值得重視的形容詞詞組作狀語用法

1、值得重視的形容詞詞組作狀語用法 在英語中，部分由過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞詞組可以在句中作原因狀語，通?？醋魇且粋€“簡化”了的原因狀語從句。在運(yùn)用時常常把從屬連詞、主語及be動詞全部“簡化”掉（此時，該形容詞詞組的邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致），有時只“簡化”掉主語和be動詞，使得句子結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，節(jié)奏明快，語言含蓄。由于該類詞組作狀語時形式及意義上與過去分詞詞組作狀語用法非常相似，所以，命題者往往從此角度命題，以假亂真，考查學(xué)生的考點定位意識及辨別能力。這類用法是近年來高考熱點，應(yīng)予以重視。 由過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞詞組作狀語與過去分詞詞組作狀語雖然形式上相似，但實質(zhì)有別：由過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞詞

2、組作狀語時描述主語所處的某種狀態(tài)，主語與其無被動關(guān)系；而過去分詞詞組作狀語時，主語與該過去分詞是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系。解題時可以從理清動詞邏輯關(guān)系角度入手，分析主語與其是被動關(guān)系還是狀態(tài)含義，然后結(jié)合句意定位選答，即可鎖定答案。下面結(jié)合歷屆高考題對此語法現(xiàn)象作一歸納。 高考真題 1. （2010全國卷ii，第11題） though_to see us， the professor gave us a warm welcome. a. surprising b. was surprised c. surprised d. being surprised 2. （2009湖南卷，第21題） every

3、 evening after dinner， if not_from work， i will spend some time walking my dog. a. being tired b. tiring c. tired d. to be tired 3. （2009浙江卷，第3題）_and short of breath， andy and ruby were the first to reach the top of mount tai. a. to be tired b. tired c. tiring d. being tired 4. （2005北京春招卷，第34題）_with

4、 a difficult situation， arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. a. to face b. having faced c. faced d. facing 解析 第1題答案是c。 該讓步狀語從句還原為though the professor was surprised to see us. 第2題答案是c。 該條件狀語從句還原為if i am not tired from work. 第3題答案是b。 該讓步狀語從句還原為though they were tired and short of breath. 第4題答案是c。

5、該原因狀語從句還原為because arnold was faced with a difficult situation. 知識歸納 具有上述用法的形容詞詞組可分為以下三類： 1. 表示人的情感、心態(tài)變化或心理感受方面的形容詞詞組。該類詞組通常由過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞和介詞in/at/for/with/of/about等構(gòu)成，常用的有： be surprised at/to do sth， be moved for， be interested in， be discouraged for/with， be amused at/with， be inspired with/for， be d

6、elighted at/with/about， be astonished with/at， be satisfied with， be pleased with， be worried about， be tired of， be scared with/at、 be embarrassed about/with， be/feel stressed about/with， be lost in thought， be frightened at/of， be shocked at， be scared at/with/about/of， be determined to do sth， be

7、 upset about/for， be concerned with/about， be disappointed with/about等。例如： satisfied with his school results， toms father decided to buy him a new bike as a reward. 湯姆的父親對他的成績很滿意，決定作為獎賞給他買輛新自行車。 lost in thought， he nearly ran into the car in front of him. 由于走了神，他差點撞在前面的車上。 frightened of loneliness，

8、the girl darent stay at home by herself. 由于害怕孤獨，這個女孩不敢獨自呆在家里。 worried about her sons safety， the mother joined in his sons summer camping. 由于擔(dān)心兒子的安全，這位母親也參加了兒子的夏令營活動。 determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune， mike left home without saying a word. 麥克下決心不發(fā)大財決不回來，所以他一言未發(fā)就離開了家。 若

9、上述詞組中的介詞用了by， 則該類詞組就表示被動含義。試比較： moved by the movie greatly， she burst into tears. 由于被影片情節(jié)所感動，她禁不住流下了眼淚。 inspired by the young mans words， the workers got down to their own business. 在這位年輕人的感召下，工人們開始認(rèn)真地干起來。 2. 部分描述人的行為狀態(tài)的形容詞組也可這樣用。常用的有： be devoted to doing sth， be married to， be absorbed in， be seated in/at， be buried in， be dressed in， be engaged in等。例如： devoted to the teaching a11 his life， the old teacher was loved and respected by all the villagers. 由于畢生致力于教育事業(yè)，這位老教師受到了全村人的愛戴和敬仰。 seated at the last time， he couldnt se