美國概況中文課件

1、The United States of,America,美利堅(jiān)合眾國,1,2,3,美國主要州名英漢對照,?,Washington,華盛頓州,?,Virginia,弗吉尼亞州,Texas,得克薩斯州,South Carolina,南卡羅來州,Ohio,俄亥俄州,North Carolina,北卡羅來州,Hawaii,夏威夷,Pennsylvania,賓夕法尼亞州,New York,紐約州,Mississippi,密西西比州,Kansas,堪薩斯州,Florida,佛羅里達(dá)州,Georgia,佐治亞州,Alaska,阿拉斯加州,Alabama,亞拉巴馬州,California,加利福尼亞州,We

2、st Virginia,西弗吉尼亞州,4,美國國旗,5,American Flag,星條旗,(the Star-SpangledBanner),，旗面左上角為,藍(lán)色星區(qū)，區(qū)內(nèi)共有,9,排,50,顆白色五角星，以一,排,6,顆、一排,5,顆交錯。星區(qū)以外是,13,道紅白相,間的條紋。,There are 50 stars representing the 50 states,and there are 13 stripes representing the 13,original states.,6,American Emblem(,國徽,),7,?,國徽是一個國家的主要象征之一。只有特定的國家

3、重要,文件才能蓋上國徽大印，正式生效。,美國國徽的圖案是：外圍為兩個同心圓，內(nèi)有一只美國,禿鷹雄踞中央，雙翼展開，右爪握一束橄欖枝，左爪握,13,支利箭，尖嘴中叼著一條飄帶，上書“合眾為一”。,禿鷹的胸前是一枚盾形紋章，紋章上部是藍(lán)色橫紋，下,部是紅白相間的豎紋，象征美國國旗。禿鷹的上方是藍(lán),色天空中,13,顆星，四周光芒萬道，環(huán)繞著云朵組成的圖,案。,國徽上的圖案均有其象征意義。美國禿鷹象征著至高無,上的統(tǒng)治權(quán)；橄欖枝和箭象征決定和平與戰(zhàn)爭的權(quán)力；,禿鷹上方的群星圖案象征著擁有主權(quán)的新生共和國。,國,徽,8,個別城市的別名,?,芝加哥,Chicago:,多風(fēng)城,Windy City,?,底特

4、律,Detroit,汽車城,Motor City; Motown,?,好萊塢,Hollywood,世界影都,Film Capital of the World,?,紐約,New York,大蘋果,Big Apple,9,個別州的別名,?,Washington,常綠之州,Evergreen State,?,Kansas,向日葵之州,Sunflower-State,?,Texas,孤星之州,Lone Star State,?,Florida,陽光之州,Sunshine State,?,New York,帝國之州,Empire State,因?yàn)?華盛頓總統(tǒng)曾指出紐約州是“帝國的基地”。,?,Geor

5、gia,桃州,Peach State,或南方帝國之州,Empire State of the South,州府,: Atlanta,10,The capital city,?,首都：華盛頓哥倫比亞特區(qū)（,Washington,D.C.,），為了紀(jì)念獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者、第一任,總統(tǒng)喬治,華盛頓而命名。是美國的政治文化中,心。白宮,(the White House),是,1800,年以來美,國歷屆總統(tǒng)辦公和居住的地方；國會大廈,(the,Capitol Building),是美國眾、參兩院舉行會議,的地方；五角大樓,(the pentagon),是美國武裝,部隊(duì)總部,也是美國國防部所在地,.,11,

6、The White House,12,Capitol Building,13,The pentagon,14,金門大橋,The Golden Gate Bridge,The Golden Gate,Bridge, completed,after more than,four years of,construction at a,cost of $35 million,is a visitor,attraction,recognized around,the world.The GGB,opened to vehicular,traffic on May 28,1937 at twelve,oc

7、lock noon, ahead,of schedule and,under budget, when,President Franklin,D. Roosevelt,pressed a telegraph,key in the White,House announcing,the event.,15,金門,大橋是世界著名的,橋梁,之一，是近代,橋梁工程,的一項(xiàng)奇跡。大橋,雄峙于,美國加利福尼亞州,寬,1900,多米的,金門海峽,之上，歷時,4,年和,10,萬多噸鋼材，耗資達(dá),3550,萬美元建成，由史特,勞斯,設(shè)計(jì)。因其歷史價,值，于,2007,年由英、美兩國合拍成同名紀(jì)錄片。,16,華爾街

8、,?,Wall Street is the name of a narrow,street in lower Manhattan in New,York City, running east from,Broadway downhill to the East,River. Considered to be the,historical heart of the Financial,District, it was the first permanent,home of the New York Stock,Exchange.,?,The phrase Wall Street is also,

9、used as a metonym to refer to,American financial markets and,financial institutions as a whole.,Most New York financial firms are,no longer headquartered on Wall,Street, but elsewhere in lower or,midtown Manhattan, Fairfield,County, Connecticut, or New,Jersey. JPMorgan Chase, the last,major holdout,

10、 sold its headquarters,tower at 60 Wall Street to Deutsche,Bank in November 2001.,17,?,華爾街是,紐約,市,曼哈頓,區(qū)南部從,百老匯,路延伸到東河的一條大街道的,名字，全長僅三分之一英里，寬僅,11,米，是英文“墻街”的音譯。街,道狹窄而短，從百老匯到東河僅有,7,個街段，卻以“美國的金融中心”,聞名于世。美國,摩根,財(cái)閥、,洛克菲勒,石油大王和,杜邦,財(cái)團(tuán)等開設(shè)的銀,行、保險(xiǎn)、航運(yùn)、鐵路等公司的經(jīng)理處集中于此。著名的,紐約證券交,易所,也在這里，至今仍是幾個主要交易所的總部：如,納斯達(dá)克,、,美國,證券交易

11、所,、紐約期貨交易所等?！?華爾街,”一詞現(xiàn)已超越這條街道,本身，成為附近區(qū)域的代稱，亦可指對整個,美國,經(jīng)濟(jì)具有影響力的金,融市場和金融機(jī)構(gòu)。,18,自由女神,?,自由女神像,全名為“自由,女神銅像國家紀(jì)念碑”，,正式名稱是“照耀世界的,自由女神”，于,1886,年,10,月,28,日矗立在美國紐,約市海港內(nèi)的,自由島,的哈,德遜河口附近，被譽(yù)為美,國的象征，創(chuàng)作者是,弗雷,德里克,奧古斯特,巴托爾,迪,。,1984,年，它被列入,世界遺產(chǎn)名錄,。,19,?,Statue of Liberty,?,Liberty Enlightening the World, known more comm

12、only as the Statue of Liberty, is a statue given,to the United States by France in 1885, standing at Liberty Island in the mouth of the Hudson,River in New York Harbor as a welcome to all visitors, immigrants, and returning Americans. The,copper statue, dedicated on October 28, 1886, commemorates th

13、e centennial of the United States,and is a gesture of friendship between the two nations. The sculptor was Frederic Auguste,Bartholdi. Gustave Eiffel, the designer of the Eiffel Tower, engineered the internal structure.,Eug,ne Viollet-le-Duc was responsible for the choice of copper in the statues co

14、nstruction and,adoption of the Repouss,technique. The Statue of Liberty is one of the most recognizable icons,of the U.S. worldwide,1 and, in a more general sense, represents liberty and escape from,oppression. The Statue of Liberty was, from 1886 until the Jet age, often the first glimpse of the,Un

15、ited States for millions of immigrants after ocean voyages from Europe. Its said that il,Sancarlone or the Colossus of Rhodes inspired it.,20,第五大道,Fifth Avenue,?,Fifth Avenue, which was,two-way over most of its,course until the early,1960s, now allows two-,way traffic north of 135th,Street only. Sou

16、th of 135th,Street, Fifth Avenue allows,one-way southbound traffic,only while northbound,traffic may take Madison,Avenue. From 124th Street,to 120th Street, Fifth,Avenue is cut off by,Marcus Garvey Park.,21,?,第五大道（,Fifth Avenue,），是美國紐約市,曼,哈頓,一條重要的南北向干道，南起,華盛頓,廣場,公園，北抵第,138,街。由于第五大道位于,曼哈頓,島,的中心地帶，因此曼

17、哈頓島上東西走向的街,道有時會以這條街道為界而加以東西的稱呼。,蕭亞軒,出的一張專輯、雅頓出的一款香水都曾,以第五大道命名過。,22,帝國大廈,The Empire State Building,?,The Empire State Building,is a 102-story,contemporary Art Deco,style building in New York,City, declared by the,American Society of Civil,Engineers to be one of the,Seven Wonders of the,Modern World.,

18、?,Designed by Shreve, Lamb,and Harmon, it was,finished in 1931. The tower,takes its name from the,nickname of New York,State. Since the September,11th attacks, it is again the,tallest building in New York,City.,23,?,帝國大廈（英語：,Empire State Building,），是位于,美國,紐約市的,一棟著名的摩天大樓，共有,102,層，由,Shreeve, Lamb, and

19、,Harmon,建筑公司設(shè)計(jì)，,1930,年動工，,1931,年落成，只用了,410,天，,它的名字來源于,紐約州,的別稱帝國州（,Empire State,），所以英文,原意實(shí)際上是“紐約州大廈”，而“帝國州大廈”是以英文字面意,思直接翻譯之譯法，但因此帝國大廈的譯法已廣泛流傳，故沿用至,今。,24,美國的歷史簡介,?,1607,年前,印第安人,(Native Americans from,Asia),?,1607,1753,英國在北美形成了,13,個殖民區(qū),1607.5,英國倫敦公司在弗吉尼亞的詹姆斯敦建,立第一個永久居留地。,1620.12.26,英國清教徒移民乘“五月花”號輪,漂洋到達(dá)

20、普利茅斯，在船上通過了五月花號公,約,(European settlers),25,1774.9.5,第一屆大陸會議在費(fèi)城召開，,抗議英國的行為，呼吁人民起來斗爭。,(War of Independence),1776.7.4,大陸會議通過杰斐遜起草的獨(dú)立宣言,草案。,( Independence Day )(National,Day),獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭,（,1774,1783,）,26,1787.5.25,制憲會議在費(fèi)城召開，草擬了新憲法。,1789,年,3,月,4,日，憲法正式生效,(The US Constitution),1789.4.30,美國聯(lián)邦政府成立，喬治,華盛頓就任第,一屆美國總統(tǒng),獨(dú)立的民族主權(quán)國家的建成,（,1781,1814,）,27,南北戰(zhàn)爭及重建時期,（,1861,1877,）,1861.4.15,林肯總統(tǒng)宣布國內(nèi)存在叛亂，并召募,75000,名志愿者，南北戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)。,1865.4.9,南部邦聯(lián)軍投降，美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)結(jié)束,(the Civil War),28,19,世紀(jì)后半葉經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展,（,1877,1900,）,29,1917.4.6,美國對德國宣戰(zhàn)，參與第一次世,界大戰(zhàn)。,(The First World War