for的用法完全歸納

1、.for的用法完全歸納用法1：(表目的)為了。如：They went out for a walk. 他們出去散步了。What did you do that for? 你干嗎這樣做？Thats what were here for. 這正是我們來的目的。Whats she gone for this time? 她這次去干什么去了？He was waiting for the bus. 他在等公共汽車。在通常情況下，英語(yǔ)不用 for doing sth 來表示目的。如：他去那兒看他叔叔。誤：He went there for seeing his uncle.正：He went there

2、to see his uncle.但是，若一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞已名詞化，則可與 for 連用表目的。如：He went there for swimming. 他去那兒游泳。(swimming 已名詞化)注意：若不是表目的，而是表原因、用途等，則其后可接動(dòng)名詞。用法2：(表利益)為，為了。如：What can I do for you? 你想要我什么？We study hard for our motherland. 我們?yōu)樽鎳?guó)努力學(xué)習(xí)。Would you please carry this for me? 請(qǐng)你替我提這個(gè)東西好嗎？Do more exercise for the good of you

3、r health. 為了健康你要多運(yùn)動(dòng)。(1) 有些后接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(如 buy, choose, cook, fetch, find, get, order, prepare, sing, spare 等)，當(dāng)雙賓語(yǔ)易位時(shí)，通常用 for 來引出間接賓語(yǔ)，表示間接賓語(yǔ)為受益者。如：She made her daughter a dress. / She made a dress for her daughter. 她為她女兒做了件連衣裙。He cooked us some potatoes. / He cooked some potatoes for us. 他為我們煮了些土豆。注意，類似下

4、面這樣的句子必須用 for：He bought a new chair for the office. 他為辦公室買了張新辦公椅。(2) 注意不要按漢語(yǔ)字面意思，在一些及物動(dòng)詞后誤加介詞 for：他們決定在電視上為他們的新產(chǎn)品打廣告。誤：They decided to advertise for their new product on TV.正：They decided to advertise their new product on TV.注：advertise 可用作及物或不及物動(dòng)詞，但含義不同：advertise sth為賣出某物而打廣告；advertise for sth為尋找某物

5、而打廣告。如：advertise for a job=登廣告求職。由于受漢語(yǔ)“為”的影響，而此處誤加了介詞 for。類似地，漢語(yǔ)中的“為人民服務(wù)”，說成英語(yǔ)是 serve the people，而不是 serve for the people，“為某人的死報(bào)仇”，說成英語(yǔ)是 avenge sbs death，而不是 avenge for sbs death，等等。用法3：(表用途)用于，用來。如：Knives are used for cutting things. 小刀是用來切東西的。This knife is for cutting bread. 這把小刀是用于切面包的。Its a mac

6、hine for slicing bread. 這是切面包的機(jī)器。The doctor gave her some medicine for her cold. 醫(yī)生給了她一些感冒藥。用法4：為得到，為拿到，為取得。如：He went home for his book. 他回家拿書。He went to his friend for advice. 他去向朋友請(qǐng)教。She often asked her parents for money. 她經(jīng)常向父母要錢。We all hope for success. 我們都盼望成功。Are you coming in for some tea? 你要

7、不要進(jìn)來喝點(diǎn)茶？用法5：給(某人)，供(某人)用。如：Thats for you. 這是給你的。Here is a letter for you. 這是你的信。Have you room for me there? 你那邊能給我騰出點(diǎn)地方嗎？用法6：(表原因、理由)因?yàn)椋捎?。如：I am sorry for it. 對(duì)不起。Thank you for coming to see me. 謝謝你來看我。I couldnt speak for laughing. 我笑得說不出話來。He couldnt sleep for joy. 他高興得不能入睡?！居梅ㄕf明】有些表原因的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)不宜用介詞 f

8、or 來引出，而用其他介詞。如：他由于努力工作而加了工資。誤：For the result of his hard work, he got a pay rise. 正：As a the result of his hard work, he got a pay rise.注：as a the result of 是習(xí)語(yǔ)，意為“由于的結(jié)果”。因?yàn)槟赣H不在家，她只好自己做飯。誤：For Mother (being) away, she had to cook the meal herself.正：With Mother (being) away, she had to cook the meal

9、 herself.注：“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”可用來表示原因，此時(shí)的 with 不能換成 for。類似地，下例中的 with 也不能換成 for：With all this work to do, I dont know if Ill have time to go out. 有這么多工作要做，我不知是否有時(shí)間出去。我們祝賀你的成功。誤：We congratulate you for your success. 正：We congratulate you on your success.注：congratulate 后習(xí)慣上接介詞 on 表示原因。用法7：(表目標(biāo)、去向)去。如：Is t

10、his bus for Chicago? 這輛公共汽車開往芝加哥嗎？Theyll leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天他們動(dòng)身去北京。They set off for the shops. 他們買東西去了。Is this the train for Shanghai? 這是開往上海的火車嗎？Passengers for Tianjing must change at Beijing. 去天津的旅客必須在北京換車?！居梅ㄕf明】比較 for 與 to，兩者均可表示目的地，注意以下區(qū)別：for 通常與 leave, start, set out, set off, head,

11、 steer, depart, be bound, be destined 等動(dòng)詞連用，而 to 則通常與 come, drive, fly, get, go, lead, march, move, return, ride, run, travel, walk 等動(dòng)詞連用。如：We departed for London at 10 am. 我們上午10點(diǎn)動(dòng)身去倫敦。Then we drove to the station. 然后我們就開車去了車站。有時(shí)，同一個(gè)動(dòng)詞(如 sail)兩者均可連用，但含義稍有差別：用 for 通常只表示向著某目的地那個(gè)方向，并不強(qiáng)調(diào)到達(dá)的意思；而 to 含有到達(dá)

12、某目的地的意思。如：They sailed for Shanghai. 他們開船駛往廣州。They sailed to Shanghai. 他們開船駛至廣州。若與名詞連用，也有類似區(qū)別。如：There will be a train for Wuhan. 有開往武漢的火車。(僅表示向武漢方向，但在武漢未必是停靠站)There will be a train to Wuhan. 有開往武漢的火車。(開往武漢方向，且在武漢?？?(R56)順便說一句，也有的辭書持幾乎相反的觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為 for 與 to 表示目的地時(shí)，for 表示的是預(yù)定目的地，而to 表示的是假設(shè)將會(huì)到達(dá)的目的地。用法8：(表時(shí)間、

13、距離、數(shù)量等)達(dá)，計(jì)。如：Im going away for a few days. 我要走開幾天。Ive been here for ten years. 我來這兒有10年了。He walked for ten miles. 他走了10英里路。The shop sent me a bill for $50. 商店給我送來了一張50美元的賬單?！居梅ㄕf明】for 用于表示時(shí)間或距離的長(zhǎng)度(尤其是緊跟在動(dòng)詞之后)時(shí)，有時(shí)可省略。如：The meeting lasted (for) three days. 會(huì)議持續(xù)了3天。They walked (for) fifty miles. 他們走了50英

14、里。但是當(dāng) for 短語(yǔ)位于句首或在否定句中時(shí), for 通常不宜省去。如：For ten years he lived here. 他在這里住過10年。We have not heard from him for a long time. 我們很久沒收到他的來信了。用法9：對(duì)，對(duì)于。如：Eggs are good for you. 雞蛋對(duì)你有好處。Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 躺在床上看書對(duì)你的眼睛不好。Fortunately for me, the train was also late. 我很走運(yùn)，火車也晚點(diǎn)了?！居梅ㄕf明】關(guān)于 for 與 t

15、o 表示“對(duì)來說”時(shí)的區(qū)別，參見 to。用法10：(表適合)適于，適合。如：Do you have any books for children? 你有適合小孩子看的書嗎？He is the very person for the work. 他是最適合做這工作的人。Its a good place for a camp. 那是個(gè)露營(yíng)的好地方。She bought some clothes for winter. 她買了些冬天穿的衣服。用法11：(表交換)換，以作交換。如：He gave her some magazines for her dictionary. 他用幾本雜志換她的字典。Sh

16、e bought the skirt for $50. 她花了50美元買這條裙子。I bought a pound of apples for 70 cents. 我花了七角錢買了一磅蘋果。Dont translate word for word. 不要逐字硬譯。用法12：作為，當(dāng)作。如：Dont take him for a fool. 別把他當(dāng)傻瓜。He mistook a rope for a snake. 他把一條繩子誤認(rèn)為是蛇。He knew that for a fact. 他知道那是事實(shí)。The missing persons were given up for dead. 大家

17、都認(rèn)為那些失蹤的人已死了。【用法說明】用于此義時(shí)，有時(shí)相當(dāng)于 as, to be, as being，但要注意不同句型的搭配習(xí)慣。如：I took him for an honest man. / I took him to be honest. 我看他為人老實(shí)。It was built for as a pleasure boat. 這船建作游艇之用。比較：He took her smile for agreement. 他把她的微笑視為同意。Will you take me as your partner? 你把我看作你的合伙人好嗎？按傳統(tǒng)語(yǔ)法，takefor 通常指誤認(rèn)為是，而 take

18、as to be 則主要指正確地認(rèn)為是。但在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，有時(shí)并未完全遵守此規(guī)則。但是與 mistake 連用的則通常是 for 而不是 as。如：We mistook the house for a hotel. 我們把那房子誤以為旅館。用法13：(表支持、贊成)支持，贊成。如：Are you for or against the plan？你是支持還是反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃？Im all for the young enjoying themselves. 我完全贊成年輕人多玩玩。用法14：(表基準(zhǔn))就來說，以而言，作為。如：Hes done well for a beginner. 作為新手，他干得

19、很好。He is heavy for a small boy. 作為一個(gè)小男孩而言，他的身體算重的了。She was short for her age. 就她的年齡來說，個(gè)子是矮了點(diǎn)。The day is cool for July. 在7月里這樣的日子算是涼快的了。用法15：(表比例)每就。如：Plant three trees for every one that is cut down. 每砍一棵樹要種三棵樹。He has one enemy for a hundred friends. 他的敵人與朋友之比為一比一百。For every five who passed, there w

20、ere two who failed. 每5個(gè)人及格，就有2個(gè)不及格。For every mistake you make, youll lose half a mark. 你每犯一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，就要扣去半分。【用法說明】用于此義時(shí)，通常與 each, every 或數(shù)詞連用。用法16：代表，代替，代理。如：Whats the English for “中國(guó)”? 英語(yǔ)里“中國(guó)”怎么說？Whats the “C” for in “BBC”? BBC中的C代表什么？Red is for danger. 紅色代表危險(xiǎn)。Let me do it for you. 讓我替你做吧。The lawyer acte

21、d for him during the trial. 在審案期間由律師代表他行事。用法17：(表安排的時(shí)間)在，于。如：The appointment is for 10:30. 約會(huì)定在十點(diǎn)半。Weve invited our guests for 7 oclock. 我們已邀請(qǐng)我們的客人7點(diǎn)鐘來。Weve booked our holiday for the second week in July. 我們的假期安排在七月份的第二個(gè)星期。The next meeting was arranged for the tenth of May. 下次會(huì)議已定于5月10日舉行?！居梅ㄕf明】用于此義

22、時(shí)，for 主要指安排或約定的時(shí)間，所以像下面兩例中的介詞 at，in 就不能換成 for。如：He gets up at six every day. 他每天6點(diǎn)鐘起床。He was born in September, 1988. 他出生于1988年9月。用法18：(表讓步)盡管，雖然。如：For all his money, hes a very lonely man. 他雖然富有，可是非常寂寞。For all his efforts, he didnt succeed. 盡管他做了很多努力，卻仍然沒有成功。I love you, for all your shortcomings. 盡

23、管你有很多缺點(diǎn)，但我仍然愛你?！居梅ㄕf明】用于此義時(shí)，通常與 all 連用。(見上例) 用法19：(與不定式連用引出邏輯上的主語(yǔ))。如：It is for you to decide. 該由你來決定。All I want is for us to be together. 我希望的只是我們能在一起。Is there any need for me to go? 我有沒有必要去？He spoke too fast for her to follow. 他說得太快，她跟不上。It is a great pity for him to leave here so soon. 他這么快就離開這里真是遺

24、憾。It is dangerous for a small child to cross the road alone. 小孩子自己過馬路很危險(xiǎn)。For a bridge to collapse like that is unbelievable. 一座橋像那樣倒塌是不可想像的?！居梅ㄕf明】(1) 下面兩句同義，但以第一句為普通。如：老人快跑是危險(xiǎn)的。正：It is dangerous for an old man to run fast. 正：For an old man to run fast is dangerous. (2) 有時(shí)可表目的。如：Ive sent my coat away

25、 for it to be cleaned. 我把外衣送去洗了。For sales to increase, we must lower our prices. 為了增加銷量，我們必須降低價(jià)格。(3) 有時(shí)用于 than 后引出不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。如：Theres nothing worse than for a person to ill-treat a child. 沒有什么比虐待小孩更惡劣的了。own的用法形容詞 adj. 1.自己的 I saw the whole accident with my own eyes. 我親眼看到這次事故的全過程。2. 特有的及物動(dòng)詞 vt. 1. 有,擁

26、有 He owns three cars. 他有三輛汽車。 2. 承認(rèn)+(that) She owned that she had neglected her duty. 她承認(rèn)自己玩忽職守。 不及物動(dòng)詞 vi. 1. 承認(rèn)(+to) She owned to having known形容詞own(自己的,特有的)常和名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞ones (my / our / your / his / her / its / their)一起使用,以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。使用own時(shí)應(yīng)注意下面幾點(diǎn): 1. 如果被修飾的名詞前沒有a, any, some, no, this, that等限定詞修飾時(shí),名詞

27、所有格或形容詞性物主代詞 + own直接前置修飾該名詞。例如: This is not my uncles own house.這不是我叔叔自己的房子。 She makes all her own clothes.她所有的衣服都是她自己做的。 2. 如果被修飾名詞前面已經(jīng)有a, any, some, no, this, that等限定詞修飾時(shí),名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞 + own就要與of構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)一起放在該名詞后面作后置定語(yǔ)。例如: She has a mind of her own.她頗有主見。 Ancient Chinese created this medical science o

28、f Chinas own.古代中國(guó)人創(chuàng)造了這樣一種中國(guó)所特有的醫(yī)學(xué)。 I have some reasons of my own for wishing to do so.我有些想這么干的理由。 3. 除上面所講的own常和名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞一起搭配,具有形容詞性做定語(yǔ)的情況外,該結(jié)構(gòu)還具有名詞性,可以作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如: The workers took him as one of their own. (介詞賓語(yǔ)) Why buy clothes when you can make your own more cheaply. (動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)) We should mak

29、e what weve learnt our own as soon as possible.(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)) I wont accept her gift because it isnt her own. (表語(yǔ)) 4. 名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞+ own中間還可以加very來加重語(yǔ)氣,表示“完全屬某人所有”。例如: You may keep the pamphlet for your very own.這本小冊(cè)子你完全可以保留著自己使用。 Do you like the soup?你喜歡這種湯嗎? The recipe is my very own.這完全是按照我自己的烹飪法燒煮的。 5

30、. 含有own的習(xí)語(yǔ)搭配歸納: be ones own man (woman)不受他人影響自己拿主意;自己做主 come into ones own得到自己應(yīng)得的東西 (如聲譽(yù),信用);進(jìn)入繁盛期 hold ones own堅(jiān)守住;不被打敗;堅(jiān)持住;支撐住 call sth. ones own聲稱某物為自己所有 have (keep) sth. for ones own把某物據(jù)為己有 (all) on ones own(口)獨(dú)自地;獨(dú)立地;憑自己力量;主動(dòng)地;自愿地 way的用法名詞 n. 1. 路,道路CCan you show me the way to the Post Office?

31、你能否告訴我去郵局的路? 3. 路程,距離the SIts a long way to the railroad station. 到火車站路程很遠(yuǎn)。 4. 方法,方式C(+to-v)Scientists are trying to find ways to prevent disease. 科學(xué)家們正試圖找到防止疾病的方法。 5. 風(fēng)俗,作風(fēng)CI did not like the way he talked to me. 我不喜歡他跟我講話的方式。 6. 方面,點(diǎn)Their plan is recommendable in many ways. 他們的計(jì)劃在許多方面都是可取的。7. 路途,路

32、線SDo you know the way to the post office? 你知道去郵局怎么走嗎?8. 供通過的地方;活動(dòng)范圍;余地the S9. 愿望,意愿If I had my way, Id go to the movies tonight. 假如我做得到的話,我今晚會(huì)去看電影。 11. 狀況;健康狀況SIm afraid shes in a bad way. 我想她是生病了。 復(fù)合形 comb.form (構(gòu)成形容詞或副詞)1. 表示沿.方向(的)(如:sideway) 2. 表示.向(的)(如:a two-way radio雙向無線電)表示“方式”、“方法”，注意以下用法：1

33、. 表示用某種方法或按某種方式，通常用介詞 in。如：Do it (in) your own way. 按你自己的方法做吧。2. 表示做某事的方式或方法，其后可接不定式或 of doing sth。如：Its the best way of studying to study English. 這是學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的最好方法。3. 其后通常可直接跟一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句(不用任何引導(dǎo)詞)，也可跟由that 或 in which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，但是其后的從句不能由 how 來引導(dǎo)。如：我不喜歡他說話的態(tài)度。正：I dont like the way he spoke. 正：I dont like the way

34、 that he spoke. 正：I dont like the way in which he spoke. 誤：I dont like the way how he spoke. 4. 注意以下各句 the way 的用法：Thats the way (=how) he spoke. 那就是他說話的方式。I think he is taking an active part insocial work. I agree with you_. A、in a way B、on the way C、by the way D、in the way 此題答案選A。一、in a way的用法 表示：

35、在一定程度上，從某方面說。如： In a way he was right.在某種程度上他是對(duì)的。 注：in a way也可說成in one way。 二、on the way的用法 1、表示：即將來(去)，就要來(去)。如： Spring is on the way.春天快到了。 Id better be on my way soon.我最好還是快點(diǎn)兒走。 Radio forecasts said a sixth-grade wind was on the way.無線電預(yù)報(bào)說將有六級(jí)大風(fēng)。 2、表示：在路上，在行進(jìn)中。如： He stopped for breakfast on the w

36、ay.他中途停下吃早點(diǎn)。 We had some good laughs on the way.我們?cè)诼飞虾煤眯α艘魂囎印?3、表示：(嬰兒)尚未出生。如： She has two children with another one on the way.她有兩個(gè)孩子，現(xiàn)在還懷著一個(gè)。 Shes got five children，and another one is on the way.她已經(jīng)有5個(gè)孩子了，另一個(gè)又快生了。 三、by the way的用法 1、表示：在途中的路旁。如： They stopped for a picnic by the way.他們途中停在路邊野餐。 2、表示

37、：順便說，順便問 如：By the way，do you know where Mary lives?順便問一下，你知道瑪麗住在哪里嗎? “Freddys had another crash.”“ Oh，yes?Poor old chap.By theway,have you heard from Joan recently?” “弗雷迪又撞車了?！薄笆菃?可憐的老伙計(jì)。順便問一聲，你最近收到瓊的信了嗎?” 四、in the way的用法 表示：擋路，礙事。如： Im afraid your car is in the way，恐怕你的汽車擋道了。 lt you are not going t

38、o help，at least dont get in the way.如果你不愿幫忙，至少你不要妨礙人家。 注：in the way有時(shí)也可說成in sbs way。如： Youll have to moveyoure in my way.你得挪一挪，你擋我的路了。 Please dont stand in the kitchen dooryoure in my way.請(qǐng)別站在廚房門口你擋了我的路。 follow的用法及物動(dòng)詞 vt. 1. 跟隨My dog follows me to school. 我的狗跟著我去上學(xué)。Theboyfollowedhisfatherout. 孩子跟著他父

39、親走了出去。 Hefollowedthepassengersontothetrain. 他隨著旅客一道上了火車。 YougofirstandIllfollow. 你先走，我跟著就來。2. 接在.之后Night follows day. 黑夜接著白天。 3.沿著.行進(jìn)Follow this road to the bridge.沿這條路一直走到橋邊。Followtheroaduntilyoucometothepostoffice,andyouwillfindthelibraryaroundthecorner. 順著馬路走到郵政局，拐彎的地方就是圖書館。Followthisroaduntilyou

40、gettothebridge,thenturnleft.沿著這條路走到橋頭，再向左轉(zhuǎn)彎。4. 追趕;追逐;追求The dogs followed the fox. 這些狗一齊追趕著那狐貍。 5. 注視;密切注意The cat followed every movement of the mouse. 貓注視著老鼠的每一個(gè)動(dòng)作。 6. 傾聽7. 聽懂;領(lǐng)會(huì)Do you follow me? 你聽懂我的話了嗎? IcouldntfollowthatFrenchfilm. 那個(gè)法國(guó)電影我聽不懂。Ididntquitefollow;couldyouexplainitagain? 我不太明白，請(qǐng)?jiān)俳忉屢?/p>

41、遍好嗎？8. 聽從;采用;信奉Follow my advice. 聽我的勸告。Ifollowedyouradvice. 我聽了你的勸告。 Youmustfollowtheteachingsofyourteachers. 你們必須聽從老師們的教導(dǎo)。9. 因.而產(chǎn)生Disease often follows malnutrition. 疾病常常起因于營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良。 10. 從事(職業(yè)等) Whatprofessiondoyoufollow? 你從事何種職業(yè)？不及物動(dòng)詞 vi. 1. 跟隨He leads; we follow. 他帶路;我們跟隨。 2. 接著3. 聽懂;領(lǐng)會(huì)4. 結(jié)果產(chǎn)生He is wrong, but