2022版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 32 自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)課時(shí)提能練

1、2022版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 32 自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)課時(shí)提能練2022版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 32 自然環(huán)境、自然遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)課時(shí)提能練年級(jí)：姓名：課時(shí)提能練(三十二).閱讀理解a(2019湖南衡陽(yáng)二模，b)by the time robert porter allen was born in 1905, the whooping crane(鳴鶴) was already in trouble. the beautiful bird was once commonly found across north america. by 1941, the whooping crane populati

2、on had dwindled to the double digits.the tallest species in north america were critically endangered.in the 1940s, the remaining cranes migrated (遷徙) every year from the gulf coast of texas to somewhere in the north of canada to breed (繁殖)the conservation community didnt know where the birds went. t

3、he wetlands where they used to spend winters were growing rarer and rarer as they were dried and built on, and the birds were dying in large numbers on the long migration flight. a tiny, nonmigrating group of whooping cranes was alive in louisiana in 1941, but the group had disappeared by the time a

4、llen started his research.in 1942, allen undertook the whooping crane project. over the next three years, he did almost constant field work that took him from texas up the cranes migration route to nebraska, and on into saskatchewan in search of the nesting ground of the birds.studying the bird in i

5、ts breeding habitat and seeing how many birds were born would allow conservationists to understand how to help the birds on their journey. but finding the whooping cranes nesting site meant difficult and fruitless air searches over northern canada.in 1952, allen wrote a report on the whooping crane.

6、the report was a warning call to the conservation community：only 33 migrator? “whoopers” remained, and their nesting site still hadnt been found. two years later, the whooping cranes breeding grounds in canadas wood buffalo national park were finally found, and allen headed north to study them first

7、hand，an “incredibly difficult journey，” in sprunts words. allens work laid the groundwork for conservationists to save the birds.their efforts paid off as the numbers reached 57 by 1970 and 214 by 2005. today, the whooping crane is still listed as endangered, but there are roughly 600 birds alive.【語(yǔ)

8、篇解讀】本文為記敘文，講述了一名動(dòng)物保護(hù)者保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物鳴鶴的故事。1what is the passage mainly about?ait is a story about allens searching for a lost bird.bit is a story about the cranes long migration flight.cit is a story about the crane surviving the winters.dit is a story about conserving the whooping crane.d主旨大意題。本題題干意為：本文的主要內(nèi)容

9、是什么？第一至二段介紹了鳴鶴的瀕危程度，第三至五段介紹了robert porter allen為保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物鳴鶴所做的工作，最后一段介紹了他所做工作取得的成效。綜上所述，本文主要講述了有關(guān)保護(hù)鳴鶴的故事，故答案為d項(xiàng)。2what does the underlined word “dwindled” mean in the first paragraph?aincreased.breduced.cstayed.dlimited.b詞義猜測(cè)題。本題題干意為：第一段中畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞“dwindled”的意思是什么？根據(jù)上下文尤其是本句中的“double digits”(兩位數(shù)字)可知答案為b項(xiàng)(減少)。a

10、：增加；c：保持；d：限制。3according to the passage, which of the following is mainly responsible for what happened to the remaining whooping cranes?ahabitat loss.billegal hunting.cnatural disaster.ddeadly diseases.a細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為：根據(jù)本文，下列哪一項(xiàng)應(yīng)對(duì)剩余的鳴鶴所發(fā)生的事負(fù)主要責(zé)任？根據(jù)第二段中“the wetlands where they used to spend winters we

11、re growing rarer and rarer as they were dried and built on，and the birds were dying in large numbers on the long migration flight.(隨著濕地的干涸以及人們?cè)跐竦厣细憬ㄖ鼈冞^(guò)去過(guò)冬的濕地越來(lái)越少，這種鳥(niǎo)在長(zhǎng)距離遷徙過(guò)程中大量死亡。)”可知答案為a項(xiàng)(棲息地的喪失)。b：非法捕獵；c：自然災(zāi)害；d：致命疾病。4which of the following events took place in 1954?athe nonmigrating group of who

12、oping cranes disappeared.brobert porter allen undertook the whooping crane project.cthe whooping cranes breeding grounds were discovered.drobert porter allen wrote a report on the whooping crane.c細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為：在1954年發(fā)生了下列哪個(gè)事件？根據(jù)題干中的“1954”在文中尋找1954年或接近1954年的段落，由此可知定位到第五段；根據(jù)第五段中的“in 1952”及該段中“two years

13、 later，the whooping cranes breeding grounds in canadas wood buffalo national park were finally found，.”可知答案為c項(xiàng)(鳴鶴的繁衍地被發(fā)現(xiàn))。b(2021新高考八省聯(lián)考卷)in my everyday life，i am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways to reduce my carbon footprint on the planet.a carbon footprint is the measure of influe

14、nce our activities have on the environment，in particular climate change.it is calculated by the amount of greenhouse gas we produce in our daily lives.fortunately，nowadays it is much easier to make ecofriendly lifestyle choices than，lets say,20 years ago.but one question has been on my mind a lot la

15、tely：is it better to buy new ecofriendly products or used traditionally produced goods?after doing some research，i have decided that some things are better new and others are better used.let me try to explain.a carbon footprint is made up of two parts，the primary footprint and the secondary footprin

16、t.the primary footprint is a measure of our direct emissions(排放) of carbon dioxide(co2) from the burning of fuels，including household energy consumption and transportation.the secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect co2 emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we usethose related to t

17、heir production and breakdown.based on this understanding，we have a good deal of control and responsibility over our carbon footprint.things like dishes，clothes and furniture fall into the“secondary footprint” group，so less is more and we can focus on finding used goods to avoid the added production

18、.however，for the car and the other appliances(設(shè)備) that we need we can go with new，energysaving models.i heard somewhere that electronics and appliances give off 90% of their carbon footprint after they leave the factory.so it seems most reasonable to go for the energysaving models.the main concern h

19、ere is the amount of energy that goes into the making of new products and whether or not that extra carbon is worth the_footprint the product will make once it gets to you.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者一直努力減少生活中的碳足跡，但是新型環(huán)保產(chǎn)品和使用過(guò)的傳統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品，哪一種更能減少碳足跡呢？作者通過(guò)研究和對(duì)比給我們找到了答案：他們各有千秋。5what is the text mainly about?awhat ap

20、pliances to buy to save energy.bwhat a carbon footprint means in our life.chow to identify different carbon footprints.dhow to make ecofriendly lifestyle choices.d主旨大意題。文章第一段中“fortunately, nowadays it is much easier to make ecofriendly lifestyle choices(幸運(yùn)的是，現(xiàn)在更容易選擇環(huán)保的生活方式)”以及困擾作者的一個(gè)問(wèn)題“is it better

21、to buy new ecofriendly products or used traditionally produced goods(新型環(huán)保產(chǎn)品和使用過(guò)的傳統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品，選擇哪一種更好)”再根據(jù)第二段一整段的內(nèi)容，作者通過(guò)研究得出答案，有時(shí)候是新型環(huán)保產(chǎn)品好，有時(shí)候是另一種更好。文章接下來(lái)的段落分析了作者這個(gè)答案是怎樣找到的。由此可知，文章的內(nèi)容主要是關(guān)于怎樣選擇更環(huán)保的生活方式的。故選d。6what do we know about the secondary carbon footprint?ait is related to our consumption of fuels.bit

22、 is made when we are buying the products.cit is less harmful than the primary carbon footprint.dit is counted as ours though not directly made by us.d推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“the secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect co2 emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we usethose related to their prod

23、uction and breakdown.(第二種足跡是表示我們使用的產(chǎn)品在整個(gè)生命周期中間接排放的二氧化碳，這些是和他們的生產(chǎn)和排放有關(guān)的)”可知，第二種碳足跡雖然不是我們直接產(chǎn)生的，但是也是我們使用的產(chǎn)品釋放出來(lái)的，也是要?dú)w結(jié)到我們身上的。故選d。7which of the following helps reduce our carbon footprint according to the author?ausing secondhand textbooks.busing old and expensive cars.cbuying new but cheap clothes.dbuy

24、ing new wooden furniture.a推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“things like dishes, clothes and furniture fall into the secondary footprint group, so less is more and we can focus on finding used goods to avoid the added production.”可知，像盤(pán)子、衣服和家具這樣的物品屬于 “第二類(lèi)型的足跡”，所以是越少越好，我們應(yīng)該注重尋找用過(guò)的物品來(lái)避免額外的生產(chǎn)。二手書(shū)是屬于和衣服等可以二次使用的物品，符合題意。故選a。8“t

25、he footprint” underlined in the last sentence refers to the co2 produced in .ausing the productbrecycling the productcmaking the productdtransporting the producta詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中“the main concern here is the amount of energy that goes into the making of new products and whether or not that extra carbon

26、is worth the footprint the product will make once it gets to you(主要的問(wèn)題是這些投入在制造新產(chǎn)品時(shí)的能源以及這種額外的碳是否值得它到你手里以后，所產(chǎn)生的碳足跡)”可知，footprint在其后定語(yǔ)從句the product will make once it gets to you中充當(dāng)make的賓語(yǔ)，意思是“這種碳足跡就是產(chǎn)品到你手里之后，你使用中所產(chǎn)生的”。由此推知，畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞組the footprint指的是“產(chǎn)品使用過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳”。故選a。.閱讀七選五(2020浙江寧波高三二模)there are hundreds

27、of publishers across the world and millions of books get printed every year. moreover, a book can be printed by several polishers. 1 .to overcome the problem of identifying books，publishers have come up with a unique numbering system. for instance, if 50,000 copies of the adventures of sherlock holm

28、es are printed by a publisher at one time (called an edition), all of them are identified by one number code. 2 and your address begins with your house number, street, locality, state and ends with a statement of the country where you live. an isbn book number achieves a similar aim of identifying a

29、nd tracing a book.if you pick up any book, turn it around you will see a number which looks something like thisisbn 9070002345.this is called the isbn number. isbn stands for international standard book numbering. 3 .the isbn number is divided into four groups that are separated by a space or a hyph

30、en.the first part of the isbn identifies the country and is called the group identifier. 4 .the second part is called the publisher prefix. the publisher prefix is used to identify the publisher of the book. the publisher prefix may contain up to seven digits.the third part identifies the title and

31、the edition of the book and so is called the title identifier, which may consist of up to six digits. 5 .since you can have the same book from the same publisher but with different editions, the title identifier helps to differentiate between them.the fourth and the final part is called the check di

32、git, a single digit (from 0 to 9) used to check whether the given isbn number is correct or wrong. if an isbn number is incorrect, this means that the book is a version printed illegally.ait may consist of up to five digitsbso what can the isbn number do for youcthis makes the task of identifying a

33、book very difficultdit is a numbering system that is used to describe the bookebook publishers often come out with newer and updated versions of earlier booksfthe number code is your home address that can only be shared by your parentsgthe isbn numbering system helps book stores and book publishers

34、to handle categorize to handle，categorize, store and identify books easily【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文講述了為了解決圖書(shū)識(shí)別的問(wèn)題，出版商提出了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的編號(hào)系統(tǒng)(isbn書(shū)號(hào)系統(tǒng))。1c文章銜接題。根據(jù)前文“moreover, a book can be printed by several polishers.”可知，而且一本書(shū)可以被幾家拋光廠印刷出來(lái)，c項(xiàng)：this makes the task of identifying a book very difficult這使得識(shí)別一本書(shū)的任務(wù)非常困難。符合文意。故選c項(xiàng)。2f聯(lián)系

35、下文題。根據(jù)下文“your address begins with your house number, street, locality, state and ends with a statement of the country where you live.”可知，你的地址以你的門(mén)牌號(hào)、街道、地點(diǎn)、州開(kāi)始，以你居住的國(guó)家的聲明結(jié)束，f項(xiàng)：the number code is your home address that can only be shared by your parents號(hào)碼是你的家庭住址，家庭住址只能由你的父母分享并且。符合文意。故選f項(xiàng)。3d語(yǔ)境辨析題。根據(jù)前文“i

36、sbn stands for international standard book numbering.”可知，isbn代表國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖書(shū)編號(hào)，d項(xiàng)：it is a numbering system that is used to describe the book這是一個(gè)用來(lái)描述書(shū)的編號(hào)系統(tǒng)。符合文意。故選d項(xiàng)。4a聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文“the publisher prefix is used to identify the publisher of the book. the publisher prefix may contain up to seven digits.”可知出版者前綴用

37、于標(biāo)識(shí)圖書(shū)的出版者，發(fā)布者前綴最多可包含七位數(shù)字，a項(xiàng)：it may consist of up to five digits它最多可以由五位數(shù)字組成。符合文意。故選a項(xiàng)。5e邏輯推斷題。根據(jù)下文“since you can have the same book from the same publisher but with different editions, the title identifier helps to differentiate between them.”可知由于同一出版商的同一本書(shū)有不同的版本，因此標(biāo)題標(biāo)識(shí)符有助于區(qū)分它們，e項(xiàng)：book publishers of

38、ten come out with newer and updated versions of earlier books圖書(shū)出版商經(jīng)常出版較新和更新版本的早期書(shū)籍。符合文意。故選e項(xiàng)。.讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。a boulder(巨石)，as big as a house. thats how the guidebook described giant rock. dad said it arrived here millions of years ago. i was finally going to see it, in snow

39、shoes, with my two older cousins, my dad, and my uncle don. id been snowshoeing before, and i liked the adventure of hiking through deep snow.at the parking area, after putting on our snowshoes, we studied the map. due to the geographical location, electrical devices are inaccessible here. the map i

40、s our only guide. “we start here，” dad said，“ on the red trail(小路). then we turn left onto the purple road. thats where giant rock is.” “remember to stick together and dont wander off, guys，” uncle don said.the trail ran uphill alongside a stone wall. it was easy to follow because red markers were n

41、ailed to the trees and the snow had been packed down by other hikers. at the top of the hill, we turned onto the purple trail. we settled into a pattern，with dad and everyone else in front and me in the back，crunching(嘎吱嘎吱地踩) through the snow. i saw lots of animal tracks mostly deer, squirrel, and r

42、abbit prints. as the trail wound down, my cousin andrew said what id been thinking ：“will we ever reach giant rock？” my cousin aiden smiled and turned to me, “l(fā)uke, do you think your dad invented this idea just to get us away from the tv for a while？” i laughed. “you never know.”finally, we climbed a hill and saw the massive boulder sitting alone in the forest. it really is as big as a house! my cousins and i highfived each other and jogged until we stood at the base, breathless. standing in the boulders broad shadow, i noticed the sun had sunk lower.“