電大巖土力學試題6答案小抄

1、專業(yè)好文檔標 準 答 案一、 簡單回答下列各題1 答：（1）土是由完整堅固巖石經(jīng)風化、剝蝕、搬運、沉積而形成的；（2分） （2）第四紀沉積物有：殘積物；坡積物；洪積物；沖積物；海相沉積物；湖沼沉積物；冰川沉積物；風積物。（8分）2答：強度低；壓縮性大；透水性大（3分）。3答：（1）控制填土的含水量為最優(yōu)含水量；（1分） （2）改善土的顆粒級配；（1分） （3）控制分層厚度不要過后；（1分） （4）增加碾壓參數(shù)或能量。（1分）4答：（1）粘性土受擾動后強度降低，而靜止后強度又重新增長的性質(zhì)，稱為粘性土的觸變性；（2分） （2）粘性土的觸變性有利于預制樁的打入；而靜止時又有利于其承載力的恢復。（3

2、分）5答：（1）是指土在表面張力作用下，沿著細小孔隙向上或其它方向移動的現(xiàn)象；（1分） （2）對工程危害主要有：路基凍害；地下室潮濕；土地的沼澤化而引起地基承載力下降。（3分）6答：（1）其主要原因是，凍結(jié)時土中未凍結(jié)區(qū)水分向凍結(jié)區(qū)遷移和積聚的結(jié)果；（2分） （2）對工程危害：使道路路基隆起、鼓包，路面開裂、折斷等；使建筑物或橋梁抬起、開裂、傾斜或倒塌。（3分）7答：（1）壓縮試驗過程：現(xiàn)場取土樣，放于固結(jié)儀中；分級加荷，并觀測各級荷載下的壓縮量；繪制壓縮曲線。（3分） （2）指標有：壓縮系數(shù)；壓縮指數(shù)；壓縮模量。（3分）8答：（1）其根本原因是土體內(nèi)的剪應力在某時刻大于土的抗剪強度；（2分）

3、 （2）促使剪應力增加的原因有：土坡變陡；動水力過大；坡頂有超載；打樁、爆破及地震等動荷載作用；（4分） （3）造成土抗剪強度降低的原因有：凍脹再溶化；振動液化；浸水后土的結(jié)構(gòu)崩解；土中含水量增加。（4分）9答：（1）地質(zhì)條件與水文地質(zhì)條件；（2分） （2）河流沖刷深度；（1分） （3）當?shù)貎鼋Y(jié)深度；（1分） （4）上部結(jié)構(gòu)形式與荷載；（1分） （5）當?shù)氐匦螚l件；（1分）10答：（1）板樁墻；（1分） （2）噴射混凝土；（1分） （3）現(xiàn)澆混凝土；（1分） （4）地下連續(xù)墻。（1分）11答：（1）木樁；（1分） （2）鋼筋混凝土樁；（1分） （3）鋼樁。（1分）12答：（1）挖孔灌注樁；（1

4、分） （2）鉆孔灌注樁；（1分） （3）沉管灌注樁；（1分） （4）爆擴樁。（1分）13答：（1）圍堰法；（1分） （2）吊箱法：（1分） （3）套箱法；（1分） （4）沉井結(jié)合法。（1分）14答：（1）人工挖掘；（1分） （2）爆破。（1分）二、解： 孔隙比 干容重 飽和容重 浮容重 孔隙率 飽和度 （10分）三、解：（1）主動土壓力的計算（5分） 主動土壓力系數(shù) 在墻頂， 在墻底， 總主動土壓力為 其分布如下圖所示 p總（2）被動土壓力的計算（5分） 被動土壓力系數(shù) 在墻頂，kpa 在墻底， 總主動土壓力為 其分布如下圖所示 p總四、解：分兩層，第一層厚度為1.6m；第二層厚度為2.4m。

5、 第一層平均附加應力 第二層平均附加應力 （10分）winger tuivasa-sheck, who scored two tries in the kiwis 20-18 semi-final win over england, has been passed fit after a lower-leg injury, while slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against usa.both sides boast 100% records

6、heading into the encounter but australia have not conceded a try since josh charnleys effort in their first pool match against england on the opening day.aussie winger jarryd hayne is the competitions top try scorer with nine, closely followed by tuivasa-sheck with eight.but it is recently named rug

7、by league international federation player of the year sonny bill williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournament so far.the kiwi - with a tournament high 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first player to win the world cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphin

8、g with the all blacks in 2011.id give every award back in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend, said williams.the (lack of) air up there watch mcayman islands-based webb, the head of fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in london for the football associations 150th anniversary celebration

9、s and will attend citys premier league match at chelsea on sunday.i am going to be at the match tomorrow and i have asked to meet yaya toure, he told bbc sport.for me its about how he felt and i would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedi

10、ngs against cskafor the racist behaviour of their fans duringcitys 2-1 win.michel platini, president of european footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.cska said they were surprised and disappointed by toures complaint. in a statement the russ

11、ian side added: we found no racist insults from fans of cska. baumgartner the disappointing news: mission aborted.the supersonic descent could happen as early as sunda.the weather plays an important role in this mission. starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph

12、, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. the balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. it will climb higher than the tip of mount everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even hig

13、her than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. as he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.the balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( then, i would assume, he will s

14、lowly step out onto something resembling an olympic diving platform.they blew it in 2008 when they got caught cold in the final and they will not make the same mistake against the kiwis in manchester.five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the l

15、ast try they conceded was scored by englands josh charnley in the opening game of the tournament.that could be classed as a weakness, a team under-cooked - but i have been impressed by the kangaroos focus in their games since then.they have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough

16、, even contests - strong defence, especially on their own goal-line, completing sets and a good kick-chase. theyve been great at all the unglamorous stuff that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your team-mates.it is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final.in johnathan thurston, cooper cronk, cameron smith and either billy slater or greg inglis at full-back they have a spine that is unmatched in rugby league. they have played in so many high-pressure games - a priceless asset going into saturday.t