漢英翻譯之長(zhǎng)句翻譯.ppt

1、漢英翻譯之,長(zhǎng)句翻譯,由于歷史、政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的原因，全世界講英語(yǔ)、用英語(yǔ)的人為數(shù)最多。但是英語(yǔ)之所以能在全球流行，除了上述原因之外，也和英語(yǔ)自身的一些特性和特點(diǎn)不無相關(guān)。其中最重要的一點(diǎn)就是英語(yǔ)特別容易接受和適應(yīng)英語(yǔ)中的詞匯吸收了全世界幾乎所有主要語(yǔ)言的材料。 The English language is spoken or read by the largest number of people in the world for historical，political，and economic reasons. But it may also be true that the popul

2、arity of English language has much to do with some qualities and characteristics in itself. First and most important is its extraordinarily receptivity and adaptability-it has taken materials into its own vocabulary from almost all major languages in the world.,男人在結(jié)婚前覺得適合自己的女人很少，結(jié)婚后覺得適合自己的女人很多。 Man

3、might think that few women fit him before his marriage, while contrarily when they get married.,漢語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)意合，結(jié)構(gòu)較松散，因此簡(jiǎn)單句較多；英語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)形合，結(jié)構(gòu)較嚴(yán)密，因此長(zhǎng)句較多。所以漢譯英時(shí)要根據(jù)需要注意利用連詞、分詞、介詞、不定式、定語(yǔ)從句、獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)等把漢語(yǔ)短句連成長(zhǎng)句,本科生分為四年制和五年制兩種，學(xué)生畢業(yè)考試及格并且通過論文答辯后，即可獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位。 The undergraduate program is either four years or five years. After pass

4、ing the graduation examinations and defending successfully their graduation theses, the students will be conferred a bachelors degree.,主從區(qū)分,漢語(yǔ)復(fù)句中往往不用關(guān)聯(lián)詞，分句之間的邏輯關(guān)系在很多情況下主要靠順序來表示，即采用所謂“意合法”。同時(shí)，漢語(yǔ)復(fù)句里接二連三出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞，從形式上看，它們都是平等的，沒有主從，偏正之分；從邏輯上分析，分句之間也有主從之分。一般說來，凡是為主的分句即正句，用英語(yǔ)限定式動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)；從屬的分句即偏句，用非限定式動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，介詞短

5、語(yǔ)，或增加從屬關(guān)聯(lián)詞，或通過其他各種從句形式來處理。,表示原因或結(jié)果的部分，一般應(yīng)從屬于表示結(jié)果的部分。 原文：在得病以前，我受父母寵愛，在家橫行霸道。 譯文1： Before I was taken ill, I had been a spoiled child of my parents, getting things my way in the family. 譯文2：Before I fell ill, I had been the bully under our roof owing to my doting parents.,表示方式或狀態(tài)的部分，一般應(yīng)從屬于表示行為或動(dòng)作的部分。

6、 其后走過三個(gè)人，都有四五十歲光景，手搖白紙扇，緩步而來。 Behind him came three men, all some forty to fifty years old. Fanning themselves with white paper fans, they advanced slowly.,表示方法和手段的部分，應(yīng)從屬于表示目的的部分。 我們用自己動(dòng)手的方法，達(dá)到了豐衣足食的目的。 By using our own hands we have attained the objective of “ample food and clothing”.,屬于修飾或說明關(guān)系的分句或

7、短語(yǔ)，一般應(yīng)譯作從屬部分（如定語(yǔ)從句）。 這個(gè)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，在東方歷史上是空前的，在世界歷史上也將是偉大的，全世界人民都關(guān)心這個(gè)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 The people of the whole world are concerned about this war, which has no precedent in the history of the East,and which will be a great war in world history,too.,背景情況描述部分，一般應(yīng)從屬于結(jié)論部分（狀語(yǔ)從句或獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)）。 帝國(guó)主義國(guó)家對(duì)外侵略擴(kuò)張，爭(zhēng)奪世界霸權(quán)，必然走向戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 Engaged in agg

8、ression and expansion abroad for the purpose of the world hegemony, the imperialist inevitably will go to war.,Cohesive Devices Commonly Used in English and Chinese,reference substitution ellipsis conjuction lexical device,Susan was upset. She yelled, “I am banging my head against the wall. Why? Why

9、 did you do that to me?” (reference) A: We have no average students. B: Sure, you have only good ones. (substitution) Which player will you sent to play in the match tonight? Of course, the best. (ellipsis) It is probably going to rain. So, we take umbrellas with us. (conjuction),我看那邊月臺(tái)的柵欄外有幾個(gè)賣東西的等著

10、顧客。走到那邊月臺(tái)，須穿過鐵道，須跳下去又爬上去。父親是一個(gè)胖子，走過去自然要費(fèi)事些。我本來要去的，他不肯，只好讓他去。 I caught sight of several vendors waiting for customers outside the railings beyond a platform. But to reach that platform would require crossing the railway track and doing some climbing up and down. That would be a strenuous job for father who was fat. I wanted to do all that myself, but he stopped me, so I could do nothing but let him go.,據(jù)說，上海男人是最好的丈夫。他們總是知道該如何討妻子的歡心，從而避免了矛盾，一家人其樂融融。所以從某種程度上講，上海男人是社會(huì)安定和和諧的象征。當(dāng)妻子快樂時(shí)，他也快樂，因而整個(gè)