2012英語專業(yè)英美文學模擬試題二

1、2012英語專業(yè)英美文學模擬試題二1. Define the following literary terms (40/150,104):1. Ahab as in Moby Dick2. Heathcliff as in Wuthering Heights3. Tess Durbeyfield4. Imagism5. Lady Macbeth6. Realism7. Romanticism8. Neoclassicism9. Allegory10. ConflictII. Literary Analysis (30/150, 215)1. Summarize Ernest Hemingway

2、s literary achievements.2. Briefly introduce Ezra Pounds view on the Imagist poetry.III. Questions about Literary Works. (80/150, 810)1. Shall I compare thee to a summers day?Thou are more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summers lease hath all too short a d

3、ate.Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometimes declines,By chance, or natures changing course, untrimmed;But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow stNor shall Death brag thou wand rest in

4、his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow stSo long as men can breathe or eyes can seeSo long live this, and this gives life to thee.a. Identify the author and the work from which the passage is selected.b. What kind of sonnet is employed in the selection? What are the features of this kind

5、of sonnet?c. Comment on the theme of the poem.2. To be, or not to be-that is the question;Whether tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them? To die, to sleepNo more; and by a sleep to say we endThe h

6、eart-ache and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to, tis a consummationDevoutly to be wished.a. From which work is this passage selected? And who is the author of this work?b. What literary form does this work belong to? What metrical form is used in this work?c. What is the hero of this

7、work? What spiritual mood does this passage reveal abut the hero?3. A Voyage to Lilliput As to the first, you are to understand, that for above seventy moons past, there have been two struggling parties in this empire, under the names of Tramecksan, and Slamecksan, from the high and low heels on the

8、ir shoes, by which they distinguish themselves.It is allaged indeed, that the high heels are most agreeable to our ancient constitution: but however this be, his Majesty hath determined to make use of only low heels in the administration of the Government, and all offices in the gift of the Crown; a

9、s you cannot but observe; and particularly his Majestys imperial heels are lower at least by a druur than any of his court (drurr is a measure about the fourteenth part of an inch.) The animosities between these two parties run so high, that they will neither eat nor drink, nor talk with each other.

10、 It is allowed on all hands, that the primitive way of breaking eggs before we eat them, was upon the larger end: but his present Majestys grand-father, while he was a boy, going to eat an egg, and breaking it according to the ancient practice, happened to cut one of his finger, whereupon the empero

11、r his father, published an edict, commanding all his subjects, upon great penalties, to break the smaller end of their eggs.a. Identify the author and the work from which the passage is selected.b. What is the theme of this work?c. What are the four parts of the work? How are four organic parts are

12、structured in the work?4. By this time Mrs. Morel was trembling violently. Struggling of this kind often took place between her and her son, when she seemed to fight for his very life against his own will to die. He took her in his arms. She was ill and pitiful.Never mind, Little/ he murmured. So lo

13、ng as you dont feel lifes paltry and a miserable business, the rest doesnt matter, happiness or unhappiness.She pressed him to her.But I want you to be happy, she said pathetically.Eh, my dear-say rather you want me to live,Mrs. Morel felt as if her heart would break for him. At this rate she knew h

14、e would not live. He had that poignant carelessness about himself, his own suffering, his own life., which is a form of slow- suicide. It almost broke her heart. With all the passion of her strong nature she hated Miriam for having in this subtle way undermine his joy. It did not matter to her that

15、Miriam could not help it. Miriam did it, and she hated her.a. From what work is-this passage Selected ? Who is the author of this work?b. What is the name of the hero of this work? What is the relationship between the hero, Mrs. Morel and Miriam?c. What literary method is used in this work? Comment

16、the relationship between the hero and Mrs. Morel by using Freuds-theory.5. But the point which drew all eyes, and, as it were, transfigured the wearer, so that both men and women, who had been familiarly acquainted with Hester Prynne, were now impressed as if they beheld her for the first time, was

17、that scarlet letter, so fantastically embroidered and illuminated upon her bosom. It had the effect of a spell, taking her out of the ordinary relations with humanity, and inclosing her in a sphere by herself.a. Identify the author and the work from which the passage is selected.b. Comment on the sy

18、mbolic meaning of the letter the heroine wears.c. What is the theme of the work?6. I felt good and all washed clean of sin for the first time I had ever felt so in my life, and I know I could pray now. But I didnt do it straight oft, but laid the paper down and set there thinking-thinking how good i

19、t was all this happened so, and how near. I come to being lost and going to hell. And went on thinking. And got to thinking over our trip down the river; and I see Jim before me, all the time, in the day, and in the night-time, sometimes moonlight, sometimes storms, and we a floating along, talking,

20、 and singing, and laughing. But somehow I couldnt seem to strike no places to harden me against him, but only other kind. Id see him standing my watch on top of hisn stead of calling me, so I could go on sleeping; and see him how gland he was when I come back out of the fog .It was a close place. I

21、took it up, and held it in my hand. I was a trembling, because Id got to decide, forever, betwixt two things, and knowed it. I studied a minute, sort of holding my breath, and then says to myself:All right, then. Ill go to hell -and tore it up.a. From which novel is this passage selected? Who is the

22、 author of this book?b. What period does this author roughly belong to? What is the common feature of the literature in this period?c. What content does this passage reveal? What event happened before this plot?7. Caroline, or Sister Carrie, as she had been half affectionately termed by the family,

23、was possessed of a mind rudimentary in its power of observation and analysis. Self-interest with her was high, but not strong. It was, nevertheless, her guiding characteristic.a. Identify the author and the work from which the passage is selected.b. Comment on the heroine of the work?c. Which litera

24、ry trend does the author belong to? What are the features of this literary trend?8. Because Biff thinks Im nothing, see, and so he spites me. But the funeralStraightening up. that funeral will be massive! Theyll come from Maine, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire! All the oldtimers with the stran

25、ge license platesthat boy will be thunder-struck.because he never realizedI am known! Rhode Island, New York, New JerseyI am known.and hell see it with his eyes once and-for all. Hell see what I am.Hes in for a shock, that boy.a. What work is this passage selected from? Who is the author of this wor

26、k?b. Who is the hero of this work? What does he intend to do at the moment?c. What is the theme of this work?答案：1. Define the following literary terms1. Ahab as in Moby Dick Ahab is the tyrannical captain of the Pequod who is driven by a monomaniacal desire to kill Moby Dick, the whale that maimed h

27、im on the previous whaling voyage. Although he is a Quaker, he seeks revenge in defiance of his religions well-known pacifism. Ahabs name comes directly from the Bible2. Heathcliff as in Wuthering Heights Heathcliff is a fictional character in the novel Wuthering Heights by Emily Bront. Owing to the

28、 novels enduring fame and popularity, he is often regarded as an archetype of the tortured Romantic Byronic hero whose all-consuming passions destroy both himself and those around him. Heathcliff can abuse, neglect and scorn of those with whom he grows up render him abusive, neglectful and scornful.

29、3. Tess Durbeyfield, the protagonist in Tess of the dUrbervilles. The eldest daughter in a poor rural working family; a fresh, well-developed country girl who looks markedly more mature than she is. Despite being, in Hardys view, a truly good woman, she is despised by society after losing her virgin

30、ity before marriage.4. Imagism Imagism was a movement in early 20th-century Anglo-American poetry that favored precision of imagery and clear, sharp language. The Imagists rejected the sentiment and discursiveness typical of much Romantic and Victorian poetry. This was in contrast to their contempor

31、aries, the Georgian poets, who were by and large content to work within that tradition. Group publication of work under the Imagist name appearing between 1914 and 1917 featured writing by many of the most significant figures in Modernist poetry in English, as well as a number of other Modernist fig

32、ures prominent in fields other than poetry.5. Lady Macbeth is a fictional character in Shakespeares Macbeth (c.16031607). She is the wife to the plays protagonist, Macbeth, a Scottish nobleman. After goading him into committing regicide, she becomes Queen of Scotland, but later suffers pangs of guil

33、t for her part in the crime. She dies off-stage in the last act, an apparent suicide.6. Realism, Realist or Realistic are terms that describe any manifestation of philosophical realism, the belief that reality exists independently of observers, whether in philosophy itself or in the applied arts and

34、 sciences. In this broad sense it is frequently contrasted with Idealism.Realism in the arts concerns the depiction of subjects as they appear in everyday life. Political realism is a dominant school of thinking within the international relations discipline that prioritizes national interest and sec

35、urity over ideology, moral concerns and social reconstructions.7. Romanticism Romanticism (or the Romantic Era) was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution. In part,

36、 it was a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature. It was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and literature, but had a major impact on historiography, education and natural histo

37、ry.8. A revival in the 17th agogo of order, balance, and harmony in literature.9. Allegory is a figurative mode of representation conveying meaning other than the verbal. Allegory communicates its message by means of symbolic figures, actions or symbolic representation. Allegory is generally treated

38、 as a figure of rhetoric, but an allegory does not have to be expressed in language: briefly, an allegory is a device used to present an idea, principle or meaning, which can be presented in literary form, such as a poem or novel, or in visual form, such as in painting or drawing. As a literary devi

39、ce, an allegory in its most general sense is an extended metaphor. As an artistic device, an allegory is a visual symbolic representation.10. A struggle between two opposing forces or characters in a short story, novel, play, or narrative poem. Usually the events of the story are all related to the

40、conflict, and the conflict is resolved in some way by the storys end.II. Literary Analysis1. Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21, 1899 July 2, 1961) was an American author and journalist. His distinctive writing style, characterized by economy and understatement, influenced 20th-century fiction, as did

41、 his life of adventure and public image. He produced most of his work between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. Hemingways fiction was successful because the characters he presented exhibited authenticity that resonated with his audience. Many of his work

42、s are classics of American literature. He published seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works during his lifetime; a further three novels, four collections of short stories, and three non-fiction works were published posthumously.Hemingways legacy to American literature is

43、 his style: writers who came after him emulated it or avoided it. After his reputation was sealed with the publication of The Sun Also Rises, he became the spokesperson for the postWorld War I generation, having established a style to follow. His books were burned in Berlin in 1933, as being a monum

44、ent of modern decadence, and disavowed by his parents as filth. Reynolds asserts the legacy is that he left stories and novels so starkly moving that some have become part of our cultural heritage. In a 2004 speech at the John F. Kennedy Library, Russell Banks declared that he, like many male writer

45、s of his generation, was influenced by Hemingways writing philosophy, style, and public image. Conversely, as early as the 1930s Hemingways style was parodied, and criticized as lazy within the context of the American literary tradition.2. Although Imagism isolates objects through the use of what Ez

46、ra Pound called luminous details, Pounds Ideogrammic Method of juxtaposing concrete instances to express an abstraction is similar to Cubisms manner of synthesizing multiple perspectives into a single image. Pounds note opened with a definition of an image as that which presents an intellectual and

47、emotional complex in an instant of time. Pound goes on to state that It is better to present one Image in a lifetime than to produce voluminous works. 1. Direct treatment of the thing whether subjective or objective.III. Questions about Literary Works.1. a.Identify the author and the work from which

48、 the passage is selected. Sonnet 18 William Shakespeareb.What kind of sonnet is employed in the selection? What are the features of this kind of sonnet? Shakespearian sonnet written in iambic pentameter. Rhyme scheme abab cdcd efef ggc.Comment on the theme of the poem.In the sonnet, the speaker comp

49、ares his beloved to the summer season, and argues that his beloved is better. He also states that his beloved will live on forever through the words of the poem.2. a. From which work is this passage selected? And who is the author of this work? Hamlet William Shakespeareb. What literary form does th

50、is work belong to? What metrical form is used in this work? Sonnet Shakespearian sonnetc. What is the hero of this work? What spiritual mood does this passage reveal about the hero? Hamlet, princeHe hesitates in making decisions3. a. Identify the author and the work from which the passage is selecte

51、d. Jonathan Swift Gullivers Travelsb. What is the theme of this work? a satirical view of the state of European government, and of petty differences between religions.an inquiry into whether men are inherently corrupt or whether they become corrupted.a restatement of the older ancients versus modern

52、s controversy previously addressed by Swift in The Battle of the Booksc. Part I: A Voyage to Lilliput and Blefuscu Part II: A Voyage to Brobdingnag Part III: A Voyage to Laputa, Balnibarbi, Luggnagg, Glubbdubdrib, and Japan Part IV: A Voyage to the Country of the Houyhnhnms Four parts discuss differ

53、ent aspects of society and form an integral whole.4. a. From what work is this passage selected? Who is the author of this work? Sons and Lovers by D.H. Lawrenceb. What is the name of the hero of this work? What is the relationship between the hero, Mrs. Morel and Miriam?Paul Morel. Mrs. Morel is hi

54、s mother while Miriam is his girlfriend.c. What literary method is used in this work? Comment the relationship between the hero and Mrs. Morel by using Freuds-theory. Symbolism Oedipus complex. Paul Morel has a subtle love for his mother.5. a. Identify the author and the work from which the passage

55、is selected. Nathaniel Hawthorne Pride and Prejudiceb. Comment on the symbolic meaning of the letter the heroine wears. Adulteryabilityangelc. The experience of Hester and Dimmesdale recalls the story of Adam and Eve because, in both cases, sin results in expulsion and suffering. But it also results

56、 in knowledgespecifically, in knowledge of what it means to be immortal. For Hester, the scarlet letter functions as her passport into regions where other women dared not tread, leading her to speculate about her society and herself more boldly than anyone else in New England.As for Dimmesdale, the

57、cheating minister, his sin gives him sympathies so intimate with the sinful brotherhood of mankind, so that his chest vibrates in unison with theirs. His eloquent and powerful sermons derive from this sense of empathy.6. a. From which novel is this passage selected? Who is the author of this book? The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Mark Twainb. What period does this author roughly belong to? What is the common feature of the literature in this period?Realism This school tends to depict reality as it is without providing much embellishmentC . What content does