畢業(yè)論文可控硅觸發(fā)電路設(shè)計

1、可控硅觸發(fā)電路設(shè)計摘要：可控硅觸發(fā)板是通過調(diào)整可控硅的導(dǎo)通角來實(shí)現(xiàn)電氣設(shè)備的電壓電流功率調(diào)整的一種移相型的電力控制器，它的輸出觸發(fā)脈沖具有極高的對稱性及穩(wěn)定性，且不隨環(huán)境溫度變化，使用中不需要對脈沖對稱度及限位進(jìn)行調(diào)整。現(xiàn)場調(diào)試一般不需要示波器即可完成。目前，正廣泛的應(yīng)用于工業(yè)各領(lǐng)域的電壓電流調(diào)節(jié)，適用于電阻性負(fù)載、電感性負(fù)載、變壓器一次側(cè)及各種整流裝置等。關(guān)鍵詞：可控硅、導(dǎo)通角、觸發(fā)板、脈沖控制一、 電路設(shè)計方案電路的最初設(shè)想是根據(jù)可控硅觸發(fā)電路的實(shí)用性來進(jìn)行的，其設(shè)計方案可分為以下幾個步驟： 1、確立可控硅電路設(shè)計的整體思路，并根據(jù)現(xiàn)在市場上的可控硅電路進(jìn)行調(diào)查，目的是了解它們的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，以

2、便融入到我們的設(shè)計中，使設(shè)計的電路更加完善。2、對設(shè)計電路進(jìn)行模塊化研究，分別研制出最佳性能。3、對電路的所有元件參數(shù)進(jìn)行整體設(shè)計，并利用仿真軟件綜合計算出元件的最佳參數(shù)值4、對整個設(shè)計電路進(jìn)行安裝和調(diào)試，截止完成整體設(shè)計方案。二、電路原理可控硅觸發(fā)電路是用yc移相式觸發(fā)板的同步信號vtb，取自于與主回路電源同步的交流電源輸入端（無相位要求）。當(dāng)移相控制電壓vc由05v變化時，移相觸發(fā)板輸出的觸發(fā)脈沖vo的起始點(diǎn)后移，使可控硅的觸發(fā)角從0180變化，導(dǎo)通角從1800變化，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了對負(fù)載進(jìn)行交流調(diào)壓的目的。并以鎳鉻、鐵鉻鋁、遠(yuǎn)紅外發(fā)熱元件及硅鉬棒、硅碳棒等為加熱元件的溫度控制；以單結(jié)晶體管構(gòu)成

3、晶閘管觸發(fā)電路，鹽浴爐、工頻感應(yīng)爐、淬火爐、熔融玻璃的溫度加熱控制。用整流變壓器、調(diào)功機(jī)（純電感線圈）、電爐變壓器一次側(cè)、直流電機(jī)控制，并且采用單相電焊機(jī)、電阻焊機(jī)、點(diǎn)焊機(jī)控制等各種調(diào)場合和單相風(fēng)機(jī)水泵調(diào)速節(jié)能控制，電壓、電流、功率、燈光等無級平滑調(diào)節(jié)。三、 電路模塊功能1、 穩(wěn)壓源電路在電路設(shè)計中設(shè)計一個可供整個電路供電的穩(wěn)壓電壓源是相當(dāng)重要的，他可以說是整個電路的核心部分。而本次試驗(yàn)的電路也設(shè)計了一個穩(wěn)壓電源電路，它是利用整流橋?qū)崿F(xiàn)的全波整流電路和良好的穩(wěn)壓電路。具體原理圖如下所示： 2、 脈沖觸發(fā)及放大電路脈沖觸發(fā)電路用于完成對輸出波形的控制，放大電路用于完成對信號的放大其電路原理圖如下

4、所示:3、 移相控制電路移相控制電路用于完成電路相位導(dǎo)通角從0180變化，導(dǎo)通角從1800變化，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了對負(fù)載進(jìn)行交流調(diào)壓的目的。其電路原理圖如下所示：四、 結(jié)語對于此試驗(yàn)中可控硅觸發(fā)電路的設(shè)計充分體現(xiàn)出了我們在設(shè)計過程中所出現(xiàn)的問題，不管是在電路原理圖的設(shè)計還是pcb的設(shè)計都還有很大的欠缺，主要是對于原理圖中元件所處庫和pcb中元件封裝庫的不熟悉，同時對于protel中一些參數(shù)設(shè)置的模糊。因此，在以后用的學(xué)習(xí)中我們還更應(yīng)該大力加強(qiáng)對于protel的熟悉程度，以便于使我們的設(shè)計變得高校和快捷。五、 參考文獻(xiàn)1 周政新.電子設(shè)計自動化實(shí)驗(yàn)與訓(xùn)練.北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，1998.2 吳培明.電子

5、技術(shù)虛擬實(shí)驗(yàn).北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，1999.3 趙廣林.輕松跟我學(xué)protel 99se電路設(shè)計與制版.北京：電子工業(yè)出版社，2006.附錄一元器件清單部件類型元件標(biāo)號封裝描述0.1ufc4rad0.1capacitor0.1ufc3rad0.1capacitor0.047ufc6rad0.1capacitor0.47ufc5rad0.1capacitor1.5kw1to-126potentiometer1.5kw2to-126potentiometer1kr17axial0.41ufc2rad0.1capacitor1ufc1rad0.1capacitor2cp11vd10diode0.4

6、diode2cp12vd6diode0.4diode2cp12vd5diode0.4diode2cp12vd4diode0.4diode2cp12vd9diode0.4diode2cp12vd7diode0.4diode2cp12vd8diode0.4diode2cp12vd1diode0.4diode2cp12vd2diode0.4diode2cw12dwdiode0.4zener diode2kr7axial0.43.3kr6axial0.43cg12bbg7to-92anpn transistor3cg12bbg8to-92anpn transistor3cg12bbg6to-92anp

7、n transistor3cg12bbg2to-92anpn transistor3cg12bbg3to-92anpn transistor3cg12bbg5to-92anpn transistor3cg12bbg4to-92anpn transistor3cg13cbg1to-92apnp transistor4*2cz11xu1d-70diode bridge4.7kr3axial0.44.7kr2axial0.46.2kr8axial0.46.2kr9axial0.46.2kr12axial0.410kr5axial0.410kr1axial0.420kr14axial0.430kr11

8、axial0.430kr16axial0.430kr10axial0.4100kr15axial0.4200kr13axial0.4200kr4axial0.42000ufc7rb.2/.4electrolytic capacitorac12vmbssw9qac12vtbssw9qac36vdbssw9q附錄二可控硅觸發(fā)電路原理圖附錄三可控硅觸發(fā)電路pcb圖頂層底層emloyment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees. you may need to make a claim to an emplo

9、yment tribunal if: you dont agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly. for more informu, take advice from one of the organisations listed underfurther help. employment tribunals are less form

10、al than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation. most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. if you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away fro

11、m one of the organisations listed underfurther help. ation about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seedismissal. you can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haventappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. however, if you win your case, the tribunal ma

12、y reduce any compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal. remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. if your application is received after this time limit,

13、 the tribunal will not usually accept i. if you are worried about how the time limits apply to you if you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. this is known as adamages-based

14、agreement. in england and wales, your solicitor cant charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.youre clear about the terms of the agreement. it might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a citizens advice bureau. to find your nearest cab, includi

15、ng those that give advice by e-mail, click onnearest cab.for more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeemployment tribunals.the (lack of) air up there watch m cay man islands-based webb, the head of fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in london for the football associations 150

16、th anniversary celebrations and will attend citys premier league match at chelsea on sunday.i am going to be at the match tomorrow and i have asked to meet ya ya toure, he told bbc sport.for me its about how he felt and i would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.uefa haso

17、pened disciplinary proceedings against cskafor the racist behaviour of their fans duringcitys 2-1 win.michel platini, president of european footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.cska said they were surprised and disappointed by toures complai

18、nt. in a statement the russian side added: we found no racist insults from fans of cska.age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. may be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; may be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird beli

19、ef disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字開頭的年齡已經(jīng)到了尾聲。或許是愧疚于自己似乎把轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的很多個不同的日子過成了同一天的樣子；或許是追溯過去，對自己那些近乎偏執(zhí)的怪異信念

20、的醒悟，這些天以來，思緒一直很凌亂，在腦海中不斷糾纏?？傆X得自己似乎應(yīng)該去做點(diǎn)什么，或者寫點(diǎn)什么。二十年的人生軌跡深深淺淺，突然就感覺到有些事情，非做不可了。the end of our life, and can meet many things really do?而窮盡我們的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？during my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for new year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more fou

21、nd that those things are optional; junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isnt really grow up, it seems is not so important; then in high school, think dont want to give

22、vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already cant reme

23、mber his appearance.童年時，覺得壓歲錢和新衣服是過年必備，但是隨著年齡的推進(jìn)，會越來越發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些東西根本就可有可無；初中時，以為要有一場暗戀才意味著真正的成長，但三年過去后，自己心平氣和的寫同學(xué)錄的時候，突然就發(fā)現(xiàn)是不是真正的成長了，好像并沒有那么重要了；然后到了高中，覺得非要吐露出自己的心聲才能為高中生涯里的懵懂情愫劃上一個句點(diǎn)，但畢業(yè)晚會的時候最終還是被梗塞在了咽喉，后來再次站在他曾經(jīng)揮汗如雨的球場，看著他投過籃球的球框時，突然間發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已經(jīng)想不起他的容顏。originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction t

24、o an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原來，這個世界上，對某個事件能產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)的，除了非做不可的堅決，還有，時間。a persons time, your ideas are always special to clear. want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at l

25、ast. dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一個人的時候，自己的想法總是特別地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明確，好像沒有什么可以撼動自己。也曾經(jīng)好像已經(jīng)下定了決心去做某件

26、事，但更多的時候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌惡過自己的怯懦，最終卻發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多緣分，有很多錯過，好像冥冥之中真的已經(jīng)注定。那些曾經(jīng)所謂的非做不可，只是青蔥年華里自己給自己注射的一支強(qiáng)心劑，或者說，是自以為是的精神寄托罷了。at the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; those were broken into various shapes of stationery; from the corner at the beg

27、inning of deep friendship; have declared the end of the encounter that havent start planning. those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.此刻，天空是陰暗的，空氣里有著剛下過雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件藍(lán)格子襯衫；那些被折成各種各樣形狀的信紙；那段從街角深巷伊始的友誼；還有那場還沒有開始就宣告了終結(jié)的邂逅計劃那些年那些天的非做不可，終于和青春一樣，都將在我們的人生中謝幕。baumgartner th

28、e disappointing news: mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. the balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the a

29、tmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. it will climb higher than the tip of mount everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. as he crosses the boundary la

30、yer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence. we often close ourselves off when traumatic events happen in our lives; instead of letting the world soften us, we let it drive us deeper into ourselves. we try to deflect the hurt and pain by pretending it doesnt exist, but although we c

31、an try this all we want, in the end, we cant hide from ourselves. we need to learn to open our hearts to the potentials of life and let the world soften us.生活發(fā)生不幸時，我們常常會關(guān)上心門；世界不僅沒能慰藉我們，反倒使我們更加消沉。我們假裝一切仿佛都不曾發(fā)生，以此試圖忘卻傷痛，可就算隱藏得再好，最終也還是騙不了自己。既然如此，何不嘗試打開心門，擁抱生活中的各種可能，讓世界感化我們呢？whenever we start to let our

32、 fears and seriousness get the best of us, we should take a step back and re-evaluate our behavior. the items listed below are six ways you can open your heart more fully and completely.當(dāng)恐懼與焦慮來襲時，我們應(yīng)該退后一步，重新反思自己的言行。下面六個方法有助于你更完滿透徹地敞開心扉。whenever a painful situation arises in your life, try to embrace

33、 it instead of running away or trying to mask the hurt. when the sadness strikes, take a deep breath and lean into it. when we run away from sadness thats unfolding in our lives, it gets stronger and more real. we take an emotion thats fleeting and make it a solid event, instead of something that pa

34、sses through us.當(dāng)生活中出現(xiàn)痛苦的事情時，別再逃跑或隱藏痛苦，試著擁抱它吧；當(dāng)悲傷來襲時，試著深呼吸，然后直面它。如果我們一味逃避生活中的悲傷，悲傷只會變得更強(qiáng)烈更真實(shí)悲傷原本只是稍縱即逝的情緒，我們卻固執(zhí)地耿耿于懷by utilizing our breath we soften our experiences. if we dam them up, our lives will stagnate, but when we keep them flowing, we allow more newness and greater experiences to blossom.深

35、呼吸能減緩我們的感受。屏住呼吸，生活停滯；呼出呼吸，更多新奇與經(jīng)歷又將拉開序幕。2. embrace the uncomfortable we all know what that twinge of anxiety feels like. we know how fear feels in our bodies: the tension in our necks, the tightness in our stomachs, etc. we can practice leaning into these feelings of discomfort and let them show us

36、where we need to go.我們都經(jīng)歷過焦灼的煎熬感，也都感受過恐懼造成的生理反應(yīng)：脖子僵硬、胃酸翻騰。其實(shí)，我們有能力面對這些痛苦的感受，從中領(lǐng)悟到出路。the initial impulse is to run away to try and suppress these feelings by not acknowledging them. when we do this, we close ourselves off to the parts of our lives that we need to experience most. the next time you ha

37、ve this feeling of being truly uncomfortable, do yourself a favor and lean into the feeling. act in spite of the fear.我們的第一反應(yīng)總是逃避以為否認(rèn)不安情緒的存在就能萬事大吉，可這也恰好妨礙了我們經(jīng)歷最需要的生活體驗(yàn)。下次感到不安時，不管有多害怕，也請試著勇敢面對吧。3. ask your heart what it wants傾聽內(nèi)心were often confused at the next step to take, making pros and cons lists

38、 until our eyes bleed and our brains are sore. instead of always taking this approach, what if we engaged a new part of ourselves that isnt usually involved in the decision making process?我們常對未來猶疑不定，反復(fù)考慮利弊直到身心俱疲。與其一味顧慮重重，不如從局外人的角度看待決策之事。from: the supersonic descent could happen as early as sunda.the weathethe balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet (then, i would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling