高中名詞性從句講解及練習(xí)

1、. 名詞性從句 主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句和同位語從句在復(fù)合句中的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，因此這四種從句統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句。這四種從句與主句間不用逗號。一 名詞性從句連接詞的選用可分為三類：1. that在名詞性從句中只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)成分，也沒有實際意義。That he will come is certain.I think that hell be all right in a few days.The fact is that I have never been there.The fact that she had not said anything surprised all of us

2、.2. whether/if 在名詞性從句中有“是否”之意，但不充當(dāng)成分。附Whether/if區(qū)分：在賓語從句中可互換，但介詞和discuss后的賓語從句用whether; 其它名詞性從句用whether；可以說whether to do 但不能說if to do ;可說whether / ifor not, whether or not ，不能說if or not.Whether shes coming or not doesnt matter too much.I wonder whether/ if it is true.The question is whether it is wo

3、rth doing.They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.I dont know whether or not they will come.(不能用if or not)I dont know if / whether they will come or not.另外別忘了if可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。試比較：Please let me know if you want to go.Please let me know whether you want to go.3. 其它連接詞的選用遵循：“缺什么，補(bǔ)什么”的原則。

4、缺狀語，補(bǔ)連接副詞where, when, why, how; 缺主語，賓語，表語，定語，補(bǔ)連接代詞：who, whom, what, which, whose.Where she has gone is not known yet.Why he did it wasnt quite clear.How he became a great scientist is known to us all.I dont know where we are going to have the meeting. Please tell me when we shall discuss our work pl

5、an.This is why he is late.I have no idea when he will come back.I really dont know what he is doing.Which side will win is not clear.That is what he is worried about.Do you know who/whom they are waiting for.He asked whose dictionary it was.二 名詞性從句應(yīng)該注意的。1. 名詞性從句用陳述語序。注意what is the matter with.被看作陳述語

6、序。如：Do you know what is the matter with him? 不能用Do you know what the matter is with him?2. 同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)分：同位語從句對其前邊的名詞起解釋補(bǔ)充說明,可譯為 “既;那就是”;定語從句對先行詞起修飾限制作用,譯為 “的”;that 引導(dǎo)的定語從句在從句中要充當(dāng)成分,作賓語,表語可省略;而that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句只起引導(dǎo)作用,不充當(dāng)成分,不能省略.The suggestion (that )our teacher gave us sounds OK.The suggestion that we sh

7、ould arrange our time scientifically sounds OK.The news (that) you heard is not true.The news that Lincoln was murdered at a theatre is true.The fact that you pointed out made me interested .The fact that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all. 3. 名詞性從句中的what 可改為定語從句the thing(s)/ person(s

8、) that; whatever可改為anything that, whoever 可改為 anyone who They are careful about what they eat.=They are careful about the things that they eat. He is not what he used to be .=He is not the one that he used to be. He would believe whatever I said.= He would believe anything that I said. Whoever leave

9、s the room last should turn off the light.= Anyone who leaves the room last should turn off the light.4. wh-ever 和no matter wh- 區(qū)分：引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，wh-ever可換為no matter wh-, 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句則不能。如：Whatever I said , he wouldnt listen to me.= No matter what I said , he wouldnt listen to me.5. 名詞性從句中that 的省略：賓語從句中的that 可

10、以省略，但并列的賓語從句只有第一個從句的that可以省略，第二個從句和第二個以后的that不能??；it作形式賓語的賓語從句that不能省;介詞后的賓語從句的that不能省；表語從句中的that和it作形式主語的主語從句的that在口語中偶有省略。同位語從句中的that不能省略。6. reason或cause作主語以及why引導(dǎo)的主語從句作主語，其后的表語從句連接詞不用because，常用that，而且since和as不能引導(dǎo)表語從句。Why farmland here is being lost is that farmers have cut down too many trees in r

11、ecent years.The reason for his being absence from the conference was that he was delayed by the accident.7. 賓語從句：be+ sure / certain /glad / pleased / satisfied / surprised等也可接賓語從句。Im not sure what I should do.Im afraid you dont understand what I said.賓語從句否定的轉(zhuǎn)移：主句的主語是一人稱，謂語是think、believe、suppose、expe

12、ct、imagine等，對從句的否定習(xí)慣上要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上，并且其反義疑問句要和從句保持一致。I dont think you are right, are you?I dont believe they have finished their work yet, have they?賓語從句后有賓語補(bǔ)足語要用it作形式賓語。He has made it clear that he will not give in. 8. 注意it作形式主語的主語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句的區(qū)分。練習(xí)1. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the ga

13、me.A. why B. what C. who D. that2. As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when _ and see him. A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come3. _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account. A. What is required B. What requires C. It is re

14、quired D. It requires4. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _ it is rough or smooth. A. / B. whether C. how D. which5. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize_ silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which6. I like _ in the autumn when the weath

15、er is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one7. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how8. A modern city has been set up in _ was a waste land ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where9. A story goes _ Elizabethof England li

16、ked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. A. when B. where C. what D. that10. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as B. which C. what D. that11. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit

17、 me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether12. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C. what .D how13. Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats _ . A. what makes me feel excited B. whatev

18、er I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited14. _ made the school proud was _ more than 90 percent of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because15. When you answer questions in a job interview, please rem

19、ember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants. A. what B. which C. when D. that16. Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is . A. that B. which C. of which D. when17. Ill tell them _ came to see them last Monday. A. whoever B. whomever C. no matter who D. who18. They

20、are just college graduates and dont realize _ to start and run a company. A. what takes it B. what they take C. what takes them D. what it takes19. His income today is double _it was five years ago. A. that B. which C. what D. as20. When it was clear _ she did not speak a word of English, I tried to

21、 talk to her using the Spanish I learned while living in Europe. A. what B. that C. why D. how21. After _ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to have the interview. A. that B. it C. what .D all 22. All the people around the world have the same simple dream _ they will always live in peace and co

22、mfort. A. that B. which C. where D. when23. _ words I use can not express my appreciation of your timely help. A. Whatever B. How many C. No matter what D. Whichever24. Does it matter much _ the sales manager wont attend the meeting tomorrow? -Ive no idea. A. if B. what C. when D. that25. Energy is

23、_ makes things work. A. what B. something C. anything D. that26. The manager came over and asked the customer how _. A. did the quarrel came out B. the quarrel had come about C. the quarrel has come about D. had the quarrel come about27. Dave lost his job and was short of money, so _ his flat and mo

24、ve in with his brother. A. that he did was to sell B. what he did was sell C. what he did sold D. what he did was sell28.Word came _ a group of New Zealand guests will come to visit our school next Tuesday. A. that B. which C. / D. about which29. They have no idea at all _ . A. what he is working on

25、 B. what is he working on C. what did he work on D. what he is working 30. I rang you at about nine, but there was no reply. -Oh, that was probably _ I was seeing the doctor. A. why B. when .C what D. that31. _David says sounds right to Helen. Thats why she has made up her mind not to leave him_ hap

26、pens. A. Whatever; whatever B. No matter what; whatever C. No matter what; no matter what D. Whatever; however32. _ is Britain now used to be three different countries and over many years the three countries became one. A. It B. What C. Where D. As33. There is a common belief among them _ rubbish ca

27、n and should be put to good use. A. which B. if C. whether D. that34. Would you tell me _ you want your tea, with sugar or milk? -Sugar, please. A. whether B. when C. what D. how35. What about your history test? -Ive answered all the questions, but Im not sure _ Ive got them all right. A. what B. ho

28、w C. whether D. why36. _ surprised me most was _ such a little boy could play football so well. A. What; that B. That; what C. What; whether D. That; why37. He is _ known as a hacker-he likes showing off on the Internet and attack websites A. who B. what C. that D. the man38. That was _ was known _

29、“the theory of relativity”. A. what; like B. what; as C. which; like D. which; as39. _ the workers insisted on was that they _ more time to do it. A. That; must be given B. What; should be given C. Whether; would be given D. Which; were given40. The reason _ she gave for not being present was _ the

30、heavy snow prevented her coming. A. / ; because B. why; because C. /; that D. why; whether41. Im satisfied _should be done has already been done. A. with what B. that what C. by what D. that42. My hometown is not _ it used to _ ten years ago. A. when; do B. what; do C. when; be D. what; be43. The re

31、ason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed. A. why; why B. why; because C. why; that D. that; because44. His suggestion _ to see the art exhibition _ every one of us. A. that we go ; interested B. which we should go ; interested C. that we would go ; interest D. we would go ; be interested in4

32、5. He often thinks of _ he can do more for his country. A. what B. how C. that D. which46. He got angry with _ was against his opinion. A. whom B. who C. whoever D. anyone47. I dont know _. A. what was the matter outside B. what the matter outside was C. what was happened outside D. what had happene

33、d outside48. He has come, but I didnt know that he _ until yesterday. A. is coming B. will come C. was coming D. wasnt coming49. He asked _ for the violin. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid50. You have no idea _ those days. A. that we were how busy B h

34、ow busy were we C. that how we were busy D. how busy we were51. Jack was soon told _ he did was not necessary. A. why B. that C. how D. why what52. Its well known _ a person eats causes changes in the body. A. that B what C. how D. that what , when and how53. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and

35、see_ _.A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is54. _she couldnt understand was _fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lesson.A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that 55. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster_ he had done the day before.A. that B. ho

36、w C. where D. what56. _ you dont like him is none of my business.A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 57. What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A. when B. how C. whether D. why 58. _ is no possibility_ Bob can win the first prize in the match.A. There;

37、that B. It; that C. There; whether D. It; whether 59. These wild flowers are so special that I would do_ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 60. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 61. I remember_ this used to be a q

38、uiet village.A. when B. how C. where D. what 62. Go and get your coat. Its _you left it.A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 63. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that _ you had a few days off?A. why B. when C. what D. where 64. They have no idea at all_.A. where he has go

39、ne B. where did he goC. which place has he gone D. where has he gone65. No one can be sure_ in a million years.A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 66. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. Th

40、ere B. This C. That D. It 67. -I think its going to be a big problem.-Yes, it could be. -I wonder _ we can do about it.A. if B. how C. what D. that 68. Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well.A. what B. that C. which D. why 69. _ be sent to work there?A. Who do you

41、 suggest B. Who do you suggest that should C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should 70. Eat_ cake you like and leave the others for_ comes in late.A. any; who B. every; whoever C. whichever; whoever D. either; whoever 71. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private

42、 cars_ road condition need_.A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improvedC. where; improving D. when; improving 72. Some of the scientists held the point _ _ the book said was right. A. what what B. what that C. that that D. that what73. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just

43、 _ worries the public. A. why B. which C. that D. what74. There is little doubt _ her advice is of greater value to us. A. that B. whether C. why D. of 75. We cant believe that he drew such a big conclusion according to _ he took for granted. A. as B. that C. what D. it 76. _ we are doing has never

44、been done before. A. That B. What C. Which D. Whether 77. The boy dived into the water and after _ seemed to be a long time, he came up again. A. what B. that C. it D. which 78. The thought_ Lao Gao would open a Sichuan restaurant in Los Angeles surprised his wife. A. that B. what C. whether D. if 7

45、9. Please tell me _ you want your coffee, black or white? A. what B. when C. whether D. how80. _ we can pass the coming examination will mainly depend on _ we learn and _ we learn it. A. Whether; what; how B. That; whether; why C. If; how; that D. Why; that; how81. _ people spend so much money on th

46、eir pets _ us a lot. A. That; surprises B. What; surprising C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised82. We believe _ you have been devoted to _ naturally of great necessity. A. That; being B. all that; be C. that all; are D. what; is83. Although most of them have no doubt _ he will pass the exam,

47、 I still think there is something about _ he has really got everything ready.A. whether; that B. that; whether C. that; that D. whether; whether84. I s this book _ you bought yesterday?A. that B. when C. the one what D. the one 85. Is this the book _ you bought yesterday?A. what B. the one C. one D.

48、 that 86. I read about it in some book or other. Does it matter _ it was?A. where B. what C. how D. which87. _we cant get seems better than _ we have.A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what88. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D

49、. no matter who89. _ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do.A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter90. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A. while B. that C. if D. for91. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. That C. Where D. Whether92. The

50、poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get.A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever93. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found.A. which B. that C. what D. whether94. They received orders _ the work be done at once.A. which B. when C. / D. that95. Rose looks pale. What do you think _ to her?A. that has happened B. to have happened C. that has been happened D. has h