人教版高中英語必修四unit2全課件

1、1.struggle vt. in a poor family,84,Scientist of farming,Southwest Agriculture College,in 1953,His first dream,His second dream,care little about money and fame,Personal information,Achievements,Hobbies,grow rice that has a high output,circulate his knowledge abroad,give money to equip others for the

2、ir research,playing his violin,listening to violin music,playing mah-jong,swimming,riding his motorcycle to his rice fields,T or F,1 Dr Yuan is more a farmer than a scientist. 2 Dr Yuans rice is one of the most suitable ways for Chinas farmland. 3 Dr Yuan would rather work than relax. 4 Dr Yuan has

3、dreams when he is asleep and also when he is awake. 5 Dr Yuan enjoys a simpler life than most rich and famous people,the use of -ing form,Grammar,一、動名詞的形式,二、功能及用法(作主語,1作主語. 動名詞作主語時，句子有三種形式： 動名詞直接置于句首主語的位置上。 1) 捉弄別人是我們萬萬不能干的. _ is something we should never do 2)學習新單詞對我來說非常重要。 _ is very important for

4、me 3)說比做容易。 _ is easier than doing,Playing tricks on others,Learning new words,Talking,用形式主語it，把真正的主語動名詞結構移置句尾。但這種句子形式有一定的限制，作表語的只能是某些形容詞或少數(shù)名詞，如useful，useless，good，fun；no use，worth等。如： 1) Its worth making the effort 這事值得去做。 2) 和夏洛克爭辯是沒有什么用的。 _ with Shylock 3)想再解釋一次有好處嗎? _ 4)跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。 _,二、功能及用法(

5、作主語,It is useless trying to argue,Is it any good trying to explain,It is pleasant working with you,在there be結構中作主語，這種結構的意思相當于“It is impossible to do ” 如： 1) There is no hiding of evil but not to do it 若要人不知，除非己莫為。 2)這種事開不得玩笑。 Here is _ about such matter. 3)無法知道他什么時候離開。 There was _ when he would leav

6、e,二、功能及用法(作主語,no joking,no knowing,動名詞作主語與不定式作主語的區(qū)別： 動名詞表示的動作通常是一個泛指的動作，不定式則通常表示具體的動作。如： 1)還是個孩子的時侯，她就覺得探視病人是一種責任，也是一種愉悅。 As a child，she felt that _ was a duty and a pleasure 2)到美國人家里做客對我來說將是一個極好的經(jīng)歷。 _ in an American home will be a good experience for me,二、功能及用法(作主語,visiting sick people,To be a gues

7、t,3) 一直不做就是作惡。 _is doing ill 4)他說：“繼續(xù)這樣下去是無用的?！?He said，“To go on like this is no use” 5)我很榮幸被邀請參加這個晚會。 Its an honor for me to be invited to the party,在實際運用中，一般兩者可以互換，差異不大，但下列情況不能互換,Doing nothing,二、功能及用法(作主語,常用-ing形式作主語的句型有： It +be +a waste of time doing 做是浪費時間的 It is/was no good/use doing 做是沒用處的 It

8、 is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做是值得的 There is no doing 無法， 不允許 There is no sense in doing 做沒有道理 There is/was no use doing 干無意義 There is/was nothing worse than doing 沒有比更糟的 There is/was no point doing 干無意義,二、功能及用法(作主語,我們不知道要去哪兒。 There was no knowing where we

9、 would go. 做這件傻事毫無意義。 _,注意：There is no need to do sth 干沒必要，在此句式中to do 不可換為doing. 沒有必要告訴她。 _,而在Its important / Its necessary / Its advisable / Its essential / Its fitting 這類句型中，只能用不定式，如： Its important to learn foreign languages. Its quite necessary to read it many times,There is no point doing such a

10、 silly thing,There is no need to tell her,二、功能及用法(作主語,提示：當動名詞用作主語時，其邏輯主語由形容詞性物主代詞和名詞所有格構成。 1) 我姐姐病了，使我很擔心。 My sisters being ill made we worried. 2) 你正確未必就意味著我錯了。 Your being right doesnt necessarily mean _,my being wrong,二、功能及用法(作主語,動名詞作賓語有兩種情況。一是有些動詞只能后接動名詞作賓語；二是有些動詞既可后接動名詞也可后接不定式作賓語。 只能后接動名詞作賓語的動詞，

11、常見的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannot help，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannot stand等。如： 1)我不能不去。 I cant avoid going 2)你是否考慮過找一位摯友? Have you considered _ one special friend,二、功能及用法 (用作賓語,looking for,3)我們必須設法避免犯同樣的錯誤。 We must try to _ the same mistake 4)晚飯后你想和我一起散步嗎?

12、Do you _ with me after supper? 5)人們忍不住嘲笑那個愚蠢的人。 People _ foolish man 這類動詞還有：excuse，fancy，give up，put off，risk等,二、功能及用法 (用作賓語,avoid repeating,feel like having a walk,couldnt help laughing at that,既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語的動詞，常見的有：begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer，by，mean，forget，remember，hate等。 A在like，love，

13、hate，prefer等動詞之后，用-ing或不定式意義上沒有什么不同，只是側重點有些不同，動名詞表示泛指的動作，不定式表示具體的一次性動作。 B在begin/start，continue之后，用動名詞和不定式，意義無甚區(qū)別，尤其是當主語是人的時候。 C在動詞forget，remember，regret之后，用動名詞與不定式意義不同。動名詞表示動作先于謂語發(fā)生，不定式表示后于謂語動作，如,二、功能及用法 (用作賓語,I remember posting the letter 我記得我已把信寄了。 2) Ill remember to post the letter 我會記著去寄信的。 3) I

14、 shall never forget seeing the famous writer _ 4)Dont forget to write to your mother _ 5) 我真后悔沒趕上那次報告會,二、功能及用法 (用作賓語,我永遠不會忘記見到過那位著名作家,不要忘了給你母親寫信,I regret missing the report,D在try，mean之后，意義各不相同，如try to do (設法)，try doing (試試)，mean to do (打算，有意要做)，mean doing (意思是，意味著)。如： 1)我們必須設法及時把一切搞好。 We must try to

15、 get everything done in time 2)我們用別的方法做這工作試試。 Lets try doing the working in some other way 3) I didnt mean to make you angry _ 4) Your plan would mean spending hours _,二、功能及用法 (用作賓語,我并不想叫你生氣,你的計劃意味著要花費幾個小時,E go on doing 和go on to do go on doing繼續(xù)做一直在做的事；go on to do接著做另一件事。如： 1) 請接著做這同一個練習。 _ the sam

16、e exercise 2) 請做另外一個練習。 _ the other exercise Fstop doing與stop to do: Stop doing停止做，stop to do停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如： 我們停止了交談。_ 我們停了下來去談話。_,二、功能及用法 (用作賓語,Please go on doing,Please go on to do,We stopped talking,We stopped to talk,3作介詞賓語. 動名詞可與介詞一起構成介詞短語。A介詞+動名詞，如： 1) 我們得想些法子改變人們的習慣。 Weve got to think of way

17、s of changing peoples habits. 2)我向你道歉，剛才對你那樣生氣。 I apologize _ so angry with you. 3)離開幾年之后再回到你生長的地方，感覺有點怪。 _ away for several years，it is a strange experience to return to the place you were born and brought up,二、功能及用法 (用作賓語,for being,After being,B動詞+介詞+動名詞，如： 1)我堅持為這次出行帶足需要的食物。 I insist on taking pr

18、oper food fort his expedition 2)同學們臉上沒有笑容，相反都做了怪臉。 _，each of them made a face 她對為我們公司工作很感興趣。 She was very _ for our company 下列短語中的to都是介詞，所以后面跟名詞或-ing形式：devote to，object to，pay attention to，get down to，lead to, look forward to，stick to，be used to等,二、功能及用法 (用作賓語,Instead of smiling,interested in workin

19、g,1. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.( 2004全國 ) A. Having suffered B.Suffering C. That D. Suffered,精析：根據(jù)句意“it may now be too late to ” 和 “already”可知“河流已經(jīng)被嚴重污染”，應用完成時。答案A,高考鏈接,2. _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. ( 全國2002)A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given,解析：本題考查過去分詞作狀語的用法。分析題干，前一部分相當于一個條件狀語從句，即If he is given ，因為主句是 i