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1、第7頁共8頁高考英語閱讀七選五專項訓(xùn)練(10題)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項 ,并在答題卡上將該項 涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。專項練習(xí)一for over one hundred and fifty years, americans of all social classes have worn blue jea nsj whether they are worn for work or for fashion today. strauss invention continues to be popular not only among americans but

2、 also among people around the worl dlevi strauss was born in germany in 1829.2 he grew up in kentucky before moving tonew york in 1847 . before becoming an american citizen and moving to the west in 1853, strauss worked in his brothers dry goods business. this gave him a chance to produce his famous

3、 invention . after the gold rush of 1849, strauss decided to move to the west to seek his fortunesstrauss did not want to be a person who searched an area for minerals instead, he knew he could make a good living by selling supplies to the miners. at first, he planned to sell sewing supplies and clo

4、th.3 when he heard miners complaining that their clothes were easily brokenor they usually tore their pockets during mining, he decided to use a special fabric to make pants for the miners. these pants proved so popular that he quickly ran out of materials to make mo rein 1873, strauss received a le

5、tter from a jewish tailor named jacob davis who had invented a process of connecting pockets with copper rivets (怫釘). this made the pants last a long time. because davis did not have the money to patent his idea, he offered to share it with strauss ifstrauss would agree to pay for the paten t _4by t

6、he time strauss died in 1902, he had made a great contribution to american fashio na.b.c.d.e.f.5 the business has been growing ever since and levi strauss company is now one of the largest clothing companies in the worldas a young boy, he moved with his family to the united statesnobody knew what ki

7、nd of material was suitable.he did and levi jeans have been made with metal rivets ever sinc ehowever, he did not get much business for those productshe also made a great contribution to americas clothing industrysince they were invented by levi strauss, they have become a symbol of american consume

8、r culture.g. as the business grew, strauss got much money from .it專項練習(xí)二recently some american scientists have given a useful piece of advice to people in industrialized nations. they say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago 1the scientists

9、 say that the human life has changed greatly. our bodies have not been able to deal with these changesin lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses. 2 so they are called diseases of civilization” . many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.scientists note

10、d that people in both the old stone age and the new stone age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none.3 however, a change in food is one of the maindifferences between life in ancient times and that of today.stone age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat t

11、han domestic ones. they ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. they did not have milk or any other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains. 4 we eat six times more salt than our ancestors we eat more sugar. we eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much

12、less vitamin c.5 but scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way the ancient people did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.a. stone age people lived a simple life.b. but today, we enjoy eating a lot of these.c. in that case, they would live much healthi

13、er.d. ancient people also got lots of physical exercise.e. these new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.f. people today probably dont want to live like our ancestors.g. modern people used to suffer from diseases of civilization.專項練習(xí)三for the rest of march, a disease will sweep across the us.

14、it will keep kids home from school. 1 employees will suddenly lose their ability to concentrate.the disease,known as “marchmadness refers to the yearly 65 - team us men scollege basketball tournament 錦標(biāo)賽). 2 teams compete against each other in a single- elimination (單局淘汰)tournament that eventually c

15、rowns a national champion.nearly 20 million americans will find themselves prisoners of basketball festival madness. the fun comes partly from guessing the winners for every game. friends compete against friends. 3 colleagues against bosses.big - name schools are usually favored to advance into the

16、tournament. but each year there are dark horses from little -known universities.this adds to the madness. watching a team from a school with 3,000 students beat a team from a school with 30,000, for many americans, is an exciting experience. two years ago, the little 一 known george mason university

17、was one of the final four teams. 4college basketball players are not paid, so the game is more about making a name for their university and themselves. -5_about $ 4 billion will be spent gambling (賭)on the event. according to media life magazine, the event will bring in $ 500 million in advertising

18、income this year, topping the post - season income of every us professional league, including that of the nba.a. husbands against wives.b. the players will go all out for the games.c. but that doesn t mean money isn t involved.d. college students will ignore piles of homework.e. people are willing t

19、o spend more money on watching it.f. it begins on march 15 and lasts through the beginning of april.g. many people had never even heard of the university before the tournament.專項練習(xí)四everyone knows that the frenchmen are romantic, the italians are fashionable and the germans are serious. are these jus

20、t stereotypes or is there really such a thing as national character? and if there is, can it affect how a nation succeed or fail?at least one group of people is certain that it can. a recent survey of the top 500 entrepreneurs (企業(yè)家)in the uk found that 70% felt that their efforts were not appreciate

21、d by the british public. britain is hostile (敵意的)to success, they said. it has a culture of jealousyy). 1 jealousy is sometimes known as the “gsyed monster and the uk is its home.scientists at warwich university in the uk recently tested this idea. they gathered a group of people together and gave e

22、ach an imaginary amount of money 2 those given a little were given the chance to destroy the large amount of money given to other s but at the cost of losing their own. two thirds of the people tested agreed to do this.3. but there is also opposite evidence. the organization for economic cooperation

23、 and development recently reported that the uk is now the world s fourth largest economy. that i;bad for people who are supposed to hate success. people in the uk also work longer hours than anyone else in europe. so the british people are not lazy, either.“it is not really success that the british

24、dislike, says carey cooper, a professor of management at the university of manchester institute of science and technology. it people using their success in a way that seems proud or unfair or which separates them from their roots.4 they set out to do things in their way. they work long hours. by the

25、ir own efforts they become millionaires. 5 .it hardly seems worth following their example. if they were more friendly, people would like them more. and more people want to be like them.a. this seems to prove that the entrepreneurs were right to complain.b.the one who owns most money in the end is th

26、e winner.c.as a result the survey said, entrepreneurs were“unloved, unwanted and misunderstood.d.it is not true that british people are born jealous of others success.e. some were given a little, others a great deal.f. but instead of being happy they complain that nobody loves them.g. perhaps it is

27、the entrepreneurs who are the problem.專項練習(xí)五1_ when a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure beats dance into view.the many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. 2 .the fi

28、rst and most basic level of wants involves food. once this want is satisfied, a second level of wants appears: clothing and some sort of shelter. by the end of world war ii these wants were satisfied for a great majority of americans. 3 it included such items as automobile sand new houses.by 1957 or

29、 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied. then, in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared:the fe-enriching “ levelhile the other levels involve physical satisfaction the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human bod y-this level stresses mental needs for rec

30、ognition, achievement and happiness. it includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called“l(fā)uxury items. among them are vacation trips, the besmedical care, and entertainment. 4one this level, a greater percentage of consumer spending goes to services, while on the first three l

31、evels more is spent on goods. will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?a fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action. consumers

32、may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime and prejudice. 5 in this way, we can enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.a. then a third level appeared.b. human wants seem endless.c. when there is money enough to satisfy one level of

33、 wants, another level appears.d. there are several levels of wants in one s life.e. at this stage, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure.f. also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.g. different people have different wants on each level.專項練習(xí)六we are all

34、called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don good job. 1.so, you have to give a speechand you are terrified. you get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble (結(jié)結(jié)巴巴) over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. later you think, “thank goodness, it

35、s over. i m just not good at public speaking. i hope i n have to do that again. ”cheep up! 2. here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. askyourself the purpose of your speech. what is the occasion? why are you speaking? then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. s

36、pend plenty of your time doing your research. then spend plenty of your time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. use as many examples as possible, and use pictures, charts, and graphs if they help you make your points more clearly. 3. don ttalk over their heads,

37、 and don talk down to them. treat your audience with respect. they will appreciate your thoughtfulness.just remember: be prepared. know your subject, your audience, and the occasion. be brief. 4. and be yourself. let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your a

38、udience.if you follow these simple steps, you will see that you don h ave to be afraid of public speaking. in fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! you re not convinced yet? 5.a. it doesn t have to be that bad.b. take several deep breaths before you

39、r speech.c. this article gives some advice on how to give a good speech.d. say what you have to say and then stop.e. don t say what you aren t familiar with.f. never forget your audience.g. give it a try and see what happens.專項練習(xí)七there is an english saying: 1._until recently, few people took the say

40、ing seriously. now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. 2.tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. people watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. it was found th

41、at laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.3.一. if laughter exercises the body, it must bebeneficial.other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. in one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different rad

42、io programs. the group that tolerated 忍而寸)the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. 4.7.1. they have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing , making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter

43、.a. laughter can prolong one s life.b. as a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the united states now hold laughter clinics in which they help to improve their patients condition by encouraging them to laugh.c. the reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a k

44、ind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain.d. it increases blood pressure,the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach and even the feet.e. although laughter helps cure the disease, doctors still can not put this theory into

45、 clinic practice.f. laughter is the best medicine.g. they have found that laughter really can improve people s health.專項練習(xí)八why do some people have many friends while others do not? 1 however, it is not so. let s look at two psychological experiments which will give you the key to happy interpersonal

46、 relations.the first experiment is called the “ hawthorneeffect after hawthorne, illinois, where the experiment took place. a group of psychologists examined the work patterns of two groups of workers in the western electric company. 2 .the psychologists changed the working conditions for one group

47、twice but left the other group alone. they were surprised to find that productivity increase on both occasions and in both groups. they concluded that the increase in productivity came from the attention given to the workers by the management. it had increased their motivation (積極性)and so they had w

48、orked harder. in other words, if you take an interest in others ,they will want to please you and you will have good relations with them.3_ after martin luther king, jr was killed in the 1960s, a teacher, jane elliott, living in an all -white town decided to help her class of young children understa

49、nd why the civil rights movement had been necessary in america.she divided the class into two groups: one with blue eyes and the other with brown eyes. other eye colours such as hazel or green were excluded from his exercise. then she told the class that brown - eyed people were cleverer than blue -

50、 eyed ones becauseof an agent (化學(xué)作用)for brown colour found in their blood. blue - eyed people were stupid, lazy and not to be trusted. jane elliott did not need to say any more. the brown - eyed students quickly got used to their new role as the leaders of the class. the blue - eyed students became

51、quiet and withdrawn. then she discovered something very interesting. four poor brown - eyed readers began to read fluently in a way they had never done before.4.so if you want to be successful and happy, take an interest in others whether they are your classmates or workmates. congratulate them on t

52、heir successes and sympathize值情)with them in their troubles.5 .a. before the experiment the management talked to both groups of workers and explained that they wanted to find the best working environment for them.b. remember that the way you treat others will decide their attitude and behaviour to y

53、ou. c. the second experiment shows what happens to personal relations if you are rude to or ign ore 略)others.d. the ones who have more friends usually are those who care about others.e. jane elliott had shown that the way people are treated affects not only their behaviour but also their confidence

54、and their performance.f.you may even imagine that this ability was something they were born with because it seems so effortless to them.g. the second experiment tells us what teachers said has a great effect on the students.專項練習(xí)九the seven cs of a good letterwhat is the secret of writing a good lette

55、r? here are two main ones. don t try to be fancto impress your reader. you will be successful if you follow these seven cs.clear.use short, direct sentences. 1 talk as if the reader were right there with you .above all, don t use an introduction.correct, 2 don tguess, even for spelling. refer to you

56、r dictionary. if you need to , check a reference book too. use them as much as you need to.complete. don t scatter our point3. this is good organization too.courteous. be friendly rather than overly casual. present your information nicely even if you are complaining about something . in all letters,

57、 treat others as you want them to treat you.concise. make each point as clearly and briefly as you can.conversational. this is really the secret of good writing , 4 . such a letter has a natural, friendly tone. let your personality come through naturally.considerate. 5 write about what you believe t

58、he reader needs or wants to know。try to be helpful. this will build good feeling toward you.the seven cs are about writing letters. but how about school papers? use the seven cs. write as if you are talking to your teacher or professor. you ll be surprised. you ll almost instantgood writer. and you might even enjoy writing from now on.a. just “talk ” to the personb. think of the readers point of view as you write.c. make them easy to understandd. include long sentences in your lettere. make sure what you say is correctf. writing s

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