(譯林版)2020版高考英語一輪習第1部分：語言知識 必修3 Unit 1　能力提升題組訓練（A）(含解析) .doc

1、必修3Unit 1The world of our senses能力提升題組訓練(A).閱讀理解(2018北京海淀區(qū)高三二模)Why Do People Blink Their Eyes?People blink(眨眼)their eyes tens of thousands of times every day.Scientists have long believed blinking was an involuntary movement and served mainly to keep the eyeballs wet.But a new study sugg

2、ests it has a more important purpose.An international team of scientists from the University of California at Berkeley studied the blinking of human eyelids.The journal Current Biology published their findings.The team said they found that blinking “repositions our eyeballs so we can stay focused” o

3、n what we are seeing.They said that when we blink our eyelids,the eyes roll back into their socketsthe bony area that surrounds and protects the eyes.However,the researchers found the eyes dont always return to the same position.They said this causes the brain to tell the eye muscles to reorganize o

4、ur eyesight.Gerrit Maus is the lead writer of the report.He serves as an assistant professor of psychology at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore.Maus said,“Our eye muscles are quite sluggish(遲緩的)and imprecise,so the brain needs to constantly adapt its motor signals to make sure our eyes a

5、re pointing where theyre supposed to.Our findings suggested that the brain measures the difference in what we see before and after a blink,and commands the eye muscles to make the needed corrections.” The researchers said that without such corrections our surroundings would appear unclear and even j

6、umpy.They said the movement acts “l(fā)ike a steadicam(攝影機穩(wěn)定器)of the mind.”The researchers said they asked volunteers to sit in a dark room while staring at a small dot on a flat surface.They used special cameras to follow the volunteers blinks and eye movements.After each blink,the dot was moved one ce

7、ntimeter to the right.The volunteers did not notice this,but the brain did.It followed the movement and directed the eye muscles to refocus on the dot.After the dot was moved in this way 30 times,the volunteers eyes changed their focus to the place where they predicted it would be.Professor Maus sai

8、d,“Even though participants did not consciously register that the dot had moved,their brains did,and adjusted with the corrective eye movements.These findings add to our understanding of how the brain constantly adapts to changes,commanding our eye muscles to correct for errors in our bodies own har

9、dware.”1.According to the new study,blinking eyes can .A.serve to keep the eyeballs wet B.reposition eyeballs to stay focusedC.consciously correct eye movements D.make our eyes adapt to motor signals2.From the experiment,we can learn that .A.volunteers could see the moving dot with special camerasB.

10、the eyeballs could stay in the place as they were predictedC.participants were aware of the dots movements to the rightD.the brain commanded the eye muscles to refocus on the dot3.The underlined word “register” in Paragraph 5 probably means .A.realize B.refocus C.reserve D.reason4.This passage shows

11、 that .A.eye muscles are quite inactive and impreciseB.the research is of great value in the eye movementC.the brain plays an important role in seeing things clearlyD.volunteers control their blinks to follow the changes of the dot語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文?？茖W家們認為眼球的不斷閃爍有一個更重要的用途讓我們可以保持眼神的集中。答案及剖析:1.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The

12、 team said they found that blinking“ repositions our eyeballs so we can stay focused”on what we are seeing.They said this causes the brain to tell the eye muscles to reorganize our eyesight.可知,眨眼睛是在復位我們的眼球,這樣我們可以專注于我們所看到的。故選B。2.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)After each blink,the dot was moved one centimeter to the right.

13、The volunteers did not notice this,but the brain did.It followed the movement and directed the eye muscles to refocus on the dot.可知,是我們的大腦指揮著眼部肌肉,使得眼球重新聚焦在點上。故選D3.A詞義猜測題。本句句意為“即使參與者沒有意識到點的移動,但是他們的大腦意識到了,并調整矯正眼球隨之運動。”故選A。4.C主旨大意題。由全文內容可知,我們的大腦指揮著眼部肌肉,通過眨眼睛的動作復位我們的眼球,使得眼球重新聚焦在我們看的物體上。所以,大腦在我們看清物體方面起著重

14、要作用。故選C。.七選五(2018安徽合肥聯(lián)考)A new report says plastics are responsible for $13 billion in damage to the oceans and the undersea environment.The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference.1.Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways.2. After a while,

15、it collects in the sea.And plastic never goes away.Plastic is not biodegradabledestroyed by bacteria or natural processes.Instead,it just breaks up into smaller pieces over time.The oceans contain a lot of chemicals and other pollutants(污染物).3. That means harmful material may get into our food suppl

16、y.4. Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it.They can use fewer single-use product containers and throw plastics away correctly. Plastic recycling programs also workwhere old bottles and other plastics are collected,broken down and used to make new products.We could reuse bot

17、tles in our households many times if we wish to,rather than end it after the first use.We could, when we get rid of that plastic,recycle it and reuse it,which replaces the need for raw materials.The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastics.5. And it calls for information

18、about the way plastic is thrown out or removed from use.By putting a new value on plastic,industry has a special reason to clean up the environment.But all of the companies must join to deal with the problem.A.Then,fish may eat the plastics.B.But people can make a big difference.C.Plastics should be

19、 gathered together and reused.D.It is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life.E.It asks for them to better measure and control plastic use.F.The plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters.G.The report tells about harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situation

20、.答案:1-5GFABE.完形填空Where do you go when you want to learn something?School?A friend?A tutor?These are all1places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want 2 somewhere else instead.I had the3of seeing this first hand on a4.My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They did

21、very well this season and so5a tournament,which normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some6experiences on Saturday as they played against teams7trained. Through the first two games,her8did not get one serious shot on goal.As a parent,I9seeing my daughter playing her best,10still

22、defeated.It seemed that something clicked with the11between Saturday and Sunday.When they12for their Sunday game,they were13different.They had begun to integrate(融合)the kinds of play and teamwork they had14the day before into their15.They played aggressively and16scored a goal.It17me that playing ag

23、ainst the other team was a great18moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle.19is the best teacher.The lessons they learned may not be20what they would have gotten in school,but are certainly more personal and meaningful,because they had to work them out on their own.1.A.

24、public B.traditionalC.official D.special2.A.passes B.works C.lies D.ends3.A.dream B.idea C.habit D.chance4.A.trip B.holiday C.weekend D.square5.A.won B.entered C.organized D.watched6.A.painful B.strange C.common D.practical7.A.less B.poorly C.newly D.better8.A.fans B.tutors C.class D.team9.A.imagine

25、dB.hated C.avoided D.missed10.A.if B.or C.but D.as11.A.girls B.parentsC.coaches D.viewers12.A.dressedB.showed upC.made up D.planned13.A.slightlyB.hardlyC.basically D.completely14.A.seen B.known C.heard D.read15.A.styles B.trainingC.game D.rules16.A.even B.still C.seldom D.again17.A.confusedB.struckC

26、.reminded D.warned18.A.touching B.thinking C.encouraging D.learning19.A.Experience B.IndependenceC.Curiosity D.Interest20.A.harmful to B.mixed with C.different fromD.applied to語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。作者的女兒所在的足球隊在和訓練有素的對手比賽時前兩場輸了,但是這些女孩子把比賽的經驗融合到了第二天的比賽中,終于得分了。作者由此得出了“經驗是最好的老師”的結論。答案及剖析:1.B空格前的“School? A frien

27、d? A tutor?”所指的都是傳統(tǒng)的(traditional) 我們可以求教的地方。public公共的; official官方的; special特殊的。2.C根據(jù)空格后面的somewhere else instead可知,該句意思是“但很可能你真正想要學習的卻在(lies)其他某個地方”。pass經過;work工作;end結束。3.D結合空格后面的seeing this first hand可知,作者有機會(chance)親眼看到這樣的事情。dream 夢想;idea想法;habit習慣。4.C根據(jù)下文中的Saturday和between Saturday and Sunday這些信息可

28、知,她們踢球的時間是周末(weekend)。trip旅游,holiday假日,square廣場,均不能在文中找到與之相關的信息。5.B根據(jù)空格后面的a tournament,which normally was only for more skilled club teams可知,一般來說只有技術更好的俱樂部球隊才能參加(entered)錦標賽。win贏;organize組織;watch觀看。6.A結合上下文可知,她們周末對抗的球隊是一些受過更好訓練的強隊,因此這給她們帶來的肯定是一些痛苦的(painful)經歷。strange奇怪的,common普通的,practical實際的,均與語境不符

29、。7.D根據(jù)上文提到的more skilled club teams可知,這些參加錦標賽的球隊都是經過更好(better)訓練的球隊。less更少,poorly糟糕地,二者意思與語境相反;newly最近,新近,與語境不符。8.D由空格所在句中的games(比賽)及shot(射門)可知,此處是指她的球隊(team)表現(xiàn)不佳。fan迷,狂熱愛好者;tutor導師;class班級。9.B根據(jù)下文的playing her best.still defeated可知,作者不愿意(hated)看到女兒盡力踢球但卻仍然被打敗的情景。hate doing sth.厭惡做某事。imagine想象,avoid避免,miss錯過,均與語境不符。10.C根據(jù)前面的playing her best和后面的defeated可知,女兒雖然盡力了,但還是被打敗了。前后是一種轉折關系,故選but。11.A讀文章可知這是一支女子足球隊,因此這里指那些女孩子(girls)。parent父親(或母親);coach教練;viewer觀眾。12.B結合空格后面的for their Sunday game我們知道,這是她們在周日比賽露面(showed up)的時候。dre