飛行人員英語閱讀：Unit 1 The Airplane

1、Unit 1 The Airplane,飛行學院 wpcluke 上海工程技術大學,Teaching Plan,1.Technical terms 2.Abbreviations and acronyms3.Get familiar with various parts of a plane and the function of these parts during flight4.Grammar,Composition of The Text,Part 1: An overview of the various parts of a plane Part 2: The tail secti

2、on (empennage) Part3: Cockpit and cabin Part4: The main controls throttle main flight control Other flight controls Part 5: Instruments,Part 1,What constitutes a basic airplane: a fuselage（機身） wings an empennage （尾部；尾翼） wheels engines The function of the propeller（螺旋槳） Lift (升力) Gliding descent（下滑）,

3、Back,Back,Part 2: The Tail Section (empennage),Location some distance to the rear of the main load carrying sections of the fuselage Function provides a balancing or stabilizing force Components a vertical stabilizer (fin) (垂直安定面) a horizontal stabilizer （水平安定面）,Back,Part3: Cockpit and Cabin,Cockpit

4、:駕駛艙 Cabin:客艙 Key points: the pilot-in-command（機長） sits on the left-hand side various controls and instruments are available in the cockpit,Back,Back,Back,Back,Back,Back,Back,Part4: The Main Controls,Throttle（油門） Flight controls 1.Main flight controls Elevator（升降舵） Ailerons（副翼） rudder（方向舵） 2.Other f

5、light controls Wing flaps（襟翼） The elevator trim tab（配平調整片） or similar device,Back,Throttle,Operator: the pilots right hand Function: controls the power supplied by the engine/propeller combination Operation: push it forward more fuel/air supply to the engine the engine turns faster more power,Back,B

6、ack,Back,Back,Back,Back,Back,Main Flight Controls,The attitude(姿態(tài)) (or position in flight relative to the earth) of the airplane is controlled using the main flight controls. These are surfaces which, when deflected（傾斜；偏轉）, alter the pattern of the airflow around the wings and the tail section, caus

7、ing changes in the aerodynamic forces that they generate.,Back,Grammar 1,These are surfaces which, when deflected（傾斜；偏轉）, alter the pattern of the airflow around the wings and the tail section, causing changes in the aerodynamic forces that they generate. When deflected 是插入語；在英語中，當從句和主句中的謂語動詞的主語一致時，

8、從句中的謂語動詞可以用分詞的形式代替。據(jù)此，我們可將when deflected 改寫成：when the surfaces are deflected. e.g.: 1. Lucy is a nice girl who, if praised, would smile a lot. 2. These are flowers which, would die soon if left alone. 3. Dalian, a beautiful city, when covered by snow, looks fantastic.,Elevator,Location: hinged to th

9、e trailing edge（后緣） of the horizontal stabilizer Function: controls pitching（俯仰） of the nose up or down Operation: push and pull movements of the control column（操縱桿/駕駛桿） (or control wheel)(駕駛盤),Back,Back,Back,Back,Ailerons,Location: hinged to the outer trailing edge of each wing Function: control th

10、e rolling（橫滾） of the airplane Operation: left-right movements of the control column (or rotation of the control wheel),Back,Back,Back,Back,Back,Rudder,Location: hinged to the trailing edge of the vertical stabilizer Function: controls the yawing（偏航） of the nose left or right Operation: pressing with

11、 feet the base of the rudder pedals mounted on the floor under instrumental panel,Back,Back,Back,Wing Flaps,Location: situated on the inner trailing edge of each main wing Function: change the shape of the wings and make slower flight possible Operation: a manual lever（手動手柄） or electrical switch,Bac

12、k,Back,Back,Back,Back,The Elevator Trim Tab or Similar Device,Location: situated on the trailing edge of the elevator Function: reduce elevator control pressure on the pilot Operation: operated by a trim-wheel（配平輪） or handle beside the pilot or above in the cabin roof,Back,Back,Back,Instruments,Loca

13、tion: on the panel in front of the pilot Mainly includes: 1.Flight instruments an airspeed indicator (ASI)(空速表) an attitude indicator (AI)（姿態(tài)指示器/地平儀） an altimeter（高度表） a vertical speed indicator (VSI)（升降速度表） show climb or descent rate a heading indicator (HI)（航向指示器） a turn coordinator（轉彎協(xié)調器） with an

14、 associated coordination ball 2.Engine gauges（發(fā)動機儀表） tachometer（轉速表） to read engine rpm oil pressure and oil temperature gauges cylinder head temperature (CHT) gauge （汽缸頭溫度表） 3.Other instruments Ammeter（電流計/安培表） Suction gauge（真空表）,Back,Back,Back,Back,Back,Back,Back,Back,Operation: 1.Instruments regarding airspeed and altitude: pitot- static pressure system（全靜壓系統(tǒng)） 2.Instruments regarding attitude, direction and turning: internal spinning gyroscopes