人教版高中英語選修七Unit3Undertheseareading(6)

1、名校名 推薦 unit 3 under the sea reading 課時作業(yè)i. 閱讀理解mark twain has been called the inventor of the american novel. and he surely deservesadditional praise: the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.i say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature

2、in theyears before the civil war. h. b. stowe s uncle tom s cabin is only the most famous example.these early stories dealt directly with slavery. with minor exceptions, twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. he drew his

3、readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.again and again, in the postwar years, twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge ofrace. consider the most controversial, at least today,of twain s novels, adventures ofhuckleberry finn. only a few books have been kicked off the shelves a

4、s often as huckleberry finn, twain s mostwidely read tale. once upon a time, people hated the book because it struckthem as rude.twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel“and suitable only for the slums(貧民窟 ). ” more recently the book has been attacked becauseofthe char

5、acter jim, the escaped slave, and many occurrences of the word nigger. (the term nigger jim, for which the novel is often severely criticized, never appears in it. )but the attacks were and are silly and miss the point. the novel is strongly anti-slavery. jim s search through the slave states for th

6、e family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic. as j. chadwick has pointed out, the character of jim was a first in american fictiona recognition that the slave had two personalities,“ thevoice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual: jim, the father and th

7、e man”.there is much more.twain s mystery novel pudd head wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day. written at a time when the accepted wisdomheld negroes to be inferior(低等的 )to whites, especially in intelligence, twain s tale centered inpart around t

8、wo babies switched at birth.a slave gave birth to her master, sforbabyfear andthatthe child should be sold south,switched him for the master s baby by.thehis wifeslave slight-skinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of1名校名 推薦 the slave-holding class.t

9、he master s wife s baby was taken for black andup grewwith the attitudes and intonations of the slave.the point was difficult to miss:nurture(養(yǎng)育 ), not nature, was the key to social status. thefeatures of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudicemanner of speech, forexamplewere, to twain, i

10、ndicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced onits victims.twain s racial tone was not perfect.one is left uneasy, for example, by the lengthy passagein his autobiography(自傳 )about how much he loved what were called“ niggerinhishows”youthmostly with white men performing in bl

11、ack-face and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them. yet there is no reason to think twain saw the shows as representing reality. his frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.was twain a racist?asking the question in the 21st century is as wi

12、se as asking the same oflincoln. if we read the words and attitudes of the past through the“ wisdom” of the conmoral judgments of the present, we will find nothing but error. lincoln, who believed the black man the inferior of the white, fought and won a war to free him. and twain, raised in a slave

13、 state, briefly a soldier, and inventor of jim, may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.1.how do twain s novels on slavery differ from stowe s?a. twain was more willing to deal with racism.b. twain

14、s attack on racism was much less open.c. twain s themes seemed to agree with plots.d. twain was openly concerned with racism.2.recent criticism of adventures of huckleberry finn arose partly from its.a. target readers at the bottomb. anti-slavery attitudec. rather impolite languaged. frequent use of

15、“ nigger”3. what best proves twain -slaveryanti stand according to the author?a. jim s search for his family was described in detail.b. the slave s voice was first heard in american novels.c. jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.d. twain suspected that the slaves were less intell

16、igent.2名校名 推薦 4. the story of two babies switched mainly indicates that.a. slaves were forced to give up their babies to their mastersb. slaves babies could pick up slave-holders aywof speakingc. blacks social position was shaped by how they were brought upd. blacks were born with certain features o

17、f prejudice5. what does the underlined word“ they ” in paragraph 7 refer to?a. the attacks.b. slavery and prejudice.c. white men.d. the shows.6. what does the author mainly argue for?a. twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.b. twain was an admirable figure comparable to

18、abraham lincoln.c. twain s works had been banned on unreasonableoundsgr.d. twain s works should be read from a historical point of view. .任務型閱讀it is now mandatory(強制的 )for drivers or passengers to wear seat belts while in a car in all states. in addition, it is also mandatory for kids to be in some

19、kind of specialized car seat. giventhe strict requirements in other vehicles, why don t buses have seat belts?the main answer, at least for school buses, is that seat belts do not make school buses safer. overall, traveling on school buses is the safest way to travel40 times safer than riding in aca

20、rwith only a handful of deaths occurring to passengers on school buses every year. the seats on the school bus are placed very close to each other and have high backs that are thickly padded. as a result, in an accident the students would be propelled forward a very short distance into a padded seat

21、 back that in a way is like an airbag. in addition, the fact that people sit high off the ground on school buses also makes it safer to travel on them.while school buses feature high backed seats and elevated seating locations, the same cannotbe said of city buses. however, from a practical angle, t

22、here s little need to require seatcity buses. although the design of the modern low-floor city bus is less safe than the design of school buses, the fact that city buses rarely travel at speeds greater than 35 miles per hour means that any collision is likely to be small. also, given that most trips

23、 on city buses are short and that3名校名 推薦 many trips have standing passengers, the presence of seat belts will make even less of a difference.another answer why buses do not have seat belts is cost. it is estimated that adding seat belts to buses would add between $8,000 and $15,000 to the cost of ea

24、ch bus. in addition, seat belts would take up room currently used as seats, meaning that each bus would have fewer seating places. the additional room in the bus taken up by seat belts would mean that bus fleets would have to increase by as much as 15% just to carry the same number of people. such a

25、n increase would be especially difficult in cities that experience overcrowding on their vehicles.regardless of whether their passengers have seat belts, all buses provide seat belts for drivers and most bus companies make their drivers wear seat belts in order not to be influenced by a collision.wh

26、y don t buses have seat belts?everyone is7to wear their seat belts in a car while no seat belts are providedtopicfor passengers on buses.school buses: seat belts make no9in improving the safety of the school bus. traveling on school buses is safe thanks to their seats with high padded backs,which ca

27、n 10 the students from danger because they are propelled forward into them in a collision. sitting high off the ground on school buses also 11to the safety.city buses:8 their low traveling speed reduces the risk of a collision. city buses tend to travel a short 12. many passengers stand while on a c

28、ity bus, making seat belts13. fixing seat belts on buses can14in an increase in cost. seat belts can also limit the number of seating places by15room on a bus. as a result, an increasing number of bus fleets are required to carry the same number of people.the ruleall buses provide seat belts for dri

29、vers, who should wear seat belts to 16the4名校名 推薦 impact of a collision.參考答案及全解全析i. 閱讀理解 語篇解讀 被譽為美國小說創(chuàng)始人的馬克吐溫 , 因為抨擊種族歧視、喚起民眾良知而深受贊譽。1. b 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二至四句可知 , stowe 的小說正面抨擊奴隸制問題。 馬克 吐溫則通過故事層面來抨擊奴隸制和種族歧視。由此可見馬克 吐溫對種族歧視的抨擊不那么公開。故答案為 b 項。2. d 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知 , 小說 adventures of huckleberry finn 最近引發(fā)批評主

30、要是因為 nigger(黑鬼 )一詞出現(xiàn)太頻繁了。故答案為 d 項。3. c 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段 , 美國小說人物 jim 是公認的具有雙重性格的奴隸 :在白人文化氛圍中長大 , 并且為人父。這點與馬克 吐溫的反奴隸立場相似 , 故答案為 c 項。4. c 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段第一句可知 , 社會地位的關鍵是養(yǎng)育的環(huán)境 , 而不是與生俱來的。由此推斷 , 兩個嬰兒互換的故事主要說明黑人是通過他們被養(yǎng)育的方式來形成其社會地位的。5. d 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第七段倒數(shù)兩句可知 , 沒有理由認為馬克 吐溫把這些戲劇看做是代表現(xiàn)實的 , 而他頻繁地抨擊奴隸制和偏見表明他清醒的意識 , 但這些戲劇并

31、無法取代現(xiàn)實。故 they 指代上文的 the shows。6. a 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句可知 , 在抨擊種族歧視和喚起人們的良知方面 , 馬克 吐溫比上一世紀的其他小說家做得更多。故選 a 。 .任務型閱讀 語篇解讀 本文解釋了校車和公共汽車不配帶安全帶的原因 ,如:校車上的座椅具有安全氣囊的作用 ,公共汽車安裝安全帶費用太高 ,并且公共汽車行程短 ,乘客好多都是站著的 ,沒有必要安裝安全帶。5名校名 推薦 7.required考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段首句“ it is now mandatory(強制的 )for drivers orpassengers to wear seat

32、belts while in a car in all states可.知 ,每個人在汽車上”都需要系安全帶 ,require 與主語 everyone 之間是被動關系。故填 required。8.reasons 考查邏輯推斷。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“ why don t buses have seat belts可知 ,”下文要講述公共汽車上沒有安全帶的原因。由topic 與 the rule 可推斷 ,首字母大寫 ,故填reasons。9.difference 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段首句 “ the main answer, at least for school buses, is t

33、hat seat belts do not make school buses safer可.知 ,在公共汽”車上 ,至少在校車上 ,安全帶并沒有使校車更安全 ,故可推斷出安全帶對提高校車的安全性不起作用。 make no difference 沒“有影響 ;不起作用 ”。故填 tect 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的 “ the seats on the school bus are placed very close to each other and have high backs that are thickly padded. as a result, in an accident the students would be propelled forward a very short distance into a padded seat back that in a way is like an airb