2021年托福寫作中挑選詞匯的解析

1、托福寫作中挑選詞匯的解析 托福寫作的目的在于通過這一命題形式，檢測(cè)考生的語言功底。托福寫作考試，歸根結(jié)底仍是一種語言水平考試，運(yùn)用英語對(duì)自己的想法以及論據(jù)論點(diǎn)進(jìn)行詮釋是托?？荚嚨闹攸c(diǎn)。下面我們一起看看怎樣在托福寫作中用詞最合適吧。 英文寫作反映考生綜合運(yùn)用英語語言的能力，只有在宏觀和微觀兩個(gè)方面都把握得當(dāng)才能構(gòu)成一篇 _的TOEFL作文。這里的宏觀是就一篇文章的框架結(jié)構(gòu)而言的，而微觀是指一篇文章的語篇要素，即文章中表達(dá)意義的微觀單位，包括單詞、短語和句子。語篇要素運(yùn)用的純熟，能很好地反映一個(gè)人的語言修養(yǎng)，準(zhǔn)確的用詞、多樣化的句式結(jié)構(gòu)以及精妙得體的修辭會(huì)使整篇文章熠熠生輝，極富感染力。 TOEF

2、L作文考試作為一種語言測(cè)試方式，其重點(diǎn)在于考查考生的英語語言水平，對(duì)語篇要素的把握在寫作TOEFL作文的過程當(dāng)中無疑是至關(guān)重要的。熟練恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用語篇要素會(huì)令你的作文妙筆生花，卓爾不群。 寫作中用詞不準(zhǔn)確是很容易犯的毛病，good，terrible，see，ni _，kind，greatly，think，know，something等詞匯在學(xué)生作文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。這些詞本身并沒有問題，是英語常用詞，但是它們表達(dá)的意思過于模糊，很多情況下，應(yīng)該使用意義更加準(zhǔn)確的詞。況且，學(xué)生老是使用這幾個(gè)詞會(huì)給人以表達(dá)形式單調(diào)，詞匯量貧乏，文章缺乏感染力的印象。 下面的一些例子，通過換用一、兩個(gè)準(zhǔn)確生動(dòng)的詞語或是運(yùn)用

3、一些固定搭配及習(xí)語就使整個(gè)句子增色不少。 1.Original: Solving trivial problems in the dorm will add your social experien _ and help you to understand other peoples feelings and learn to be kind. Revised: Solving trivial problems in the dorm will enrich your social experien _ and help you to understand other peoples feel

4、ings and learn to be considerate. 亮點(diǎn)評(píng)析 add，kind表達(dá)的含義都比較寬泛。 add可以指數(shù)量上的增加，也可以指程度的加強(qiáng)，對(duì)于“豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)、增加知識(shí)”這個(gè)意思，用enrich會(huì)使表達(dá)更準(zhǔn)確。 kind從字面意義上講是“好的、善良的”，用kind來形容人無法具體地表現(xiàn)出一個(gè)人的性格特征到底怎樣，原句中是想表達(dá)“考慮周到、體貼入微”的特點(diǎn)，要準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)這個(gè)含義應(yīng)選擇considerate。 2. Original: Scien _ and technology have greatly influen _d our lives and our society

5、is changing very rapidly. Revised: Scien _ and technology have e to pervade every aspect of our lives and, as a result, society is changing at a speed which is quite unpre _dented. 亮點(diǎn)評(píng)析 greatly，rapidly屬于常用詞，表示程度高、速度快，這樣的詞在表達(dá)效果上不夠具體，缺乏說服力，在修改后的句子中用了pervade every aspect of our lives就具體生動(dòng)地表現(xiàn)出科技的影響力到底有多

6、大，其影響力已滲透到我們生活的方方面面，at a speed which is quite unpre _dented意為“以一種前所未有的速度”，形象地道出了變化速度之快。 3. Original: Young people tend to think that real life is as ni _ and interesting as it is in the novels and movies, while more experien _d _s think this kind of naive daydream will only be destroyed by later exp

7、erien _s and every one should learn to get used to mon everyday life. Revised: Young people tend to think that real life is as dra _tic and fascinating as it is in the novels and movies, while more experien _d _s think this kind of naive daydream will only be destroyed by later experien _s and every

8、 one should learn to get used to tedious everyday life. 亮點(diǎn)評(píng)析 ni _，interesting，mon都屬于普通詞匯，用到句子中也顯得平淡蒼白。ni _的意思是“好的，令人愉快的”，interesting是“有趣的”，這兩個(gè)詞都不能準(zhǔn)確地描繪出年輕人所憧憬的美好生活，句中想表達(dá)的是年輕人認(rèn)為生活如同小說、電影一般充滿戲劇變化，激動(dòng)人心，要體現(xiàn)這層含義應(yīng)該用dra _tic，fascinating。dra _tic表示“ _的，戲劇性的，給人深刻印象的”，fascinating表示“具有強(qiáng)烈吸引力的，迷人的，使人神魂顛倒的”，這兩個(gè)詞的

9、程度要比ni _，interesting深得多，表現(xiàn)力也更強(qiáng)。 原句用mon表達(dá)實(shí)際的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的枯燥無味是不準(zhǔn)確的，mon的意思是“普通的，平常的”，普通平常的東西不一定是枯燥的，tedious是表示“(因過長、過慢或單調(diào))令人厭倦的，煩人的”，恰好傳達(dá)出現(xiàn)實(shí)生活由于瑣碎和重復(fù)而變得索然無味這種含義。 4. Original: You should pete to live in this society. Revised: You should pete for survival; otherwise, you will be thrown out of the tide of societ

10、y. 亮點(diǎn)評(píng)析 原句平平淡淡，只是告訴人們要在社會(huì)立足，必須競爭，但這樣一句簡單的勸告似乎缺乏說服力，修改后的句子用了pete for survival，為了生存而競爭，而且后面又添加了一個(gè)并列分句，補(bǔ)充說明了如果不pete的后果就是be thrown out of the tide of society，被社會(huì)的浪潮所淘汰，使用這些更加具體深刻的詞匯能夠形象生動(dòng)地表現(xiàn)出競爭的慘烈。 5.Original: I really believe that _oking is harmful to peoples health. Revised: I have a profound convicti

11、on that _oking is harmful to peoples health. 亮點(diǎn)評(píng)析 conviction的意思是“堅(jiān)定的看法或信仰”，have a profound conclusion表示對(duì)某種看法深信不疑，作文中提出觀點(diǎn)的句子用have a profound conclusion會(huì)比用believe態(tài)度更堅(jiān)決，立場更鮮明，而且believe這個(gè)詞非常簡單，是英語初學(xué)者就應(yīng)掌握的詞匯，換成have a profound conclusion立即增加了句子的復(fù)雜程度，體現(xiàn)了較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力。類似的提出觀點(diǎn)的表達(dá)還有： I hold a point of view that I

12、 hold the opinion that 6.Original: We know that sometimes suess is measured by how much money you earn. Revised: It does not surprise us to discover that sometimes suess is measured in terms of the money you earn. 亮點(diǎn)評(píng)析 如上句的believe一樣，know也是非常初級(jí)的詞匯，作文中出現(xiàn)I believe that，I know that這樣的表達(dá)只能體現(xiàn)考生寫作技巧的稚嫩，用It

13、 does not surprise us to discover that替換We know that并沒有改變?cè)涞暮x，卻使全句頓時(shí)增添了亮點(diǎn)。 7.Original: We all know that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply. Revised: It goes without saying that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply. 亮點(diǎn)評(píng)析 同上例一樣，kno

14、w這樣的初級(jí)詞匯應(yīng)避免在作文中使用，It goes without saying that是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“是不言而喻的”，常在作文中用來引經(jīng)據(jù)典或表明一個(gè)盡人皆知的道理，類似的表達(dá)還有： An old saying goes that Proverb goes that It is universally acknowledged that It is generally aepted that 8.Original: Some other people think that people should read extensively. Revised: Another positi

15、on says that people should read extensively. 亮點(diǎn)評(píng)析 同know，believe一樣，think也應(yīng)該盡量避免使用，修改后的句子中是用Another position says that代替think提出另一種觀點(diǎn)，也可以用hold a point of view，hold the opinion這樣的短語替換。 9.Original: The unexpected win of the _tch give us confiden _. Revised: The unexpected win of the _tch boost our confid

16、en _. 亮點(diǎn)評(píng)析 give也屬于英語中最初級(jí)、最基本的詞匯，只表示“給，給予”這個(gè)動(dòng)作，不涉及動(dòng)作的性質(zhì)和狀態(tài)，若表示增添信心，增強(qiáng)士氣，比較地道的說法是用boost confiden _/morale，如：The change of _nagement has boosted morale throughout the pany. 管理模式的改變使整個(gè)公司上下士氣倍受鼓舞。 10.Original: The use of drugs has increased greatly in the last ten years. Revised: The use of drugs has increased significantly in the last ten years. 亮點(diǎn)評(píng)析 greatly是一般用語，表示程度高，“很，非?！保褂孟喈?dāng)普遍而