情態(tài)動詞 中小學(xué)語法

Summeriscoming.,Abigsuntellmesomewordsaboutit.,hot,sunny,holiday,swim,Ice-cream,skirt,fire,Whatshallwedoifafirehappens?,Discussion,mustormustnt,4.Taketheleft.乘電梯逃離。,5.Jumpoutofthetallbuilding.跳樓.,1.Usewetquiltorclothtoblockthedoor.用濕的被褥或衣服堵住門。,2.Tomakeaquickdeparture，runaway.當機立斷，迅速逃離。,3.Call114.,6.puttingitoutwithafire-extinguisher用滅火器滅火。,7.Findsomeextrawaytogetthemselvesout.多掌握幾條逃生路線。,must,mustnt,must,must,must,mustnt,mustnt,情態(tài)動詞,情態(tài)動詞有時又叫情態(tài)助動詞。情態(tài)動詞本身雖有一定詞義，但不能獨立用作謂語、也沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，其后一定要跟隨動詞原形，共同構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。,MayI?,MayIcomein?,MayIuseyourpen?,Hemusttakesomemedicine.,Mustntswim,Mustnttouch,常用的情態(tài)動詞有哪些？,Can能，會-cant不會Could-couldnt/beabletoMay可能，或許-maynotMight可能（更加委婉）-mightnotMust必須-mustntHaveto不得不-donthavetoNeed需要-neednt,Letsdoit,I()dance.,I()gotoHarfordoneday.,You()turnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheroom,1.TommycandrivethecarRobotcandomanythings.2.Icouldsendcardsbeforehavingthecomputerlessons.(表示過去的一種能力)CouldIsithere?(用于一般疑問句中，語氣更加溫婉)3.beableto可用于各種時態(tài)之中Iwillbeabletoliveonthemoon.Shewasableto(could)finishthehomework.,IwasabletoDisneylastmonth.IwasabletoswimacrosstheGanjiangriverlastsummer.（表示有能力做，并且成功了）ShecouldflyovertheSouthPole.(不一定成功),1.can/could/beableto?,1.can能，會2.could比can更為委婉的語氣；表示過去曾有過的能力；3.was(were)ableto與could的區(qū)別是表示不但有能力，而且成功的做了某事。,Hemaybesick.(生病的可能性較大)Hemightbesick.(生病的可能性較小),(2)may/mightMight比may更委婉,注意：may引導(dǎo)的疑問句，肯定回答用：Yes,youmay.否定回答用：No,youmustnt.(No,youcant或No,youhadbetternot.)表示“千萬不要”，“不可以”，“禁止”的意思。,3.must,havetomust“一定，必須”；haveto不得不”。如果用于過去時或?qū)頃r，要用haveto來代替，但must可用于間接引語，表示過去的必要和義務(wù)。Youmuststopsmoking.你必須把煙戒掉。(強調(diào)主觀意志)Ihavetostopthecarandwaitforthepoliceman.我不得不停車等那個警察。(強調(diào)客觀)Must提問否定回答只能用neednt或者donthaveto,Imuststudyhard.,ihavetostudyhard.,罵你沒媽,Must提問-neednt回答（donthaveto）May提問-mustnt回答（cant）,4.needA作為情態(tài)動詞使用：need沒有時態(tài)與人稱的變化，并且多在否定句，疑問句和條件句中使用，含義為“需要，必須”。Youneednothandintheexercisetoday.你不必今天交作業(yè)。Needwefindtimetogointothequestion?要不要我們找時間把這個問題深入研究一下?,5、情態(tài)動詞表示推測或判斷的用法,Itmusthaverainedlastnight.(對過去的猜測),情態(tài)動詞練習(xí)（1）1.We_forherbecauseshenevercame.A.needntwaitB.shouldnthavewaitedC.mustntwaitD.mustnthavewaited2.Janny_havekeptherword.Iwonderwhyshechangedhermind.A.mustB.shouldC.needD.would3.Itsnearlysevenoclock.Jack_behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can4.WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.They_bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need5Bequick!They_forusatthechurchgaterightnow.A.mustwaitB.musthavewaitedC.mustbewaitingD.oughttowait,6.should，wouldshould表示應(yīng)該做某事或承擔責任、義務(wù)；例如：Youshouldworkhardera