as if 用法小結(jié)

1、as if與as though用法,as if 與as though 是一組同義詞，兩者意思相同，用法也相同，只是在口語中人們多半會用as if, 取其簡短。as if 和as though 用法較為復(fù)雜,as if和as though的功能,1)引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句they talked as if they had been friends for years,2)引導(dǎo)表語從句 he looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairy tales and had passed me like a spirit. (高二冊，第92頁)

2、he made that remark as if absently. 他好像是漫不經(jīng)心地說了那句話,3)引導(dǎo)感嘆句，表示對某種建議、假定、 想象等的反對,as if i cared! 好像我很在乎似的?。ㄏ喈?dāng)于：i dont care!） as if anyone would believe that story! 好像人人都會相信那種說法似的！ he warned me against associating with people of doubtful character，as if i ever should! 他告誡我不要同可疑的人來往，好像我真會那樣做似的,用于下列句型中：itl

3、ooks/seemsasif. 表示“看起來似乎”。 其中it為人稱代詞，本身并無詞義, looks/seems是連系動詞，asif引出表語從句。如,she looks as if she were ten years younger她看起來好像年輕了十歲,it seems as if our team is going to win看來我們隊要勝了,一引導(dǎo)表語從句,as if意為“就好象” 或 “似乎似的”。 當(dāng)說話者認(rèn)為句子所述的是真實的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事實時，從句用陳述語氣，句子的謂語為 look, seem, taste, smell, sound， feel等。如,二 引導(dǎo)方式

4、狀語從句,it sounds as if it is raining 聽起來像是在下雨。 it looks as if it might snow 看來好像要下雪了,you have acted as if you like me.it smells as if it is fresh. 聞起來很新鮮。 she loves the boy as if she were his mother她愛這男孩，就好像她是他的母親一樣。the child talked to us as if he were a grown up那孩子跟我們談起話來，像個成年人似的,再看其她例子：theres hob, t

5、alking to the ticket-collector. it looks as if he hasnt got a platform ticket. 那不，霍布正在同檢票員說話，看樣子還沒弄到站臺票。you look as if youve been running. 你好像剛跑了一陣似的。you look as if you know each other.he looks as if hes tired.it looks/seems as if youre right,試比較： he talks as if he is drunk 從他談話的樣子來看他是醉了 he walks as

6、 if he were drunk. 第一句表示“他已經(jīng)醉了”，第2句則表示“他沒有醉”。又如：it looks as if it is going to rain.it looks as if it were going to rain.第一例意味著快要下雨了，第二例則意味著不會下雨,在通常情況下， as if 和as though 所引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞多用虛擬語氣，表示說話人認(rèn)為句子所敘述的情況與事實相反，是不真實的或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時。具體用法如下,三：as if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況,三：as if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況,1）如果從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時

7、。（動詞be用were,也可用was）如,you look as if you didnt care 你看上去好像并不在乎。 he talks as if he knew where she was 他說話的樣子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。 he behaves as if he owned the house. 他的樣子好像他擁有這個房子。 he treats me as if /as though i were a stranger,he talks about rome as if he had been there before 他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過羅馬似的。 the girl l

8、istened as if she had been turned to stone 那女孩傾聽著，一動也不動，像已經(jīng)變成了石頭似的,2）從句表示與過去事實相反， 謂語動詞用“had過去分詞”。如,三：as if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況,但是，如果狀態(tài)動詞帶有持續(xù)時間狀語，則用過去完成時： they talked as if they had been friends for years. (高二，p95) (試比較：they had been friends for years.) now it is as though she had known millie for years. 情態(tài)動詞

9、亦用過去時： she felt as though she could hardly endure such a life. 她覺得簡直無法忍受這樣的生活,三：as if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況。 注意：談?wù)撨^去情形的動詞形式有以下幾種,a)過去式，表示過去的狀態(tài)，如： he looked at me as if i were mad. 他那樣看我，好像我是個瘋子,b)過去完成時，表示過去的動作先于主句動詞而發(fā)生或完成，如： it was as if he had lost his last friend.“i remember,” she tells her children now, “ho

10、w wild his white hair lookedas if it had been electrified.”（高二冊，第91頁,必須注意的時，在指過去的動作時，即使主句是現(xiàn)在時，as if 從句中的動詞也要用過去完成時,you look as if youd seen a ghost. 你好像是見了鬼似的。he talks about rome as though he had been there himself. 他講起羅馬的情況來就好像他親自到過那里似的,三：as if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況,c)過去進(jìn)行時，表示動作正在進(jìn)行：he heard a noise, as if so

11、meone was breathing. （高一冊，第211頁）he ran as if ghosts were chasing him.i felt as if the ground were slipping beneath my feet. 我感到大地仿佛在腳下滑動,d)過去將來時，表示將要發(fā)生的事態(tài)：it looked as if it was going to snow. （高一冊，第127頁）he opened his lips as if he would say something to you,三：as if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況,3. 隨著語言的發(fā)展，as if后面的從句即

12、使反映的不是事實，也可以不用虛擬語氣而用陳述語氣，這主要出現(xiàn)在口語或不太正式的文體中。例如,with the development of these new tools, it is as if man has suddenly become a millionaire of the mind. 隨著這些新工具的發(fā)展，人好像突然間成為精神上的 百萬富翁似的,teen-agers may talk as if they know it all, but statistics tell a different story,三：as if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況,it looks like its

13、going to rain today.she looks like shell win the race.i love that boy like he was my son.he looked like he needed someone to talk to, so we lent him an ear.he sat there smiling like it was his birthday,4. 在非正式文體（尤其是美國英語）中，可以用like 做連詞代替as if 和as though。例如,she started kissing me like we were on our ho

14、neymoon. 她開始吻我，好像是在度蜜月似的,三：as if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況,1) as if +不定式he opened his lips as if (he were) to make some reply. 他張開嘴似乎要說什么。the bee checked its forward speed, circled and then drifted slowly over the mirror like surface of the pool as if to admire its own reflection. 蜜蜂放慢飛行速度，轉(zhuǎn)了幾圈兒，然后在清澈如鏡的水潭 上空慢慢地飄過

15、，似乎要欣賞它自己的倒影,5. as if和as though從句中的省略 當(dāng)as if和as though從句的主語與主句一致時，該主語 和后面的動詞可以省略。于是便出現(xiàn)下面幾種結(jié)構(gòu),三：as if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況,2)as if +現(xiàn)在分詞 from time to time jason turned round as though (he was) searching for someone.john paused as if expecting mary to speak. 約翰停下來，似乎是等瑪麗開口。nevertheless, the bee kept exercising

16、the wings slowly up and down, as though assessing the damage. 然而，那只蜜蜂仍然在不停地慢慢上下活動著它地翅膀，仿佛在估量著所受的損害,5. as if 和as though從句中的省略,3)不定式+形容詞或形容詞短語 carrie felt as if unable to endure such a life. 嘉莉覺得似乎無法再忍受這種生活了。 he lay still for a long while, as if dead,4)as if +名詞 he acts as if (he was) a fool,5. as if和

17、as though從句中的省略,5) as if +副詞 he made that remark as if absently. 他好像是漫不經(jīng)心地說了那句話。 6)as if +介詞短語 he looked about as if (he was) in search of something,6. as if-從句認(rèn)識上的一個誤區(qū),普遍認(rèn)為由as if (as though)引出的表示虛擬語氣的方式狀語從句中， 如果主句的謂語是一般時，其從句的謂語一般應(yīng)該用動詞的過去式 (be用were)； 反之，主句的謂語用一般過去時，從句謂語一般用“had +過去分詞,對于as if 的用法，一些人的

18、認(rèn)識上存在著一個誤區(qū) 即把as if從句中動詞的形式與主句的時態(tài)相聯(lián)系,6. as if-從句認(rèn)識上的一個誤區(qū),he looks as if he were ill.he looked as if he were ill.he looks as if he had been ill.he looked as if he had been ill. 在現(xiàn)代英語中，有時即使從句內(nèi)容不是事實，也可能用陳述 語氣。如： i feel as if /as though im floating on air. 他感到好像漂浮在空中。 the stuffed dog barked as if it is /were/ was a real one. 玩具狗叫起來像真狗,其實這種認(rèn)為從句動詞形式受主句時態(tài)制約的觀點是不符合現(xiàn)代英語實際運用的。as if和 as though后謂語動詞的形式與主句時態(tài)無關(guān)，現(xiàn)代英語慣用法詞典上也有如下例句,6. as if-從句認(rèn)識上的一個誤區(qū),下面在提供一些主句用現(xiàn)在時而從句仍用過