2021年中考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法專題練習(xí)：形容詞和副詞

1、專題六形容詞和副詞學(xué)前自測(cè)（發(fā)現(xiàn)考點(diǎn)）( )1. They looked at the screen _, and all of them looked very _.A. careful; nervously B. carefully; nervous C. careful; nervous D. carefully; nervously( )2. I am sorry this coat is not big enough. I want a _ one.A. bigger B. big C. small D. smaller( )3. Mary has been ill in bed f

2、or a week. I wonder if she is _ now.A. much better B. some better C. any better D. very better( )4. My brother cant speak English as _ as me, but he is _ at math than me.A. well; good B. well; better C. good; better D. good; well( )5. My grandma told me a good story, but I told a _ one.A. good B. be

3、tter C. best D. worse( )6. The volunteer spoke as _ as she could to make visitors understand her.A. clearer B. clear C. clearly D. more clearly( )7. Are you feeling better after seeing the doctor? Im afraid not. I am _ than yesterday.A. bad B. much worse C. more worse D. much more worse( )8. Did Bob

4、by do his best in the final exam? No, but of all the students he did _.A. most carefully B. much more careful C. much more carefully D. the most careful( )9. Helen, can I wear a jeans and a T-shirt to the evening party? OK! But a dress might be _.A. good B. well C. better D. best( )10. Hangzhou is o

5、ne of _ I have ever seen.A. the more wonderful place B. the more wonderful placesC. the most wonderful places D. the most wonderful place?？伎键c(diǎn)知識(shí)清單（研習(xí)考點(diǎn)）考點(diǎn)一 形容詞的用法及位置1. 形容詞的用法(1) 形容詞是用來(lái)描寫(xiě)或修飾名詞(或代詞)的一類詞。 形容詞在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等成份。Peter is tall. 彼得個(gè)子高。 (作表語(yǔ))We must keep our room clean. 我們必須保持我們的教室干凈。 (作賓補(bǔ))S

6、he has short hair. 她留短發(fā)。 (作定語(yǔ))(2) 多個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí),其順序?yàn)?限定詞(冠詞、指示代詞等)+數(shù)詞+描述性形容詞+大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低等形容詞+形狀+新舊+顏色+國(guó)籍+材料性質(zhì)+用途類別。a small round table 一張小圓桌, a dirty old brown shirt 一件又臟又舊的棕色襯衣巧記: 多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)的順序口訣限定描述大長(zhǎng)高,形狀年齡與新老;顏色國(guó)籍出材料,用途類別往后靠。(3) 某些形容詞加上定冠詞可以泛指一類人,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),如:the dead, the living, the rich, the poor, the

7、blind 等。The poor are in great need of help. 窮人們非常需要幫助。(4) 有關(guān)國(guó)家和民族的形容詞加上定冠詞指這個(gè)民族的整體,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),如:the British, the English, the French, the Chinese 等。The Chinese are hard-working. 中國(guó)人是勤奮努力的。2. 形容詞的位置(1) 形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般放在修飾詞的前面。I think its an interesting book. 我覺(jué)得這是一本有趣的書(shū)。(2) 形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)放在不定代詞之后。She has somethin

8、g important to tell us. 她有重要的事情要告訴我們?？键c(diǎn)二 副詞的用法及位置1. 副詞的功能及用法副詞是用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞以及全句的詞,表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念。(1) 作狀語(yǔ),修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞和全句。The students are working hard in school. 學(xué)生們?cè)趯W(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)。(2) 作表語(yǔ),多數(shù)與介詞同形的副詞以及一些表示位置的副詞都可以用作表語(yǔ)。Im afraid I must be off now. 恐怕我現(xiàn)在得走了。(3) 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。I saw him out just now. 剛才我看見(jiàn)他出去了。(

9、4) 作定語(yǔ)。The people here are hard-working. 這里的人們是很勤勞的。2. 副詞的位置(1)修飾動(dòng)詞,多數(shù)位于動(dòng)詞之后,及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)之后。She speaks English well. 她英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得很好。(2) 頻度副詞(always, never, often 等)通常放在行為動(dòng)詞之前,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、be 動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞之后。 但是sometimes 位置較靈活,還可以放在句子的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾。My sister sometimes has lunch at school. =Sometimes my sister has lunch at school. =My

10、sister has lunch at school sometimes. 我姐姐有時(shí)候在學(xué)校吃午飯。(3) 修飾形容詞或副詞,放在被修飾詞之前。He has a very nice watch. 他有一塊非常漂亮的手表。(4) 作表語(yǔ),放在系動(dòng)詞后。She is out at the moment. 此刻她在外面。(5) 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),放在賓語(yǔ)之后。Please have them in. 請(qǐng)讓他們進(jìn)來(lái)。(6) 修飾全句,放在句首。Perhaps/ Maybe hes watching TV at home. 也許他正在家里看電視。(7) enough 修飾形容詞或副詞放在形容詞、副詞之后。

11、He is old enough to go to school. 他足夠大了能去上學(xué)了。考點(diǎn)三 形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)1. 構(gòu)成(1) 規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)一般單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er,-est talltallertallest以不發(fā)音的字母 e 結(jié)尾的單音詞只加-r,-st nicenicernicest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)單詞,雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母,再加-er,-estbigbiggerbiggest“以輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,改 y 為 i,再加-er,-est busybusierbusiest其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞,在前面加 more, most 來(lái)構(gòu)成比較

12、級(jí)和最高級(jí)importantmore important most important(2) 不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/ well betterbestbad/ badly/ ill worseworstmuch/ many moremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/ further farthest/ furthest2. 用法(1) 形容詞比較等級(jí)的用法比較等級(jí)用法例句原級(jí)肯定句中用“as+原級(jí)形容詞+as ”的結(jié)構(gòu)My handwriting is as beautiful as yours.我的書(shū)法和你的一樣好。否定句中用“not as/ so+原級(jí)

13、形容詞+as ”結(jié)構(gòu)Rose is not as/ so tall as Mary.露絲沒(méi)有瑪麗高。比較級(jí)兩者之間的比較用“形容詞比較級(jí)+than”You look much younger than I do.你看上去比我年輕多了。兩者比較也可以用“the+比較級(jí)+of 短語(yǔ)(比較范圍)”,表示“兩者中較的那一個(gè)”It is the narrower of the two streets.這是兩條街道中比較窄的一條。“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”或“more and more+原級(jí)”,表示“越來(lái)越”O(jiān)ur country is getting stronger and stronger.我們的國(guó)

14、家變得越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大。“the + 比較級(jí) the + 比較級(jí)”表示“越,越”The more difficult the problem is, the more careful we should be.問(wèn)題越難,我們就越應(yīng)小心。最高級(jí)the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞+表示范圍的短語(yǔ)或從句Luke is the fastest runner of the three boys.魯克是這三個(gè)男孩中跑得最快的。one of the+最高級(jí),表示“是最之一”Qingdao is one of the most beautiful cities in China.青島是中國(guó)最美麗的城市之一。比較級(jí) + th

15、an + any other + 名詞單數(shù)/ anyone else/ anything else 或比較級(jí)+ than + all other+名 詞復(fù)數(shù)表示最高級(jí)的含義Time is more valuable than anything else.時(shí)間是最珍貴的東西。(2) 副詞比較等級(jí)的用法比較等級(jí)用法例句原級(jí)肯定句中用“as+原級(jí)副詞+as ”的結(jié)構(gòu)I love music as much as Betty does.我和貝蒂一樣喜歡音樂(lè)。否定句中用“not as/ so+原級(jí)副詞+as ”結(jié)構(gòu)She cant use the computer so/ as well as you.

16、她電腦沒(méi)有你運(yùn)用得好。用“ times + as+原級(jí)副詞+as ”的形式表示倍數(shù)This car runs three times as fast as that one.這輛車的行駛速度是那輛車的三倍。比較級(jí)“副詞的比較級(jí)+than”句式She comes here less often than before.她不像以前那樣經(jīng)常來(lái)這里了。no+比較級(jí) than和 not+比較級(jí) than John speaks Chinese no more fluently than his younger brother. 約翰漢語(yǔ)說(shuō)得和他弟弟一樣都不流暢。比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)She plays

17、the piano more and more beautifully. 她鋼琴?gòu)椀迷絹?lái)越好。the+比較級(jí) , the+比較級(jí) The harder you work, the better you will learn.你越努力,學(xué)得就會(huì)越好。最高級(jí)(the)+副詞最高級(jí)+表示范圍的短語(yǔ)或從句He talks (the) least and does (the) most in his class.他是班上說(shuō)得最少干得最多的人。鞏固訓(xùn)練（夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)）一、單項(xiàng)選擇( )1. Tom, do you know which month has _ days in a year?February.A

18、. fewer B. the fewest C. less D. the least( )2. I can _ believe that Linda won the competition. Me, too. She didnt prepare at all.A. hard B. hardly C. almost D. nearly( )3. When winter comes, days get _.A. long and long B. short and shortC. longer and longer D. shorter and shorter( )4. You are not _

19、 to carry the box. But I think I can.A. weak enough B. enough weakC. strong enough D. enough strong( )5. Who is Jack? He is my _ brother. He is two years _ than me.A. elder; older B. older; olderC. elder; elder D. older; elder( )6. How can I improve my English? _ you work at it, _ progress you will

20、make.A. The harder; the more B. The more hardly; the moreC. The hardlier; the greater D. The harder; the great( )7. Jacks pants are as _ as Jims.A. cheap B. cheaperC. the cheaper D. the cheapest( )8. There is _ snow on the road. Yes, and it is _ cold today.A. too much; much too B. too much; too much

21、C. much too; much too D. much too; too much( )9. The result was so _. And we were all _ at the result.A. disappointed; disappointed B. disappointed; disappointingC. disappointing; disappointed D. disappointing; disappointing( )10. Traffic is heavy and the price of oil is much _ than before so that many people go to work by bus instead.A. hig