大學(xué)英語綜合教程教案

1、Book One Unit OneNew Words and Expressions in Text A:1. off and on (or on and off): from time to time; sometimes; now and again; irregularly 斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地；有時-It has been raining on and off for a week. Thats why the clothes feel damp (潮濕的).-As her patient slept soundly during the night, Nurse Betty was able

2、to doze(瞌睡, 假寐) off and on in a bedside chair.2. possibility: n. 1) (u) 可能（性） state of being possible; (degree of) likelihood (usu. followed by that-clause or of)-Is there any/much possibility of life on Mars?-I admit the possibility of your being right. (承認(rèn)你可能是對的 2) (c) sth. that is possible (usu.

3、followed by that- clause or of) 可能的事；可能發(fā)生的事-They havent arrived. There is a possibility that they have taken the wrong road.-I see great possibilities of success in this scheme (plan). 3. take hold: become established 生根，確立-The idea of one child only has taken hold in many Chinese families.-Old habi

4、ts die hard. Thats why you should stop smoking before the habit takes hold.-take hold of :抓住; 吸引住-The boy took hold of the ladder, and began to climb.-The music took hold of her slowly.4. bore: I) vt. (+sb.) make (sb.) become tired and lose interest 使（人）厭煩-The speaker went on and on, and the audienc

5、e grew bored by his speech.-Tom Sawyer grew bored with painting the garden fence, so he thought of a way to make others paint for him. bore sb. to death/tears: bore sb. intensely 煩死了某人 II) n.(c ) person or thing that bores 令人生厭的人或事物boring: a. bored: a. -be bored with/ by (不能接at)boredom: n. (u) state

6、 of being bored5. associate: 1) vt. (+A with B) join or connect together; connect or bring in the mind 使聯(lián)系起來；聯(lián)想-We associate Egypt with pyramids.-I cant associate this gentle young woman with the radical political essays she has written. be associated with 2) vi. (+with sb.) be often in the company

7、of 與常在一起；結(jié)交；與為友-Dont associate with dishonest boys.6. assignment: n. (u.) assigning 分配 ( c.) a piece of work that is given to a particular person (分配的）工作，任務(wù)，作業(yè) (注：assign在“9.”)7. turn out: 1) (+sth./sb.) produce 編寫; 生產(chǎn), 制造; 造就-New computers are soon outdated since newer models are turned out constant

8、ly.-American film studios turn out hundreds of films every year.-The school has turned out some first-rate scholars. (該校已造就出多位一流的學(xué)者) 2) (+a., ad., to be, that-clause) prove to be; be in the end 證明是，結(jié)果是-The day turned out wet/fine. 那天竟然下雨了/那天天氣好。-It turns out that this method does not work well. 3) (

9、不及物)assemble for some event, or for duty (人群）出來（參加某活動）；為某事件或職責(zé)而集合；出動 -Everybody turned out to watch the procession.-The whole town turned out to welcome the soccer star. 4) (及物)extinguish by turning a tap, switch, etc. 關(guān)掉（電燈或煤氣）-turn out the light/gas 5) (及物)empty (a drawer, ones pockets, a room, wh

10、en looking for sth., when leaning sth. 把里面的東西都拿出來/倒出來 -turn out the desk/drawers/pockets 6) (及物,常用被動) (of a person, equipment, etc) dressed, equipped, 打扮，穿著-She always turns her children out well.-She is always well/beautifully turned out.-a well-turned out young man穿著良好的年輕人8. agony: n. (u., c.) ver

11、y great pain or suffering of mind or body（身心的）極度痛苦 -She was in agony/agonies at her childs sufferings她因?yàn)楹⒆?受苦而痛苦 -Ive suffered agonies/ have been in agonies with toothache. 我受到牙痛之苦。 -He was in an agony of sadness.他處于悲傷的痛苦中。9. assign: vt. 1)（+sth. to sb.） give as a share or duty; give for use or enjo

12、yment, or as a share or part in a distribution, eg. of work, duty: 分配，分派(工作、任務(wù)等給某人); 交給 -assign this problem/work/task to a commission -Those rooms have been assigned to us. 2) (+sth.; +sb. sth.) 布置作業(yè) -The teacher assigned the next tem problems for homework. -He assigned the students a few books to

13、read. 3)（+sb. to sth./to do sth.）appoint; name指派；選派 -I assigned you to wash the plates. -Two pupils were assigned to sweep the classroom. 4) (+sth.) 指定-Lets assign a day for the next meeting. （注：assignment 在“6.”）10. anticipate: vt. (+sth./gerund/that-clause) expect 預(yù)期，期望 (“Expect” is the more used w

14、ord. “expect”更常用)-The police had anticipated trouble from the soccer fans and were at the ground (此處指at the soccer ground) in large numbers.-They anticipate that deaths from AIDS will have doubled by 2002.-We anticipate running into problems in carrying out the medical welfare reform.11. tedious: a.

15、 boring and lasting for a long time乏味的，冗長的, 沉悶的-a tedious movie/ lecturer (演說者)/ work-Laura found George to be tedious and decided not to see him any more.12. reputation: n. (u., c.) (an) opinion (about sb. or sth.) held by others名聲，名譽(yù) -a man of high reputation 名聲很好的人-have a reputation for courage 以

16、勇敢著稱-make a reputation for oneself 為自己博得名聲-have the reputation of being a miser 有守財奴之稱-Premier Zhu Rongji has a high reputation as a statesman in the world.-Jim Kerry (注：an American film star, whose masterpiece is The Mask) has quite a reputation for being comic (幽默的，詼諧的). live up to ones reputation

17、: live in the way the people expect (because of ones reputation) 行為與聲望相符，不負(fù)眾望13. inability: n. lack of power, skill or ability 無能，無力14. inspire: 1) vt. (+sth. (in sb.); +sb. (with sth./ to do sth./to sth./for sth.) ) fill (sb.) with confidence, eagerness, etc.; put uplifting thoughts, feelings or ai

18、ms into激勵, 鼓舞, 激起, 引起-He inspired confidence/ enthusiasm/ love/ respect/ hate/ dislike in me.-The last leaf on the tree that never fell off inspired the dying patient with the will to live on.-He inspired me with distrust/ disgust/ hope/ respect. -Martin Luther King, Jr.(注：his famous speech, I Have

19、Dream, delivered on August 28, 1965) s speeches inspired people to fight for equal treatment of African Americans.-You inspire me to greater efforts.-Success inspires us for fresh efforts.2) vt. (+sb./sth.) fill with creative power 使充滿創(chuàng)力，予以靈感-an inspired artist/ poet-in an inspired moment 在有靈感的時刻-Hi

20、s wife inspired his first novel.-He inspired hate/dislike/confidence/enthusiasm in me. inspiration: n. 1) (u) influence(s) arousing creative activity in literature, music, art, etc 靈感 2) (c) +(to/for) person or thing that inspires 激勵或鼓舞人的人或物-His wife was a constant inspiration to him.他的妻子經(jīng)常鼓勵他。 15.

21、formal: a. (too) serious and careful in manner and behavior; based on correct or accepted rules 刻板的，拘謹(jǐn)?shù)模徽降?，正?guī)的-antonym: informal16. rigid: a.1) (often disapproving) fixed in behavior, views or methods; not changing; not to be changed一成不變的; 刻板的 -If he had been a little less rigid about things, his d

22、aughter would not have left home at such a young age.-The rigid headmaster would button up (扣住, 守口如瓶) his clothes even on the hottest days.-practise rigid economy厲行節(jié)約 2) (often disapproving)strict嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)格的，沒有靈活性的-In our home, its a rigid rule to wash ones hands before eating.-You are too rigid. You mu

23、st learn to compromise. 3) stiff; unbending; that cannot be bent 僵硬的；筆直的；不能彎曲的-Hold up your arm rigid.-Dont be so rigidrelax.17. hopelessly: ad. very much; without hope 十分, 極度; 絕望地 18. excessively: ad. 過分地19. out of date: old-fashioned 過時的 be/ go out of date-New words are constantly added to our voc

24、abulary while some old words go out of date.-Although her clothes were out of date, the old woman appeared clean and dignified. be up to date:be modern; be up to the present time時新的，流行的，跟上時代的 bring sth. up to date: make sth. modern; bring sth. up to the present time使時新的，流行的，使跟上時代的 to date: 到目前為止-To

25、date 20 students have been accepted into the school.20. prim: a. (usu. disapproving ) (of a person) too formal or correct in behavior and showing a dislike of anything rude; neat 古板的，拘謹(jǐn)?shù)?；循?guī)蹈矩的21. primly: ad.22. severe: a. 1) completely plain; 樸素的；沒有修飾的；毫無裝飾的-The widow wore a severe black dress to he

26、r husbands funeral.-Earnest Hemingway (注：He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in1954 for his novel the Old Man and the Sea) is known for his severe writing style.2) (of the weather, attack of disease, etc.) rigorous; violent (指天氣、疾病的發(fā)作)嚴(yán)重的, 劇烈的-a severe storm 強(qiáng)烈的暴風(fēng)雨-The severe chest pain ex

27、perienced by the Vice-President proved to be a heart attack. 3) making great demands on skill, ability, patience and other qualities 艱難的，激烈的-A factory must turn out newer and better products to win in the climate of severe business competition.-The pace was too severe to be kept up for long. (速度太快，無

28、法持久。) 4) (+with/on sb.)stern, strict 嚴(yán)格的, 嚴(yán)厲的-Only those who have undergone severe training can be accepted into the air force.-Fu Lei was so severe with his son that even his wife would cry. -be severe on the pupils23. necktie: n. tie 領(lǐng)帶23. jaw: n. 1) either of the bone structures containing the te

29、eth顎 - the upper/ the lower jaw （上、下顎） 2) (pl.) framework of the mouth, including the teeth (復(fù)數(shù))頜（he）; (sing) lower part of the face （單數(shù)）下巴-a man with a strong jaw （下巴大的人） 3) (pl.) narrow mouth of a valley, channel, etc. （復(fù)數(shù)）山谷、水道等的狹窄入口 into/ out of the jaws of death: (fig.) into/ out of great dange

30、r 進(jìn)入/脫離險境 4) (pl.) parts of a tool, machine, etc, eg. a vice, between which things are gripped or crushed (復(fù)數(shù)) 工具，機(jī)器等鉗夾部分 25. comic: I) a. 1) causing people to laugh滑稽的； 2) of comedy喜劇的 II) n. 1) (US =comic book連環(huán)漫畫（冊） 2) music-hall comedian 雜耍戲院的滑稽演員comedy -comedian (滑稽演員)-tragic -tragedy -tragedia

31、n26. antique: I) n. (c) material (eg. a piece of furniture, a work of art ) of a past period (in GB at least 50 years old, in US 100 years ) 古物，古玩 II) a. belonging to the distant art; existing since old times; in the style of past times 古代的,古風(fēng)的27. tackle: vt. try to deal with 處理，應(yīng)付-Toshiba (東芝) rece

32、ntly designed a robot that can tackle almost any kinds of housework.-The classroom was quiet as students were busy tackling the final exam.-deal with -code with28. essay: n. (c) piece of writing, usu. short and in prose (u., 散文) on any one subject散文，小品文；論說文, 短論29. distribute: vt.(+to/ among) divide

33、and give out among people, places, etc. 分發(fā)，分配，分送-The firm distributed its profits among its workers.(將利潤分給工人)-distribution: (u), (c)30. finally: ad. at last 最終，終于(usu. used in the following situations: indicating that sth. is the last one in a series of things or events; introducing a final point, a

34、sking a final question, or mentioning a final item; when sth. happens that you have been waiting for a long time, you can say that it finally happens)-Mr. Smith lived in Turkey, France, and Norway before finally settling in Mexico.-Finally he came to realize his mistake and apologized to parents.-Af

35、ter years of war the two countries finally signed a peace agreement.31. face up to: be brave enough to accept or deal with (a problem or difficulty)勇敢地接受或?qū)Ω?Yeltsin faced up to the fact that he was no longer fit for the Russian presidency and resigned on New Years Eve.-Now that your daughter is born

36、, youll have to face up to the responsibilities of being a father.32. scan: v. look through quickly 瀏覽，粗略地看(Scanning is defined as the ability to locate specific information or facts as rapidly as possible. 盡可能地找出具體的信息或事實(shí))-The banker scanned the financial section of a dozen newspapers over breakfast

37、.-Scan the table (表格) of contents and tell me how many chapters are on child development.-skim: v. +(through) sth., read quickly, noting only the chief poin略讀，快讀 (Skimming is defined as the ability to identify main ideas while rapidly discarding ( 略去，省去) minor points. 常指在快速閱讀中，找出主題而略去其他次要部分)33. spag

38、hetti: n. 意大利式細(xì)面條34. title: I) n. 1) (c) a name given to a book, film, poet, picture, etc. 標(biāo)題，題目，名稱 (指書畫、戲劇、樂曲的名稱)-headline: (c)newspaper heading; line at the top of a page containing title, etc; (pl.) summary of broadcast news 報紙報道的標(biāo)題; (復(fù)數(shù)) 新聞廣播提要 2) (c) word used to show a persons rank, occupation

39、, status, etc, eg. Lord, Prince, Professor, Dr. 稱號，頭銜（如勛爵，王子，教授，博士等） 3) (c., u.) (+to sth./ to do sth.), (legal) right or claim, esp. right to the possession of a position, property (法)權(quán)益，權(quán)利（尤指對某地位和財產(chǎn)所保有的權(quán)利）-the title to the land/ the throne (有權(quán)繼承王位) II）vt. 1) give a name to 給加標(biāo)題，加題目于 2) 授予某稱號，用某頭銜稱

40、呼-entitle: vt. 與title (vt.)用法同35. extraordinary: a. very unusual or strange 不同尋常的；奇特的36. sequence: n. (c)connected line of events, ideas, etc.一連串相關(guān)的事物；次序，順序，系列 (u) succession 繼續(xù)，連續(xù)-A sequence of bad harvests forced some African countries to ask for foreign aid.-The Fall of the Roman Empire was writt

41、en in historical sequence. （按歷史的次序）sequent: (formal) following in order or time; resulting 繼續(xù)的，連續(xù)的，結(jié)果的37. image: n. (c) a picture formed in the mind 形象, 印象, (圖)像-Many pop stars try to improve their public image by participating in charity events.-Through months of letter writing John formed an image

42、 of his pen pal (筆友). 38. adult: n. a fully grown person or animal 成年人；成年動物 39. humor: n. 1) (u) (可加不定冠詞)心情, 情緒-be in a good/ bad humor-be in ill humor-be in no humor to do sth.-be out of humor 情緒不好-good-/bad-/ill-humored 2) (u) 幽默(感)，詼諧humorous-humorist40. recall: vt. bring back to the mind; rememb

43、er （usu. followed by noun/gerund, or that-clause） 回想起，回憶起-I recognize the face but cant recall her name.-I dont recall ever meeting her.-She recalled that she had to see the doctor again that afternoon.-recall sth. to sb. 使回想起-remind sb. of sth. 使回想起41. argument: n. 1) (c) (+with sb.) (+about/ over)

44、 disagreement, quarrel 意見不合，爭論，爭吵-The bride and her mother got into an argument about whether to wear white or red on her wedding day.-Mary found that compromise was always the best policy when she had an argument with her husband. 2) (u) reasoned discussion 討論，辯論-It is beyond argument that . 是無可爭辯的

45、-be in (an) argument with sb. 3) (c) (+for/ against) instance of reasoned discussion 論據(jù)，論點(diǎn)-an argument for not gambling41. respectable: a. 1) (of clothes, behavior, appearance, etc.) socially acceptable體面的；文雅的; (of persons) of good character and good social position; having the qualities associated

46、with such social position；deserving respect (人)品格高尚而有社會地位的，平行端正的，有身份的，值得尊敬的 2) of some size, merit, importance, etc. 相當(dāng)大的，相當(dāng)優(yōu)秀的，相當(dāng)重要的-He has quite respectable talents. 很有才干-He earns a respectable income. 他收入可觀-respectful: (+to) showing respect 表示尊敬的, 有禮貌的-respective: for, belonging to ,each of those

47、 in question 各個的，各自的-The three men were given work according to their respective abilities. 按各自的才能被分配了工作。43. put down: 1) (+sth.) write down; make a note of 寫下-Whats the use of a password to your computer if you put down on a piece of paper stuck to the computer screen?-The housekeeper put down the

48、daily expenses in a little notebook. 2) (及物或不及物) land (使)著陸 3) (+sth.) set or place down 放下-Put down that gun! 4) (+sth.) press down 按下，壓下，踩下 5) (+sth.) suppress by force or authority鎮(zhèn)壓，取締，消滅-put down the rebellion/ disturbance/ revolts-put down gambling 6) (+sb.) allow sb. to alight 讓 下車 7) (+sb.)

49、責(zé)難-Youre always putting me down.44. recapture: vt. (lit) bring back into the mind; experience again 再現(xiàn)；再次經(jīng)歷45. relive: vt. experience again, esp. in ones imagination 再體驗(yàn)，重溫46. violate: vt. act against (what ones conscience tells one to do, etc.); break (an oath, a treaty, etc.)違背(良心)，違反(誓言，條約等)-Spee

50、ding in downtown areas violates traffic regulations.-A country isnt respected if it violates an international agreement.violation: (u., c.)47. compose: vt.1) write or create (music, poetry, etc.) 創(chuàng)作-The presidents speech is really brilliant. Do you think it was composed by himself or by someone else

51、?-John Lennon composed the song Beautiful Boy for his son. 2) (of elements) make up, form (指要素)組成, 構(gòu)成-Seven days composes a week. (usu. in the passive) be composed of: be made up of 由組成，由構(gòu)成-A week is composed of seven days.48. turn in: hand in (work that one has done) 交（作業(yè)）-For your final grade, eac

52、h of you must turn in a 7-page paper.-It is said that if a policeman is ordered to turn in his gun, it is meant as a punishment.49. command: I) n. 1) (c) order命令, 指令 (同位語從句要虛擬)-The commander gave the command that all prisoners of war should be well treated.-The rebellious army would not obey any com

53、mand from the President. 2) (u) authority; power (to control) 權(quán)力，統(tǒng)帥權(quán)，指揮權(quán) have/ take command of: have/ take authority 指揮 do sth. at/by sb.s command: on sb.s authority奉之命行事 be at sb.s command: ready to obey sb.s command 愿受某人的指揮，聽某人的吩咐-Im at your command. (= I am ready to obey you.) 3) (u) possession a

54、nd mastery自由使用, 支配 -He has (a) good command of English. (He is able to use it well.) II) 1) vt.(+sb. to do sth.; +that-clause (subjunctive mood) give an order to 命令 -The captain commanded his men to leave the ship immediately.-The king commanded that the victory day become a national holiday. 2) vt.

55、, vi. have authority over; be in control of 統(tǒng)帥，指揮-command the soldiers/ army50. discipline: n.1) (u) punishment 懲罰，處分 2) (u)order kept (among school- children, soldiers, etc.)；紀(jì)律，風(fēng)紀(jì)-The soldiers showed perfect discipline under the fire of the enemy. 在敵人的炮火下，那些戰(zhàn)士表現(xiàn)了良好的紀(jì)律51. whats more: in addition, more importantly 而且，此外；更有甚者-How can you love this man? He watches TV all day long, and whats more, he seems not