計(jì)算機(jī)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯

1、計(jì)算機(jī)專(zhuān)英語(yǔ)翻譯Chapter 3 Iintroduction Not long ago ,trained specialists were required to perform many of the operations you can now do with a microcomputer. Market analysts used calculatorsto project sales. Graphic artistscreated designs by hand. Data processing clerks created electronic files to be store

2、d on large computers. Now you can do all these tasksand many otherswith a microcomputer and the appropri ate application software. 不久以前，我們需要一些專(zhuān)業(yè)的訓(xùn)練人員去執(zhí)行，現(xiàn)在計(jì)算機(jī)就能執(zhí)行的操作。 市場(chǎng)分析人員用計(jì)算器做項(xiàng)目銷(xiāo)售。圖形藝術(shù)家手工創(chuàng)造的設(shè)計(jì)。數(shù)據(jù)處理人員創(chuàng)建的電子文件被存儲(chǔ)在大型計(jì)算機(jī)上?，F(xiàn)在你可以做所有這些任務(wù)或者其他許多任務(wù)，用計(jì)算機(jī)或者其他應(yīng)用軟件。 Think of the microcomputer as an electronic t

3、ool. You may not consider yourself very good at typing, calculating, organizing, presenting, or managing information. However a microcomputer can help you do all these things and much more. All it takes is the right kinds of software. 把微機(jī)作為一種電子工具。你可能不認(rèn)為自己很擅長(zhǎng)打字、計(jì)算、組織、展示或管理信息。微機(jī)可以幫你做所有這些事情，以及更多。我們只要選擇

4、正確的軟件就可以。 Competent end users needto understand the capabilities of basic application software, which includes word processors, spreadsheets, database management systems, and presentation programs. They need to know about integrated packages and software suites. 終端用戶(hù)只要具備了解基本應(yīng)用軟件的能力，包括文字處理、電子表格、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理

5、系統(tǒng)和演示程序。使用者只要知道集成軟件包和軟件套件。 Application SoftwareApplication Software As we discussed in Chapter 1, there are two kinds of software.System software works with end users, application software, and computer hardware to handle the majority of technicaldetails. Application software, also known simply as a

6、pps, can be described as end-user software and is used to accomplish a variety of tasks. 應(yīng)用軟件（Application Software ）作為我們?cè)诘?章中討論的，有兩種軟件。終端用戶(hù)的系統(tǒng)軟件（System software）和應(yīng)用軟件。計(jì)算機(jī)硬件處理大部分的技術(shù)細(xì)節(jié)。應(yīng)用軟件，也被稱(chēng)為應(yīng)用程序（APP），可以被描述為最終用戶(hù)軟件，用于各種任務(wù)的完成。Application software, in turn, can be divided into two categories. Onecateg

7、ory, basic applications, is the focus of this chapter. They includeword processors, spreadsheets,database management systems, andpresentation graphics. The othercategory, specialized applications,includes thousands of other programsthat tend to be more narrowly focused and used in specific discidlin

8、es and occupations. Specialized applications are presented in Chapter 4. 反過(guò)來(lái),應(yīng)用軟件分為兩類(lèi)。一種類(lèi)別是、基本應(yīng)用程序,是這一章的焦點(diǎn)。它們包括文字處理程序、電子表格、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)演示圖形。另一種類(lèi)別是、專(zhuān)業(yè)應(yīng)用程序包括成千上萬(wàn)的其他程序更傾向于某種特定的工作和用于特定的任務(wù)和職業(yè)。專(zhuān)業(yè)應(yīng)用程序?qū)⒃诘谒恼聦W(xué)習(xí)。 Common Features A userinterface is the portion of the application that allows you to control and to int

9、eract with the program. Almost all applications use a graphical user interface (gui) that displays graphical elements called icons to represent familiar objects and a mouse. The mouse controls a pointer on the screen that is used to select items such as icons. Another feature is the use of windows t

10、o display information. A windowis simply a rectangular area that can contain a document, program, or message. (Do not confuse the term window with the various versions of Micro- softs Windows operating systems, which are programs.) More than one window can be opened and displayed on the computer scr

11、een at one time, Traditionally, most software programs use a system of menus, toolbars, and dialog boxes. (See Figure 3-1.) 共同的特征 用戶(hù)界面是應(yīng)用程序的一部分,使你控制程序并且和程序進(jìn)行交互。幾乎所有的應(yīng)用程序使用一個(gè)圖形用戶(hù)界面(gui ，graphical user interface )顯示的圖形元素稱(chēng)為圖標(biāo)icons它代表熟悉的對(duì)象和一個(gè)鼠標(biāo)指針。鼠標(biāo)控制屏幕上的指針pointer,用于選擇項(xiàng)目,如圖標(biāo)。另一個(gè)功能是使窗口來(lái)顯示信息，窗口windowis只是一

12、個(gè)矩形區(qū)域,可以包含一個(gè)文檔,程序,或消息。(不要混淆詞窗口與微軟不同版本的Windows操作系統(tǒng)程序。)窗口可以打開(kāi)多個(gè)并顯示在電腦屏幕上,傳統(tǒng)上,大多數(shù)軟件程序使用一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的菜單,工具欄和對(duì)話(huà)框。(見(jiàn)圖3 - 1)。 present commands that are typically displayed in a menu bar at the top of Menus the screen. TooIbars typically appear below the menu bar and include small graphic elements called buttons th

13、at provide shortcuts for quick access to commonly used commands. Dialog boxes provide additional information and request user input. 菜單命令Menus,通常是顯示在屏幕的頂部菜單欄。 工具欄TooIbars通常出現(xiàn)在菜單欄里,小圖形元素稱(chēng)為按鈕buttons它是快捷鍵，快速訪問(wèn)常用的命令。 對(duì)話(huà)框Dialog boxes提供額外的信息和用戶(hù)輸入的請(qǐng)求。 Many Microsoft and other appliations . use an interface

14、 known as the ribbongui. Designed to make it easier to find and use aIi the features of an application. this gui uses a system of ribbons,tabs,and galleries. (See Figure 3-2 ) 許多微軟和其他應(yīng)用使用一個(gè)接口被稱(chēng)為功能區(qū)界面ribbongui 。為了更容易找到并使用應(yīng)用程序的特性。這個(gè)gui使用系統(tǒng)的功能區(qū)，標(biāo)簽，圖表。(見(jiàn)圖3 - 2) Ribbons replace menus and toolbars by orga

15、nizing commonly used commands into a set of tabs. These tabs display command buttons that are the most relevant to the tasks being performed by the user. 把常用常用的命令功能區(qū)設(shè)置一種功能區(qū)它代替了菜單欄和工具欄。這些選項(xiàng)卡顯示最相關(guān)或者與用戶(hù)正在執(zhí)行的任務(wù)相關(guān)聯(lián)的命令按鈕。 Tabs are used to divide the ribbon into major activity areas. Each tab is then organ

16、ized into groups that contain related items. Some tabs, called contextual tabs, only appear when they are needed and anticipate the next operations to be performed by the user. 標(biāo)簽是用來(lái)把功能區(qū)分成主要的活動(dòng)區(qū)域。每個(gè)標(biāo)簽包含相關(guān)條目然后分組。一些標(biāo)簽,稱(chēng)為上下文選項(xiàng)卡,只在需要時(shí)才會(huì)顯示和預(yù)測(cè)下一個(gè)用戶(hù)執(zhí)行的操作。 Galleries simplify the process of making a selectio

17、n from a list of alternatives. This is accomplished by graphically displaying the effect of alternatives before being selected. 圖標(biāo)僅僅處理的一系列從列表中可以做出的選擇。這在可供選擇的圖形化顯示選擇之前完成。 Many applications support speech recognition, the ability to accept voice input to select menu options and dictate text. See Makin

18、g IT Work for You: Speech Recognition on pages 74 and 75. To learn more about how speech recognition works, visit our Web site at pujang2O and enter the keyword speech. 許多應(yīng)用程序支持語(yǔ)音識(shí)speech recognition別,能夠接受語(yǔ)音輸入選擇菜單選項(xiàng),并決定文本。使它為你工作:語(yǔ)音識(shí)別在74和75頁(yè)。學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于語(yǔ)音識(shí)別是如何工作的,請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn)我們的網(wǎng)站pujang2O,輸入關(guān)鍵字的演講。 Word Processors

19、Word processors create text-based documents and are one of the most flexible and widely used software tools. All types of people and organizations use word processors to create memos, letters, and faxes. Organizations create newsletters, manuals, and brochures to provide information to their custome

20、rs. Students and researchers use word processors to create reports. Word processors can even be used to create personalized Web pages. Microsoft Word is the most widely used word processor. Other popular word processors include Corel Word Perfect, Apple Pages, Open Office, and Google Docs.文字處理軟件 文字處

21、理軟件創(chuàng)建文本文檔documents ，是最 靈活和廣泛使用的軟件工具。所有類(lèi)型的人們和組織使用文字處理器來(lái)創(chuàng)建備忘錄、信件和傳真。組織創(chuàng)建簡(jiǎn)報(bào)、手冊(cè)和小冊(cè)子向他們的客戶(hù)提供信息。學(xué)生和研究人員使用文字處理器來(lái)創(chuàng)建報(bào)告。文字處理軟件甚至可以用來(lái)創(chuàng)建個(gè)性化的Web頁(yè)面。Microsoft Word是應(yīng)用最廣泛的文字處理器。其他受歡迎的字處理程序包括Corel Word Perfect, Apple Pages, Open Office, and Google Docs.Features Word processors provide a variety of features to make e

22、ntering, editing, and formatting documents easy. One of the most basic features for entering text is word wrap. This feature automatically moves the insertion point to the next line once the current line is full. As you type, the words wrap around to the next line. 文字處理軟件提供的各種輸入功能,容易編輯和格式化文檔。最基本的特性之

23、一,用于輸入文本自動(dòng)換行word wrap 。此功能自動(dòng)將插入點(diǎn)移動(dòng)到下當(dāng)前行的下一行。當(dāng)你輸入時(shí)文字就在下一行。 There are numerous features designed to support editing or modifying a document. One of these is a thesaurus that provides synonyms, antonyms, and related words for a selected word or phrase. You can quickly locate and replace selected words

24、using the find and replace feature. Spelling and grammar checkers look for misspelled words and problems with capitalization, punctuation, and sentence structure. Other features are designed to improve the format or appearance of a document. One of the most basic is the font or design of the charact

25、ers. (See Figure 3-3.) The height of a character is its font size. The appearance of characters can be enhanced using such character effects as bold, italic, and colors. Rather than individually selecting specific fonts sizes, and formats, the styles feature, found in most word processors, enables u

26、sers to quickly apply a predefined set of formatting characteristics to text in one easy step. Bulleted and numbered lists can make a sequence of topics easy to read. 有許多特性旨在支持編輯editing或修改一個(gè)文檔。其中之一就是一本同義詞典thesaurus提供同義詞、反義詞、相關(guān)詞匯選擇的詞或短語(yǔ)。您可以快速查找和替換所選單詞使用查找和替換find and replace功能。拼寫(xiě)和語(yǔ)法檢查器Spelling and gra

27、mmar checkers尋找拼錯(cuò)的單詞和資本化問(wèn)題,標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào),和句子結(jié)構(gòu)。其他功能是為了提高文檔的格式format或外觀。最基本的是字符的字體font或設(shè)計(jì)。(見(jiàn)圖3 - 3)。一個(gè)字符的高度是它的字體大小font size 。字符可以增強(qiáng)使用這些字符的外觀效果加粗character effects as bold,斜體,和顏色。而不是單獨(dú)選擇特定的字體、大小和格式,風(fēng)格styles特性,發(fā)現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)文字處理軟件,使用戶(hù)能夠快速應(yīng)用一組預(yù)定義的格式化特征,文本在一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的步驟。項(xiàng)目符號(hào)和編號(hào)列表Bulleted and numbered lists可以讓一系列的話(huà)題容易閱讀。 Case As

28、sume that you have accepted a job as an advertising coordinator for Adventure Travel Tours, a travel agency specializing in active adventure vacations. Your primary responsibilities are to create and coordinate the companys promotional materials, including flyers and travel reports. To see how you c

29、ould use Microsoft Word as the advertising coordinator for the Adventure Travel Tours, see Figures 3-4 and 3-5.假定已經(jīng)接受了一份作為Adventure Travel Tours廣告協(xié)調(diào)員的工作,旅行社積極冒險(xiǎn)假期的顧問(wèn)。你的主要職責(zé)是創(chuàng)造和協(xié)調(diào)公司的宣傳材料,包括傳單和旅行報(bào)告。看看作為廣告協(xié)調(diào)員你是如何使用Microsoft Word為Adventure Travel Tours工作的。見(jiàn)圖3 - 4和3 - 5。 Spreadsheets Spreadsheet programs

30、 organize, analyze, and graph numeric data such as budgets and financial reports. Once used exclusively by accountants, spreadsheets are widely used by nearly every profession. Marketing professionals analyze sales trends. Financial analysts evaluate and graph stock market trends. Students and teach

31、ers record grades and calculate grade point averages. The most widely used spreadsheet program is Microsoft Excel. Other spreadsheet applications include Apple iWorks Numbers and Corel Quattro Pro.電子表格 電子表格程序組織、分析和圖表數(shù)值型數(shù)據(jù),如預(yù)算和財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告。曾經(jīng)被會(huì)計(jì)師獨(dú)自使用的電子表格,現(xiàn)在被每一個(gè)行業(yè)廣泛使用。市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)專(zhuān)業(yè)人士分析銷(xiāo)售趨勢(shì)。金融分析師評(píng)估股票市場(chǎng)趨勢(shì)和圖。老師和學(xué)生成績(jī)記錄

32、和計(jì)算平均成績(jī)。使用最廣泛的是Microsoft Excel電子表格程序。其他電子表格應(yīng)用程序包括Apple iWorks Numbers and Corel Quattro ProFeatures Unlike word processors, which manipulate text and create text documents, spreadsheet programs manipulate numeric data and create workbook files. Workbook files consist of one or more related worksheet

33、s. A worksheet, also known as a spreadsheet or sheet, is a rectangular grid of rows and columns. For example, in Figure 3-6, the columns are identified by letters and the rows are identified by numbers. The intersection of a row and column creates a cell, For example, the cell D8 is formed by the in

34、tersection of column D and row 8.特征 與與文字處理程序不同、電子表格可以操作文本和創(chuàng)建文本文檔、電子表格可以操縱數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)和創(chuàng)建工作簿文件Workbook files 。工作簿文件包含一個(gè)或多個(gè)相關(guān)的工作表worksheets 。一個(gè)工作表,也被稱(chēng)為電子表格或表spreadsheet or sheet,是一個(gè)矩形網(wǎng)格的行和列。例如,在圖3 - 6中,列是由字母，行是由數(shù)字標(biāo)記 。行和列相交的地方是一單元格cell,例如,D8是D列和8行的交叉點(diǎn)。 A cell can contain text or numeric entries. Text entries o

35、r labels provide structure to a worksheet by describing the contents of rows and columns. For example,in Figure 3-6, cell B8 contains the label Food. The cell D8 contains a number identified as the food expense. 一個(gè)小交叉區(qū)域可以包含文本或數(shù)字條目。文本條目或標(biāo)簽Text entries or labels提供的一份工作表結(jié)構(gòu)描述行和列的內(nèi)容。例如,在圖3 - 6中,B8包含食物標(biāo)簽。

36、D8包含許多的食物費(fèi)用標(biāo)簽。 A numeric entry can be a number or a formula. A formula is an instruction to calculate or process. For example, the cell F15 contains the formula E5 E13. This formula will calculate a value and display that value in cell F15. The value is calculated by taking the value in cell E5 and

37、subtracting the value in cell E13. Functions are prewritten formulas provided by the spreadsheet pro- gram that perform calculations such as adding a series of cells. For example, the cell E13 contains the function SUM(D8:D12), which adds the values in the range from D8 to D12. A range is a series o

38、f continuous cells. In this case, the range includes D8, D9, Dl0, Dll, and D12. The sum of the values in this range is displayed in cell E13. Spread sheet programs typically provide a variety of different I types of functions, including financial, mathematical, statistical, and logical functions. So

39、me of these functions are presented in Figure 3-7. 數(shù)字條目numeric entry可以是一個(gè)數(shù)字或一個(gè)公式。一個(gè)公式是一個(gè)指令計(jì)算或過(guò)程。例如,F15 E5 E13包含公式。這個(gè)公式來(lái)計(jì)算一個(gè)值并顯示在F15。計(jì)算值是通過(guò)E5的值減去E13的值。電子表格程序提供預(yù)先寫(xiě)入的公式Functions,并執(zhí)行計(jì)算，如添加一系列的小交叉空間。例如,E13包含函數(shù)之和(D8:D12),增加的值的范圍從D8 D12。范圍是一系列range連續(xù)的小交叉空間。在這種情況下,范圍包括D8、D9,Dl0,Dll,D12。在這個(gè)范圍內(nèi)的值的總和顯示在E13。擴(kuò)展板

40、項(xiàng)目通常會(huì)提供各種不同的類(lèi)型的功能,包括金融、數(shù)學(xué)、統(tǒng)計(jì)和邏輯功能。其中一些功能提出了如圖3 - 7所示。 Analytical graphs or charts are visual representations of data in a spreadsheet. You can readily create graphs in a spreadsheet program by selecting the cells containing the data to be charted and then selecting the type of chart to display. If y

41、ou change one or more numbers in your spreadsheet, all related formulas will automatically recalculate and charts will be recreated. This is called recalculation. The process of observing the effect of changing one or more cells is often referred to as what if analysis. For example, to analyze the e

42、ffect of a rent increase in the Monthly Budget worksheet in Figure 3-6, all you would need to do is replace the contents in cell D9. The entire spreadsheet, including any charts that had been created, would be recalculated automatically. 分析圖形Analytical graphs或圖表charts能直觀表示電子表格中的數(shù)據(jù)。通過(guò)選擇區(qū)域包含要繪制的數(shù)據(jù),然后選

43、擇圖表顯示的類(lèi)型，您可以很容易地在一個(gè)電子表格程序中創(chuàng)建圖形。如果你的電子表格改變一個(gè)或多個(gè)數(shù)字,所有相關(guān)的公式會(huì)自動(dòng)重新計(jì)算和所有圖表將被重新創(chuàng)建。這就是所謂的重新計(jì)算recalculation 。觀察的過(guò)程中改變一個(gè)或多個(gè)區(qū)域的影響通常被稱(chēng)為假設(shè)分析what-if analysis 。例如,分析每月租金的影響增加預(yù)算工作表在圖3 - 6中,所有你需要做的就是在區(qū)域D9替換內(nèi)容。整個(gè)表格,包括任何已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建的圖表,將自動(dòng)重新計(jì)算。CaseCase Assume that you have just accepted a job as manager of the Downtown Intern

44、et Cafe. This cafe provides a variety of flavored coffees as well as Intemet access. One of your responsibilities is to create a financial plan for the next year: To see how you could use Microsoft Excel, the most widely used spreadsheet program as the manager for the Downtown Internet Cafe, see Fig

45、ures 3-8 through 3-10假設(shè)你剛剛接受了市中心網(wǎng)吧經(jīng)理的工作。這個(gè)咖啡館提供各種風(fēng)味的咖啡以及上網(wǎng)服務(wù)。你的職責(zé)之一是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)明年的財(cái)務(wù)計(jì)劃看看你作為市中心網(wǎng)吧經(jīng)理如何使用應(yīng)用最廣泛的電子表格程序Microsoft Excel,參見(jiàn)圖3 - 8 3 - 10Database Management Systems A database is a collection of related data. It is the electronic equivalent of a file cabinet. A database management system (DBMS) or

46、database manager is a program that sets up, or structures, a database. It also provides tools to enter, edit, and retrieve data from the database. All kinds of individuals use databases, from teachers recording grades to police officers checking criminal histories. Colleges and universities use data

47、bases to keep records on their students, instructors, and courses. Organizations of all types maintain employee databases. The most widely used database management system designed for microcomputers is Microsoft Access.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng) 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)是相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)的集合。這相當(dāng)于一個(gè)電子文件柜。數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)(DBMS)或數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理器是一種程序用于設(shè)置或創(chuàng)建一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。它還提供了工具實(shí)現(xiàn)輸入

48、、編輯和從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中檢索數(shù)據(jù)。各種各樣的人使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),從教師記錄成績(jī)到警察檢查犯罪歷史。學(xué)院和大學(xué)使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)來(lái)記錄他們的學(xué)生,教師,課程。各種類(lèi)型的組織建立員工數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。使用最廣泛用于微型計(jì)算機(jī)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)是Microsoft Access。FeaturesThe relational database is the most widely used database structure. Data is organized into related tables. Each table is made up of rows called records and columns called

49、fields. Each record contains fields of data about some specific person, place, or thing. 關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)relational database是應(yīng)用最廣泛的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)。數(shù)據(jù)被組織成相關(guān)表。每個(gè)表tables是由被稱(chēng)為記錄records和字段fields的行和列組成。每條記錄包含對(duì)一些特定的人、地方或事物的字段組成的數(shù)據(jù)。 A DBMS provides a variety of tools to create and use databases. A sort tool will quickly rearran

50、ge a tables records according to a selected field. A filter tool will display only those records meeting the conditions you specify. The greatest power of a DBMS, however, comes from its ability to find and bring together information stored in separate tables using queries, forms, and reports. A que

51、ry is a request for specific data contained Tg in a database. Database forms look similar to traditional printed forms. These electronic forms are displayed on the computer monitor and typically reflect the contents for one record in a table. DBMS提供了各種工具來(lái)創(chuàng)建和使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。根據(jù)選定的字段使用一種工具很快就會(huì)重新排序sort一個(gè)表的記錄。一個(gè)過(guò)濾

52、器filter工具將只顯示指定條件的記錄。DBMS強(qiáng)大的功能是,使用查詢(xún)queries,表格 forms, 和 報(bào)告reports.，在不同的表中找到并匯集信息的能力。查詢(xún)query是在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中請(qǐng)求特定的數(shù)據(jù)。Forms表單與傳統(tǒng)印刷形式相似。這些表單在電腦顯示器上顯示,通常反映表中一條記錄的內(nèi)容。 They are primarily used to enter new records and to make changes to existing records. Data from tables and queries can be printed in a variety of dif

53、ferent types of reports from a simple listing of one field in a table to a list of selected fields based on a query involving several tables. 它們主要用于輸入新的記錄，并對(duì)現(xiàn)有的記錄進(jìn)行修改。從表和查詢(xún)的數(shù)據(jù)可以打印在不同類(lèi)型的報(bào)表中，查詢(xún)列表中一個(gè)字段的列表到基于包含多個(gè)表的的列表都可以打印出來(lái)。Case Assume that you have accepted a job as an employment administrator for the

54、 Lifestyle Fitness Club. One of your responsibilities is to create a data- base management system to replace the clubs manual system for recording employee information. To see how you could use Microsoft Access, one of the most widely used relational DBMS programs, as the employment administrator fo

55、r the Lifestyle Fitness Club, see Figures 3-11 and 3-12.案例 假設(shè)你已經(jīng)接受了一份工作，作為一個(gè)健身俱樂(lè)部生活方式的管理者。您的職責(zé)之一是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)，以取代俱樂(lè)部的員工手動(dòng)記錄信息的系統(tǒng)。看你如何使用應(yīng)用最為廣泛的一種關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)的程序微軟Access，對(duì)于生活方式的健身俱樂(lè)部就業(yè)管理員，見(jiàn)圖3-11和3-12。Presentation graphicsResearch shows that people learn better when information is presented visually. A pi

56、cture is indeed worth a thousand words or numbers. Presentation graphics are programs that combine a variety of visual objects to create attractive, visually interesting presentations. They are excellent tools to communicate a message and to persuade people. People in a variety of settings and situa

57、tions use presentation graphics programs to make their presentations more interesting and professional. For example, marketing managers use presentation graphics to present proposed marketing strategies to their superiors. Salespeople use these programs to demonstrate products and encourage customer

58、s to make purchases. Students use presentation graphics programs to create high-quality class presentations. Three of the most widely used presentation graphics programs are Microsoft PowerPoint, Corel Presentations, and Apple Keynote.演示圖形 研究表明，視覺(jué)上的信息能更好幫助人們學(xué)習(xí)。一張圖片一可以表達(dá)很多字或數(shù)字的內(nèi)容。視覺(jué)上有趣的演示程序結(jié)合各種視覺(jué)對(duì)象來(lái)創(chuàng)建有吸引力的演示圖形。他們是一個(gè)很好傳遞信息和說(shuō)服人們的工具。人們?cè)诟鞣N各樣的環(huán)境和情況下使用演示圖形程序，使他們的演講更有趣和更專(zhuān)業(yè)。例如，營(yíng)銷(xiāo)經(jīng)理使用演示文稿圖形向他們的上司提出建議的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)策略。銷(xiāo)售人員使用這些程序來(lái)展示產(chǎn)品，并吸引客戶(hù)購(gòu)買(mǎi)。學(xué)生使用演示圖形程序來(lái)創(chuàng)建高質(zhì)量的課堂演示。最廣泛使用的圖形演示程序是Micr，osoft PowerPoi