動(dòng)詞不定式用法講解

1、動(dòng)詞不定式的用法講解一、動(dòng)詞不定式：構(gòu)成：to + 動(dòng)詞原形 （to只是不定式符號(hào)，沒(méi)有意義）動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句末。1.It + is/was+形容詞+(for sb.) +動(dòng)詞不定式To learn English well is useful. = Its useful to learn English well. 學(xué)好英語(yǔ)是有用的。To protect environment is important for us.= Its important for us to protect environment. 對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)保護(hù)環(huán)境是很重要的。2

2、. It is / was + kind / good/ nice/ clever + of sb. + 動(dòng)詞不定式Its very kind of you to help me. 你幫助我真是太好啦。Its very clever of you to do like that. 你那樣做真的太聰明啦。3. It takes ( took , will take ) sb. some time to do something. (做某事花費(fèi)某人時(shí)間)4.It is a good idea to do sth.作賓語(yǔ) 1.常見(jiàn)的跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：want to do sth. decide

3、 to do sth. hope to do sth. plan to do sth.offer to do sth. agree to do sth. learn to do sth try to do sth prefer to do sthpromise to do sth. need to do sth. expect to do sth.2. 主語(yǔ)+ find / think + it +形容詞 + (for sb.) + to doI find it easy to read English every day. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)每天讀英語(yǔ)和容易的。He felt it hard to sl

4、eep. 他覺(jué)得很難入睡。I think it very interesting to learn English. 我認(rèn)為學(xué)英語(yǔ)很有趣。We found it impossible to cross the river. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)河是不可能的。3.特殊疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)Can you tell me how to get to the post office? I didnt know what to do next.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：1. ask sb to do sth. tell sb to do sth.invite sb to do sth want sb to do

5、 sthwish sb to do sth order sb to do sth advise sb to do sthallow sb to do sth wait for sb to do sth The question is difficult to answer. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題很難回答The room is comfortable to live in. 這個(gè)房間住起來(lái)很舒服He is easy to get along with. 他很容易相處Im glad to see you again. 很高興再次見(jiàn)到你She told me to buy a ticket. 她讓我去買張票2.

6、要省去to. 注意:賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的。賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)之間有邏輯的主謂關(guān)系。 He told me to leave at once. He made the baby laugh.跟省to的不定式的動(dòng)詞(感使動(dòng)詞)：一感 feel 二聽(tīng) listen to, hear 三使 make, let, have 四看 look at, watch, see, notice 五半幫助 helpThe teachers helped the students (to) learn English well. 那些老師幫助學(xué)生學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。He often helps his mother (to) t

7、idy up the room. 他經(jīng)常幫助他媽媽整理房間。作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)的“職業(yè)、職責(zé)或性質(zhì)”Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作就是打掃大廳。My dream is to be a teacher. 我的夢(mèng)想是當(dāng)一名教師。作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式修飾名詞或代詞，起形容詞的作用，在句中作定語(yǔ)，特點(diǎn)：.要放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后。I have a lot of books to read. Would you like something to eat?作狀語(yǔ)He worked day and night to get the money. （表目的）他日夜工作來(lái)賺

8、錢。(too.to.,和.adj/adv enough to do sth) （表結(jié)果）She is too young to go to school.She isnt old enough to go to school.They were very sad to hear the news. （表原因）聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息他們非常傷心。The question is simple for him to answer.（表程度）這個(gè)問(wèn)題對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)太容易回答了。不定式的否定式是在不定式前加not They told us not to play basketball too long. You had

9、 better not go to bed late.動(dòng)詞不定式練習(xí)1.He came _ (give) us a talk yesterday. 2.She is always the last _ (come).3.Tom promised _ (attend) the meeting. 4.He was lucky enough _ (find) a seat.5.Li Ming was too excited _ (say) a word. 6.The boss made them _ (work) the whole night.7.His job is _ (look) after

10、 the animals in the zoo. 8.My dream is _ (fly) to the moon one day.9.Its kind _ you _ me. A.of, helping B.of , to help C.for, helping D.for, to help10.Its hard _ (of, for) us _ (learn) English well. 11.I tried _ (not make) any noise.12.I need _ (practise) speaking more English.13.I dont know how _ (

11、use) the washing machine. 14.Do you want to get something _ (eat)?15.There is no more room _ (live) in. 16.My teacher often tells me _ (listen) carefully in class.17.We often see Mary _ (help) others on her way home. 18.Our teacher asks us _ (write) down the new words.19.- Mary dances best in our school.- I agree. Ill never forget _ her dance for the first time. A.seeing B.to see C.see D