公共英語等級(jí)考試一級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)資料

1、反意疑問句一，定義：當(dāng)我們陳述了一個(gè)事實(shí)，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陳述句后加一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短問句，稱為反意疑問句。例如: She is a teacher, isnt she? We are students, arent we?二，反義疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)一：前肯，+后否eg. He is a student, isnt he?結(jié)構(gòu)二：前否，+后肯eg. He isnt a student, is he?三，反義疑問句的做題步驟同學(xué)們看到反義疑問句時(shí)，一定要想到以下這兩個(gè)步驟1， 判定。判斷用肯定還是否定。（前面的句子中有否定詞not, never, few, little, nothing的時(shí)候，后

2、面用肯定：反之，則用否定）eg. He has never been to paris, has he ? She knows little English, does she?2， 找動(dòng)詞。(用于提問的動(dòng)詞有三種：be, do 和have。其中be 動(dòng)詞包括 am, is, are, was, were. Do包括do, does, did. Have包括have 和has，had.)eg. She is a doctor, isnt she? (這里是be動(dòng)詞) She likes music, doesnt she? (這里是一般性的行為動(dòng)詞，用do的各種形式來提問)Mr. Smith

3、has bought many books, hasnt he? (這里是have表示完成時(shí)態(tài))注意：當(dāng)看到have的時(shí)候。同學(xué)們一定要注意，當(dāng)have表示“有”和“吃”的意思時(shí)，我們不用have，而是用do的各種形式。例如：She has a book, doesnt she? (有一本書) You have a good friend, dont you？(有一個(gè)好朋友) He usually has dinner with his parents, doesnt he ?也就是說：當(dāng)看到have+動(dòng)詞過去分詞，表示完成時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)候，用have或has 的形式提問。當(dāng)have表示“有”和“吃

4、”的意思時(shí)，我們用do的各種形式提問。名詞一， 名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞1， 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞語有: many, many a(n), a good / great many, a (great / large) number of, scores of, dozens of2， 只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞語有: much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of3，既能修飾可數(shù)名詞又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞語有: a lot of, lots of, plenty of二，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化：1.一般情況加 s ： bookbooks，hous

5、e-houses，girl-girls2.以 s, sh, ch, x結(jié)尾的加es ： class- classes, box-boxes, match-matches dishdishes3.輔音字母+ y結(jié)尾的變y為i加es： city-cities, country-countries , party-parties 4.以 o 結(jié)尾的+es的情況： heroes, tomatoes, potatoes (有生命的)以 o 結(jié)尾+s的情況 ： radios, zoos, pianos , photos（無生命的）5.以fe 結(jié)尾的 變fe為v +es ： wifewives 不規(guī)則變化：

6、manmen, womanwomen, toothteeth, footfeet, childchildren, mousemice單復(fù)數(shù)同行的有: sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese 合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式, 兩個(gè)詞都變化. 例如： man teachermen teachers woman doctorwomen doctors代詞主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞I 我memyminemyselfYou你youyouryoursyourselfHe 他himhishishimselfShe她herherhersherselfIt 它ititsitsitse

7、lfWe我們usouroursourselvesYou你們youyouryoursyourselvesThey他們themtheirtheirsthemselves用括號(hào)中人稱代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空： 1.Her sister is helping _（we）.2. John and I are in the same school._（we）go to school together.3.Everyone likes_(she)。 4. Danny gives the book to _ (you).5._ _(I) have many friends. Some of_（they）are go

8、od at English.6. Jim is English. _(I) like playing with _(he).7.I love _（they）very much.8.Miss Li often looks after_（she）. 9.They are waiting for_（they）.10.Do you like Li Ming? No, _(I) dont like _(he).介詞1,具體在哪一天用介詞on 例如：在星期一 on Mondany, 在九月十號(hào) on September 10th 2, 在哪一年用介詞in例如：在2012年, in 2012; 在1999年

9、, in 19993, 穿什么顏色的衣服用介詞in例如：She is dressed in green today.4, 河上面有一座橋用介詞overThere is a bridge over the river.（over 在什么上面，兩個(gè)物體不接觸）5，表示一段時(shí)間，介詞for+時(shí)間例如：I have worked here for three years.6,about:關(guān)于 ；在前面: in front of被動(dòng)語態(tài)一，英語中語態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。（主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，即行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象)例如： She wrote the book

10、. 她寫了這本書(主動(dòng)句) The book was written by her.這本書是被她寫的（被動(dòng)句）二， 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞二， 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的標(biāo)志性單詞：by 和with by引出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；with引出行動(dòng)使用的工具例如：He was killed by a robber.他被一個(gè)強(qiáng)盜殺死了。（這里by引出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者：robber） He was killed with a knife.他被人用刀殺死的。（這里with引出行動(dòng)使用的工具：knife）11. English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is sp

11、eaking D. is spoken2. This kind of car _ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made3 Our room must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep54 Doctors _ _ in every part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need 5. New computers _ all over the world.A. is used B.

12、 are using C. are used D. have used 6 A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building 數(shù)詞一，基數(shù)詞one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve序數(shù)詞first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth二，序數(shù)詞的運(yùn)

13、用1.一般要加the表示順序,theFirstLesson,theThirdFloor2.有限定詞時(shí)，不用the,例如：ThisisLilyssecondpen.Itsourfirstlesson.Maryismyfirstteacher.三，dozen, hundred， thousand，million和billion1,當(dāng)他們前面有數(shù)字時(shí)，后面不加S, 例如：三打three dozen 三百three hundred 三千three thousand2,當(dāng)他們后面有加S時(shí), 后面通常要跟of, 例如：hundreds of 數(shù)以百計(jì) thousands of 數(shù)以千計(jì)millions o

14、f 數(shù)百萬 dozens of 幾打主謂一致1、以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)；主語為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。2、由and或bothand連接的并列成分作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)但并列主語如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例如：The poet and writer has come.3、一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。4、集體名詞family, class, team, group 等看作整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；看作每一個(gè)成員時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 5、表時(shí)間、距離、

15、價(jià)格、度量衡等的名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。6、由連詞notbut, or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also,等連接的并列主語，如果一個(gè)是單數(shù)，一個(gè)是復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語動(dòng)詞按就近一致原則，與最靠近它的主語一致。7、There be句型、以here,there開頭的句子,謂語動(dòng)詞和靠近的主語一致。 8、 many a 單數(shù)名詞 (許多) ；作主語，盡管意思是復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語動(dòng)詞還是用單數(shù)。Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.考查主謂一致的常見題型有單項(xiàng)選擇，完型填空。做這類題時(shí)，必須找出句子的真正主語，然后

16、根據(jù)記憶的知識(shí)作出判斷。同時(shí)，要遵循三個(gè)原則：語法一致、意義一致和就近原則。1）How time flies! Ten years _ passed.A. have B. has C. is D. are2) Not only his parents but also his brother _to the Summer Palace. They havent been back. A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone3）Either Jane or Steven _ watching TV now.A. were B.is C.a

17、re D. was4) There _ many new words in Lesson One. It is very easy. A. is B. arent C. isnt D. are5) The Olympic Games _ held every_ years. A. is，four B. are，four C. is，five D. are，five6). Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _good painters. A. are.are B. am.are C. is.is D. ar

18、e.is7).-Two months _ quite a long time.-Yes. Im afraid that he will miss a lot of lessons. A. is B. are C. was D. were8）. Many a professor _ looking forward to visiting Germany now. Many scientists _ studied animals and plants in the last two years. A. is; have B. is; has C. are; have D. is; are 9）.

19、Two hundred and fifty pounds _ too unreasonable a price for a second-hand car. A. is B. are C. were D. be詞匯短語句型1.So do I 我也是2. There is something wrong with .出問題了3. What do you think of .? 你認(rèn)為怎么樣？How do you think ? 你認(rèn)為怎么樣？ How do you like? 你認(rèn)為怎么樣？4. Help yourself 請(qǐng)自便5. 打電話時(shí) 問：Who is that speaking? 答

20、：This is .speaking.6. 征求意見 問：Would you mind.? 答：Of course not.7. Would rather sb. do sth. 寧愿某人做某事8. The answer to the question 問題的答案 the key to the door 門的鑰匙9How long 多長(zhǎng) how much 多少（+不可數(shù)名詞） how many多少（+可數(shù)名詞）how often 多久一次（表示頻率） how soon 多快10. go fishing 釣魚 go shopping 逛街11. turn on打開 turn off 關(guān)掉 tur

21、n down調(diào)小，調(diào)低 turn up 開大（聲音），出現(xiàn)12. look for尋找 find out找出 look at 看一看13. arrive in/ at 到達(dá) arrive in+大地方 arrive at+小地方14. be good at擅長(zhǎng) be bad at不擅長(zhǎng) be good for 對(duì)有益 be bad for對(duì)有害15. on duty 值日 Im on duty today 今天我值日16. as soon as 一就17. catch up with 趕上 ，追上18. agree with sb 同意某人的意見19. get on well with 與和睦

22、相處20. set up：創(chuàng)立，設(shè)立 put up：舉起 抬起 pick up：拾起，撿起；無意間學(xué)會(huì)（一門語言）21. tooto 太以至于不能 She is too young to go to school.sothat 如此.以至于 She is so young that she cannot go to school.形容詞副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)關(guān)于形容詞副詞，考試時(shí)就主要考比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形容詞比較級(jí)的用法“as +原級(jí)+as”She is as smart as you. “比較級(jí)+than”Jim is taller than Tom.比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)：越來越.bigger

23、 and bigger:越來越大 more and more difficult:越來越難Her work is getting better and better. 她的工作干得越來越好I become more and more forgetful as Im getting old.隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我變得越來越健忘了。the +比較級(jí)+句子，the+比較級(jí)+句子. 越越The more you get, the more you want. 得到的越多，想要的就越多。The faster the air is moving, the stronger the wind is.空氣流動(dòng)地越

24、快，風(fēng)就越大。形容詞比較級(jí)前可用much, a lot, far, a bit 等詞修飾。例如： a lot better好多了 much taller高多了 much more comfortable 舒服多了也可以用數(shù)詞+名詞構(gòu)成 例如：two years younger 少兩歲2 形容詞最高級(jí)的用法通常由“+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+介詞短語”例如：He is the tallest boy in our class.He is the most interesting teacher in our school有時(shí)，最高級(jí)前有the second, the third等修飾例如：Los A

25、ngeles is the second largest city in America.洛杉磯是美國的第二大城市。 ( ) 2 Li Lei is_ student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest( ) 3 The fifth orange is_ of all. Give it to that small child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest( )4 Who is-of you three?A. the oldest B. much older

26、 C. oldest D. older( ) 1 Tom is one of _ boys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall( ) 2 English is one of_ spoken in the world.A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language( ) 3 Beijing is one of_ in China

27、.A. the largest city B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)終止性動(dòng)詞 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：borrow keep buy / get hadie be dead open be open close be closed begin / start (開演) be on finish / end / complete be over leave / start (出發(fā)) be away go to school be at schooljoin the army be in the ar

28、my join the Party be in the Partyfall asleep / get to sleep be asleep receive / get a letter from / hear from have a letter from 持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞后面可以加for+時(shí)間段現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1形式：have+過去分詞； has+過去分詞Eg. I have finished my homework. 我已經(jīng)寫完了我的家庭作業(yè) He has returned from school. 他已經(jīng)從學(xué)?；貋?.用法1.表示截止到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作eg By now, I have colle

29、cted all the data that I need. 2.表示發(fā)生在過去而對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響、帶來結(jié)果的動(dòng)作eg She has been to the United States.3.表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能還要延續(xù) eg I have learned English for 8 years.過去完成時(shí)：had+ 過去分詞1.發(fā)生在“過去的過去”eg When I woke up, it had stopped raining. 2.與一個(gè)表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用eg Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the

30、 time he was ten.3.在過去某時(shí)之前開始一直延續(xù)到這一時(shí)間eg By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. 過去將來時(shí)1.賓語從句或間接引語中eg He didnt expect that we would all be there. 2.表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作eg During that period, he would do this every day.3.表示過去的愿望、傾向，多用于否定句eg They knew that we would never permit such a thing. 一般過去式標(biāo)志性詞：yesterday, the day before yesterday, two years ago, last month the other day 不久前一 天 in 19999 （在過去的年月）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)標(biāo)志性詞：now, look! Listen!Look, they are playing