2019_2020高中英語Unit2Theenvironment單元過關(guān)檢測(二)(含解析)牛津譯林版必修5

1、Unit 2 The environment單元過關(guān)檢測 （ 二）（ 時間： 100 分鐘，滿分： 120 分 ）第一部分 閱讀理解 （共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分）第一節(jié) （ 共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分 ）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAre you planning for your first ever international trip？ No worries ！We have alist of places that are perfect for first-time getaways.BaliBali is ever char

2、ming.Photographs cannot describe the beauty of its beaches，coral reefs ， temples and forest areas.The temples ， especially Tanah Lot ， are quite a sight.The Mt. Batur is another amazing experience.Top attractions： Tanah Lot ， Kuta Beach ， Nusa Dua and Jimbaran Beach.MaldivesMaldives is an amazing be

3、ach destination.Here you can spend quality time awayfrom the city life.Its bright blue shoreline ， clean air and white sand can make you start feeling as if you had landed in heaven.Then you get on a seaplane to the hotel that you have booked.The seaplane journey is an adventure that helps you see s

4、ome of the most beautiful islands.Top attractions： water sports， beach and outdoor activities ， local markets andmore.MauritiusWhether you are into scenic beauty ， adventure ， or food ， this island will not disappoint you.Mark Twain said ， “ Mauritius was made first and then heaven. ” You can spend

5、an evening in Port Louis and have dinner in Namaste Restaurant.Spend all the other days visiting only the beaches.If you are visiting Ile Aux Cerfs， ensure youreach the island as early as possible as it closes at 4 p m.Top attractions： Grand Bay ， Blue Bay ， skydiving and bird watching.SingaporeClas

6、sical buildings stand tall with elegant skyscrapers（ 摩天大樓 ） all around the island-city ， mixing perfectly with fancy shopping malls.This small country has good enough places for your 5 6 days stay.Top attractions： shopping ， street foods ， museums and theme parks.解題導(dǎo)語】 本文向初次進(jìn)行海外旅行的人們推薦了幾個不可錯過的旅游目的地。

7、1lf you are interested in water skiing， which place is the best choice?ABali.B Maldives.CMauritius.D Singapore.B 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù) Maldives部分的 Top attractions：water sports.可知，水上運(yùn)動最適合在馬爾代夫玩，滑水屬于水上運(yùn)動，故選“ Maldives ”。2 What do we know about Mauritius?A Mark Twain loved Mauritius more than his country.B Port L

8、ouis is not open at daytime.C Only beaches are worth visiting in Mauritius.DYou can t visit Ile Aux Cerfs at night.D 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Mauritius 部分的 If you are visiting Ile Aux Cerfs ， ensure you reach the island as early as possible as it closes at 4 p. m.可知，lieAux Cerfs 在下午四點(diǎn)關(guān)門，由此可知在晚上不能參觀 Ile Aux Cerfs

9、 。3What can we learn from this text?AYou re not allowed to take pictures in Bali.BPeople take seaplanes rather than ships in Maldives.CSingapore combines the classical and modern culture.DSummer is the best time to visit the four places.C 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Singapore 部分的 Classical buildings stand tall with

10、 elegant skyscrapers（ 摩天大樓 ） all around the island-city.可知新加坡融合了古典與現(xiàn)代文化。BEndangered mountain gorillas（ 大猩猩 ） are close biological cousins to humans.Over the past decade， people have made more efforts to help their fellow primates.And now， the results are proving to be positive.According to new infor

11、mation given by the Uganda Wildlife Authority and the World Wild Fund for Nature（WWF）， the total world population of mountain gorillas has risen in the last two years.While mountain gorillas remain an endangered species ， this increase is largely due to the actions of conservationists（ 保護(hù)工作者 ） “Moun

12、tain gorillas are the only great ape experiencing a population increase ，”said David Greer， the WWFs African Great Ape Program Manager. “ This is largely due to strong conservation efforts and successful community work. ”Strength in Numbersln 2000 ， the total population of mountain gorillas was only

13、 320.The low numberwas a result of illegal hunting， habitat loss ， and disease.Since then，the numberhas risen ， but slowly.Mountain gorillas live in Rwanda， Uganda， and Democratic Republic of Congoall countries in central Africa.To ensure more protection and care， nearly half ofthe existing populati

14、on lives in a national park.Bwindi Impenetrable National Park，located in the northern part of Rwanda， is home to 400 mountain gorillas.They haveformed 36 social groups and are led by 16 male gorillas.Ten of these groups have become used to human s research and tourism.Family TiesMountain gorillas ar

15、e highly social creatures that live in a community environment.Typically ， mountain gorillas live in a group of about 30 individuals.The leader is an older male who organises the group for hunting and nesting.This male can weigh up to 500 pounds and stand nearly 6 feet tall.Often he will have silver

16、 hair on his back ， marking his senior age and dominance（優(yōu)勢） within the group.Likeany community ， gorillas depend on one another.Now，they are depending on humans tohelp keep them alive.4 The number of mountain gorillas is increasing mainly because of A fewer and fewer forests being cut by peopleB th

17、e strict laws for huntingC constantly changeable habitatsD the efforts of conservationistsD 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第三句“ .this increase is largely due to the actions of conservationists（ 保護(hù)工作者 ） ”可知近幾年山地大猩猩增加主要是保護(hù) 工作者不斷努力的結(jié)果。5 Now mountain gorillas mainly live A on the bare mountainsB in a national parkC in

18、 some personal homesD in some forestsB 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題 Strength in Numbers 下的“ To ensure more protection and care ， nearly half of the existing population lives in a national park. ” 可知，為了確保對山地大猩猩的保護(hù)和照顧，幾乎一半大猩猩都在國家公園生活。6 We can infer from the last paragraph that A individual mountain gorillas can liv

19、e without depending on othersB. the young male mountain gorillas are in charge of the organisationC. the weight and height are very important for the male leader of mountain gorillasD. the grey hair on the head of the leader stands for his senior ageC 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Family Ties下的第一句Mountain gorillas

20、arehighly social creatures that live in a com munity environment.”可知A 項(xiàng)錯誤； 根據(jù)“The leader is an older male who organises.”可知 B 項(xiàng)錯誤； 根據(jù).silver hairon his back ，marking his senior age. ”可知D項(xiàng)錯誤； 根據(jù)Thi s male can weigh upto 500 pou nds and sta nd nearly 6 feet tall.”可知這只雄性猩猩領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的體重和身高很重要，因此C項(xiàng)正確。7. What s

21、the purpose of the passage?A. To introduce the lifestyle of mountain gorillas.B. To tell the relati on ship betwee n mountain gorillas and huma ns.C. To call on us human beings to help protect mountain gorillas.D. To warn us the extinction of mountain gorillas.C解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)一、二句以及文章最后一句總結(jié).they ar

22、edepe ndi ng on huma ns to help keep them alive.”可知，本文的寫作目的是號召我們?nèi)祟惻ΡＷo(hù)山地大猩猩。CThe Africa n elepha nt, the largest land ani mal remai ning on earth, is of greatimporta nee to Africa n ecosystem .Un like other ani mals, the Africa n elepha nt is to agreat exte nt the builder of its environmen t.As a bi

23、g pla nt-eater,it largely shapesthe forest - and - savanna（大草原）surroundingsin which it lives, thereforesetting the terms of existenee for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.It is the elephant s great desire for food that makes it a disturber of theenvironment and an important builder

24、 of its habitat.Inits continuous search for the300 pounds of pla nts it must have every day, it kills small trees and under-bushes,and pulls bran ches off big trees.This results in nu merous ope n spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the Africansavannas.ln the

25、seope n spaces are nu merous pla nts in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other pla nt-eaters.Take the rai nforests for example .In their n atural state, the spread ing bran chesoverhead shut out sun light and preve nt the growth of pla nts on the forest floor.Bypullingdown trees an

26、d eating plants,elephants make open spaces, allowingnew plantsto grow on the forest floorn such situati ons the forests become suitable for largehoofed plant - eaters to move around and for small plant- eaters to get their food aswell.What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has beco

27、me an endangered species.If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.【解題導(dǎo)語】 本文是一篇說明文。 非洲象對非洲森林和大草原的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)十分重要， 它 們的覓食對生態(tài)環(huán)境有很大影響?，F(xiàn)在， 令科學(xué)家們擔(dān)憂的是， 非洲象正瀕臨滅絕， 這也 就意味著整個非洲的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)正在遭受

28、威脅。8What does the underlined phrase“ setting the terms” most probably mean?A Improving the quality.B Worsening the state.C Fixing the time.D Deciding the conditions.D 解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知， 非洲象對非洲的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)十分重要， 它 們在很大程度上是生態(tài)環(huán)境的創(chuàng)造者， 它們塑造了非洲的森林和大草原的環(huán)境。由此可推斷 出， 非洲象決定了在它們的棲息地上生活的其他動物的生存條件。因此，“ setting theterms

29、” 的意思應(yīng)為“決定了條件”。故選D。9 The passage is developed mainly by A showing the effect and then explaining the causesB giving examplesC pointing out similarities and differencesD describing the changes in time orderA 解析：寫作手法題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知， 第一段內(nèi)容主要介紹了非洲象對整個非洲 生態(tài)環(huán)境的重大影響， 接下來的三段內(nèi)容主要解釋了為什么它們會有這么大的影響。因此全 文應(yīng)是按照先給出結(jié)果、再說

30、明原因的方式展開的。故選A。10 What is the passage mainly about?A Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.B The eating habit of African elephants.C Disappearance of African elephants.D The effect of African elephants search for food.D 解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可判斷出， 本文主要講述了非洲象對非洲森林和 大草原的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要性， 它們的覓食對生態(tài)環(huán)境有很

31、大影響。故選D。11 What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?A They are home to many endangered animals.B They result from the destruction of rainforests.CThey are attractive to plant- eating animals of different kinds.D They provide food mainly for African elephants.C 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句 In these

32、 open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters.可知， 那些開闊的地方對各種食草動物很具吸引力。故選C。DA lot of teachers hate doodlers（ 亂 寫 亂 畫 的 人 ） during classes. “ Pay attention ！” Teachers will often warn doodling students, thinking that they must be daydreaming.

33、However, according to a recent study, doodling while listening to a boring lecture helps concentrate attention.Andrade, a psychology professor in England asked participants to listen to a boring lecture.Half the participants were told to color in squares and circles freely on a piece of paper while

34、listening to the lecture.The other half weren t given atask.After it was over, the participants were asked to retell the lecture.“ Those given the doodling task remembered 29 percent more information than the non- doodlers ，”Andrade said. “ If someone is doing a boring task, like listening to a dull

35、 conversation, they may start daydreaming ，” said Professor Andrade. “ Daydreaming distracts（ 使分心 ） them from the task ， resulting in poorer performance.A simple task, like doodling, can stop them from daydreaming without affecting their performance at the task. ”So next time you re doodling during

36、a class, and you hear “Pay attention ！”，you can tell the teacher with confidence that you ve been paying attention to everyword.【解題導(dǎo)語】 在課堂上亂寫亂畫被認(rèn)為是上課不專心的表現(xiàn)，但一項(xiàng)研究表明，亂寫 亂畫有助于集中注意力，你相信嗎？12 The passage mainly tells us A doodling will be banned in classB teachers are against doodlingC doodling may help c

37、oncentrateD doodling can lead to daydreamingC 解析： 主旨大意題。 文章主要介紹的是一項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果： 亂寫亂畫有助于集中注意力，故 C 項(xiàng)切題。13 Teachers hate doodlers because they thought A doodlers are not good at studyB doodlers are doing no taskC doodlers pay no attention in classD doodlers are not polite to themC 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的“ Teachers wi

38、ll often warn doodling students, thinking that they must be daydreaming. ”可知，老師討厭在課堂上亂寫亂畫的學(xué)生，因 為老師認(rèn)為他們一定是在做白日夢，上課不專心。14 According to the text, it is helpful to doodle when A a boring lecture is givenB an interesting story is toldC watching a long TV programD you are having a conversation with a teac

39、herA 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段以及第三段的“ .asked participants to listen toa boring lecture. ”可知，當(dāng)聽一個枯燥的講座時，亂寫亂畫有助于集中注意力，故A 項(xiàng)切題。15 We can learn from the text that A doodling is the best way to draw attentionB daydreaming is different from doodlingC doodling will be helpful in any occasionD every student should doodl

40、e in classB 解析： 推理判斷題。 根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知， 老師認(rèn)為亂寫亂畫的人一定是在做白日夢， 而研究結(jié)果表明，亂寫亂畫有助于讓人集中注意力，阻止人做白日夢，可見，亂寫亂畫與做 白日夢是不同的。第二節(jié)（共5小題； 每小題 2分， 滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容， 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余 選項(xiàng)。The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we ve never been before.But just as in face

41、to face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line.16. Imagine how you d feel if you were inthe other person s shoes.For anything you re about to send: ask yourself ，“ Would I say this to the persons face ？” If the answer is no,rewrite and reread.17.If someo

42、ne in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct（本能 ） is to fire backin the same manner.But try not to do so.18. If it was caused by a disagreementwith another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it.Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.19 Offer

43、 advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure whatto do or how to communicate.When someone makes a mistake, whether it s a stupidquestion or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it.If it s a small mistake,you may not need to say anything.Even if you feel strongly about it, think tw

44、ice before saying anything.Having good manners yourself doesn t give you license to correcteveryone else.20. At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure tocorrect yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex

45、and income.Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, don t ask such questions.AIt s natural that there are some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online.BRepeat the process till you feel sure that you d feel comfortable saying the wo

46、rds to the person s face.C Everyone was new to the network once.D The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated.EWhenyou send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear.F You should either ignore the person,or use your chat softw

47、are to block theirmessages.G If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake, point it out politely.答案： 16 20.DBFCG第二部分 語言知識運(yùn)用 （ 共兩節(jié)，滿分 45 分 ）第一節(jié) （ 共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分 ）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A、B C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的 最佳選項(xiàng)。In 1883 ， a creative engineer ， John Roebling ， was inspired to build a splend

48、id bridge connecting New York with Long Island.However， experts throughout the worldthought that this was 21_. Even so , Roebling could not_22 the idea in his mind.After much discussion, he_23_convince his son Washington , an up - and - comingengineer , that the bridge in fact could be built.They hi

49、red their_24_and began tobuild their dream bridge.Only a few months_25_the project was underway a tragic on-site accident killedJohn Roebling and_26_ injured his son , leaving him brain - damaged and unable to move or_27=. Surely now the project would have to be _28_ . Though Washington Roeblinglay

50、in his hospital bed, he was not_29_and his mind remained as_30_ as it wasbefore the accide nt.Sudde nly an idea_31_him.All he could move was one fin ger,so he_32= the arm of his wife with that fin ger,_33_ to her that he wan ted her tocall the engineers again.Then he used the same method of tapping

51、her arm to tell theengin eers what to do.For 13 years Wash ington tapped out his_34= with one fin ger un til the bridge was_35_ompleted.Perhaps this is one of the best examples of n ever- say - die attitude that_36_a_terrible physical disability and achieves an impossible_37_. Often when we facediff

52、iculties in our daily lives, our problems seem very small_38 what many othershave to face.The Brooklyn Bridge shows us that even the most_39_dream can be realized with_40_no matter what the cha nces are.21. A.impossibleB. unnecessaryC. hardD. excellentA 解析：從上文的However和下文可知，其他專家認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)工程困難太大，不可能完成，故 imp

53、ossible 正確。22. A.recognizeB. acceptC. ignoreD. believeC 解析：由上下文可知，John Roebling認(rèn)為工程是可以完成的，所以不愿放棄，故C項(xiàng)ignore符合文意，此處，應(yīng)特別注意空前的否定詞not。23. A.attempted toB. sought toC. failed toD. man aged toD解析：由下文可知，父子二人共同開始這項(xiàng)工程，說明John Roebling 說服了兒子，只有 managed to能表達(dá)這一含義。attempt to 和seek to 都可表示試圖”，但并不一定 成功。24. A.family

54、B. crewC. classD. teamB解析：crew指“（有專門技術(shù)的）一組工作人員”，而建設(shè)橋梁這樣的工作正需要這樣的人，所以B項(xiàng)crew為正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)與文意顯然不符。25 A.sinceB beforeC afte rD whenC 解析：由下文可知，工程剛開始不久就發(fā)生了事故，父子二人一死一傷，連詞after最符合文意。26 A.severelyB slightlyCpoorlyD hardlyA 解析： 由下文 leaving him brain-damaged and unable to move 可知， 兒子 Washington Roebling 傷勢嚴(yán)重，故選 s

55、everely 。27 A.workB sayCeatD talkD 解析：由下文 Washington Roebling 用敲打手指的方法來傳遞信息可知事故使他失去 了行走及說話能力，故選 talk 。注意 say 是及物動詞，要有賓語，從語法角度可以被排除。28 A.continuedB abandonedCinterruptedD accomplishedB 解析：由文意可知，既然工程的兩位工程師都無法再進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)工程，那么工程應(yīng)該被 放棄了，故 abandon 正確。29 A.defeatedB hurtCfrightenedD destroyedA 解析：由上下文可知，兒子 Washi

56、ngton 身體受到極大創(chuàng)傷，但 （精神 ）沒有被厄運(yùn)打 敗，故 defeat 正確。30 A.sharpB broadCnobleD advancedA 解析： sharp 可以用來指人的頭腦、眼睛等敏銳，由上下文可知，Washington 身在醫(yī)院，但頭腦仍十分敏銳，所以能成功地指揮工人完成橋梁建設(shè)。其他選項(xiàng)與文意不符。31 A.beatB occurredChappenedD hitD 解析：由上下文可知， Washington 無法走動和談話，但他想到可以用手指敲打來傳遞信息。D項(xiàng)hit表示“使（某人）突然想起”；occur to 也可表達(dá)此意，但介詞to不可省。32 A.wavedB feltCtouchedD heldC 解析：由下文 tapping her arm 可知， Washington 開始用手指敲打來傳遞信息，所以touch 正確。Bspeaking33A.appealingCindicatingD advisingC 解析：由文意可知， Washington 用手指敲打， 是想“告訴”妻子如何去做， indicating 符合此意。34 A.ordersB instructionsCsuggestionsD movementsB 解析：由文意可知， Washin