words. 第6頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第7頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第8頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第9頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第10頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第11頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第12頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第13頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第14頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第15頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第16頁(yè)/共51

4、頁(yè)第17頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第18頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第19頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第20頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第21頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第22頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第23頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第24頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第25頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第26頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第27頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第28頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第29頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第30頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第31頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)(1) 具有某種職業(yè)或動(dòng)作的人具有某種職業(yè)或動(dòng)作的人1) -an, -ain, 表示地方的人，精通的人” American, historian,2) -al, 表示具有職務(wù)的人 principal,3) -ant,-ent, 表示者” merchant, agent, servant, student,4) -ar, 表示的

5、人” scholar, liar, peddler5) -ard, -art, 表示做的人” coward, laggard, braggart6) -arian, 表示派別的人， 主義的人” humanitarian, vegetarian7) -ary, 表示從事的人 secretary, missionary8) -ant, 表示具有職責(zé)的人 candidate, graduate9) -ator, 表示做的人 educator, speculator(投機(jī)者)10) -crat, 表示某種政體，主義的支持者 democrat, bureaucrat11) -ee, 表示動(dòng)作承受者 em

6、ployee, examinee12) -eer, 表示從事于人 engineer, volunteer13) -er, 表示從事某種職業(yè)的人, 某地區(qū)，地方的人 banker, observer, Londoner, villager第32頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第33頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第34頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第35頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第36頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第37頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第38頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第39頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第40頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第41頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第42頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第43頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)White, Sowell, Yanagihara (1989)Study of American Heritage Word Frequency

7、Book (Carroll, Davies, Richmond, 1971)Using this list of high frequency words:Prefixes:Un- alone accounts for 26% of the prefixed words. Un-, re-, and in- (not) account for 51% of the total.Un-, re-, in-, and dis- account for 58% of the total.Suffixes:-s, -es, ing, account for 65% of suffixed words.

8、Just 10 suffixes account for 85% of suffixed words- -s, -es, -ing, -ly, -er, -ion, -able, -al, -y, -ness第44頁(yè)/共51頁(yè) 1.My pen _. I cannot find it. (appear) 2.The book is on the top shelf. Im not tall and I am _ to reach it. (able) 3.Its _ for him to catch the early bus, because he got up too late this

9、morning. (possible) 4. _ leads to quarreling. (understand)disappearedunableimpossibleMisunderstandingFill in the blanks with proper words.第45頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)n 5.Miss Wang is a _. She loves her job writing novels. (novel)n 6.The teachers words were a great _ to him. (encourage)n 7.Hangzhou is so _that it attra

10、cts many visitors. (beauty)n 8. The accident happened because of his _. (care)novelistencouragementbeautifulcarelessness第46頁(yè)/共51頁(yè) overweight超重的超重的不斷地，無(wú)休止地不斷地，無(wú)休止地可接受的可接受的失業(yè)失業(yè)反戰(zhàn)的反戰(zhàn)的不方便的不方便的隔音的隔音的超自然的超自然的使使變黑變黑endlesslyacceptableunemploymentinconvenientanti-warsoundproofdarkensupernatural第47頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)hist

11、oric: notable or memorable in history.e.g. a historic speech economic: of economics, connected with commerce and industry.e.g. economic policycomic: of comedy, causing people to laughe.g s comic operahistorical: pertaining to history.A historical novel/studyeconomical: not wasteful; careful in spend

12、ing money, time,etc. and in the use of goods.e.g. the car is economical to runcomical: slightly dero. and infml. amusing in an odd waye.g. a comical old hat第48頁(yè)/共51頁(yè)第49頁(yè)/共51頁(yè) Continuance, continuation and continuity - all refer to the act or state of enduring or remaining in existence.continuance- enduring intransitively.continuation- implies resumption in a transitive sense.continuity- describe the state or quality of being continuous. e.g. The country h