形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級.ppt

1、形容詞和副詞的 比較級和最高級,Grammar,Do you know: adj. adv,形容詞,副詞,形容詞：是修飾名詞（人或事物），表示名 詞的性質(zhì)，特征或?qū)傩砸环N詞類。 它在句中作定語、表語和賓語補足語,副詞：用來修飾動詞、形容詞及其他副詞 的詞叫副詞。副詞在句中多作狀語,一、形容詞和副詞的概念,形容詞作定語一般放在被修飾 的名詞之前。 如: a new book, two big trees 等,二、形容詞和副詞的用法,形容詞放在系動詞be 、look、 get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、 grow、 smell等之后。 如:1.I am short. 2

2、.She looks fine. 3.They turn green,如果形容詞修飾不定代詞something, anything, everything, nothing等時，要放在不定代詞后面。 如:something interesting nothing new,副詞放在所修飾的動詞之后、形容詞和副 詞之前。如果前面是行為動詞，則后面用副詞。 如: 1.She works hard .（修飾動詞） 2.I am very busy.（修飾形容詞） 3.He runs too quickly .（修飾副詞） 4.We play happily. （修飾動詞,通常在形容詞后加-ly變成副詞

3、,slow _ real _ usual _ careful_ easy _ happy _ heavy _ angry _,slowly,usually,easily,heavily,really,carefully,happily,angrily,fast,faster,fastest,比較圖片，嘗試用一個adj.來描繪圖片中 事物的特性,big,bigger,biggest,250,000 RMB,50,000 RMB,the most expensive,more expensive,expensive,500 RMB,形容詞和副詞有三個等級： 原級、比較級、最高級 1.原級：即形容詞

4、和副詞的原形。 small, good, pretty, big, many hard, happily, slowly, quickly 程度副詞very, too, so, quite等修飾形容詞 和副詞的原級。 如：very tall、 too hot、 so cold quite interesting run quickly,三、形容詞和副詞的級,as as , (與一樣） 表示兩者（A與B）在某一方面相同. 句型： A + 謂語 + as + 形容詞或副詞的原形 + as+ B. not as（so)as（與不一樣） 表示兩者（A與B）在某一方面A不如B時 句型： A + 謂語+

5、not as / so + 形容詞或副詞的原形 + as+ B. The story is as interesting as that one. The question is not as / so difficult as that one,2.比較級： 形容詞和副詞的比較級表示兩個人或事物在進行比較時，一者比另一者較/更。 常用句型： A + 謂語 + 形容詞或副詞的比較級 + than + B. 標志詞：than (比） 構(gòu)成：單音節(jié)詞通常是-er結(jié)尾； 多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞通常在之前加more. 如:smaller, better, taller, older, harder mo

6、re interesting , more quickly,3.最高級： 形容詞和副詞的最高級常用來表示三者或三者以上人或物的比較。形容詞最高級前必須加定冠詞the, 而副詞的最高級前可以不加定冠詞the。但是當形容詞的最高級前已經(jīng)有了作定語用的形容詞性的物主代詞或名詞所有格時，不在加the。后面可帶 of ( in )短語來說明比較的范圍。 標志詞：in+大范圍, of all, of +the+具體的數(shù)字 表示“最”的意思。（三者或以上用最高級） 構(gòu)成： 單音節(jié)詞通常是-est結(jié)尾；多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞通常在之前加most. 如 ：smallest, tallest, newest, be

7、st most interesting, most difficultly,short,shorter,small,smaller,nice,nicer,safe,safer,big,thin,heavy,heavier,happy,happier,找規(guī)律,big,bigger,thin,thinner,形容詞比較級的構(gòu)成,delicious more delicious interesting more interesting important more important carefully-more carefully quickly-more quickly slowly-more

8、slowly easily- more easily,找規(guī)律,形容詞最高級的構(gòu)成,tall,taller,tallest,B: heavy easy tidy dry busy happy healthy hungry early,y - i- est,C: large late nice,st,biggest,D: big,hot,hottest,thin “雙寫,thinnest,wet,wettest,fat,fattest,單音節(jié)和少數(shù)多音節(jié)的形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級 的構(gòu)成分規(guī)則和不規(guī)則。變化如下,不規(guī)則變化，要多加注意哦,good/ well bad/ badly many/

9、much little far,better,best,worse,worst,more,most,farther,less,least,farthest,further,furthest,1. good 2. comfortable 3. big 4. happy 5. cheap 6. many 7. difficult 8. little,better best more comfortable most comfortable bigger biggest happier happiest cheaper cheapest more most more difficult most d

10、ifficult less least,給出下列詞語的比較級和最高級,Practice,3、形容詞比較級的用法: （1）兩者（A與B）進行比較， “A比B較/更”。 A + 謂語 + 形容詞或副詞的比較級 + than + B. eg: Tom 比 Sam 高。 Tom is taller than Sam. Tom 比 Sam 跑得快。 Tom runs faster than Sam. 英語比數(shù)學重要。 English is more important than math. Lucy 比Lily 學習好。 Lucy studies better than Lily,2）兩者（A與B）進行

11、比較，“A比B大/長/高” A+謂語+數(shù)量詞+形容詞或副詞的比較級+than+ B eg: Tom比Sam大兩歲。 Tom is two years older than Sam. （3）兩者（A與B）進行比較，“哪一個更/較” Which/Who 謂語 + 比較級, A or B ? eg:數(shù)學和英語哪一科較簡單？ Which is easier, math or English,4）兩者（A與B）進行比較，“其中A是兩者中較” A+謂語 + the +比較級 + of the two. eg：Tom is the taller of the two boys. 湯姆是這兩個男孩中最高的 .

12、 （5）比較級+ and + 比較級， 表示 “越來越” eg： shorter and shorter 越來越短 longer and longer 越來越長 more and more beautiful 越來越漂亮 more and more interesting越來越有趣,6）The + 比較級，the + 比較級 “越，就越” eg：越多越好。 The more , the better. 你吃的越多，你就越胖。 The more you eat, the fatter you will become. （7）用形容詞的比較級來表達最高級的概念 A+謂語+比較級+than any

13、(other) +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+范圍 “A是中最的”或“A比(其他)任何都” 注：當A在范圍內(nèi)比較時，必須加other;當 A不在范圍內(nèi)比較時，去掉other. eg：上海比中國其他的任何一個城市都大 Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比日本的任何一個城市都大 Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan,8）修飾比較級的詞 much(的多)、far (的多)、 a lot(的多)、even(更)、still（仍然）、 any (任何) a bit(一點兒) a little (一點兒)

14、eg: This city is much more beautiful than that one.這座城市比那座城市漂亮的多。 Today is even hotter than yesterday. She drives still more carefully than her husband. 她開車仍然比她丈夫認真,9.表示“是的幾倍”，用“倍數(shù)+as+原級+as”結(jié)構(gòu)，或者“倍數(shù)+比較級+than”結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: This classroom is three times as big as that one. This classroom is twice bigger tha

15、n that one,10. 表示不及另一方時，用“l(fā)ess+原級+than” (雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞,He is healthier than she,She is less healthy than he,一者比較用原級，比較級限二者比， 三者三者往上比，最高級的用法起； 若甲乙程度相同，asas 結(jié)構(gòu)體； 若甲某方面不及乙， not so/asas來擔起； 中間形、副連接要切記,Remember,形容詞最高級的用法: 1、主語+謂語+the +形容詞或副詞的最高級 +of/in短語。表示“主語是中最的”。 My mother is the busiest in my family. 我媽媽是

16、家中最忙的。 I jump (the) farthest in my class. 我是我們班跳得最遠的。 Tom is the tallest of all the students. Tom是所有學生中最高的,2、one of the+形容詞最高級+cn.復數(shù) “最之一”。 Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. 北京是中國最大城市之一。 3、the + 序數(shù)詞 + 形容詞最高級 + 名詞 表示“第幾大長高” The Yellow River the second longest river in China黃河是中國第二長河,4、Wh

17、ich/Who +謂語+ the+形容詞或副詞最高級, A ,B or C ? 表示“三者中哪一個更、最” Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ? 月球、地球和太陽哪一個更大,注意,1.The new building is higher than the old one,Those apples are bigger than these ones,2.His shirt is more expensive than mine,如果主語是物主代詞+名詞，那么后面要用 名詞性物主代詞,比較級必須在同類中進行，即人與人比，

18、物與物比，而且比較結(jié)構(gòu)前后的詞語要對稱， 特別注意在than或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出現(xiàn) 的替代詞 that ，those, one ,ones,注意,3.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. She is five years older than I am,I drink more tea than he (does,than前后句子的時態(tài)相同。通常用be動詞 情態(tài)動詞can, may, must, could, should和助動 詞do, does ,did, will，have等來簡答,4.I have more pens than you (d

19、o,many, much, little, few等詞必須帶名詞,注意,5.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world,one of+ the+最高級+復數(shù)名詞,Which/Who+ 比較級，A or B? Which/Who+ 最高級，A ，B or C,6.Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom,Which language is _ , English, French or Chinese? A. difficult B. mo

20、re difficult C. the most difficult,C,注意,7. Mary is the tallest of all the sisters in the family,在使用形容詞最高級時，一定要把自己包括在比較的范圍內(nèi),8.This is the third largest city in China,當表示“第二，第三”等意思時，經(jīng)常在最高 級的前面加second, third,等詞,9.Its our largest machine in our factory,當最高級前有物主代詞修飾時，其前不加 定冠詞the,1. Paul is very _ . He is

21、 _ than his brother . A. heavy - heavierB. heavy - heavy C. heavier - heavier D. heavy-heavyer 2. It has the _ clothing store in the town. A. goodest B. gooddest C. best D. better 3. This ruler is _ than that one. A. long B. longer C. the longest D. longest 4. This book is _ of all. A. cheapest B. c

22、heap D. cheaper D. the cheapest 5. He is much _ than his brother. A. taller B. tall C. the tallest D. tallest 6. Li Lei is _ older than Lucy. A. quite B. very C. much D. more,一. 單選,Exercise,7. This is one of _ films of this year. A. more exciting B. exciting C. the most exciting D. most exciting 8.

23、The weather in Beijing is colder than_. A. in Guangzhou B. Guangzhou C. that in Guangzhou D. that from Guangzhou 9. Tom is _ of the two boys. A. taller B. tallest C. the taller D. the tallest 10. Of my parents, my father looks_. A. old B. older C. the oldest D. the older 11. This watch is _ than that one. A. much expensive B. expensiver C. more expensiver D. more expensive,二. 填空,1. Lily gets up _ (early) than Lucy. 2. Which goes _ (slowly), Tom or Jim? 3.This book is _ (interesting) than one,earlier,more slowly,more interesting,4.