初中英語之感嘆句

模塊十二：感嘆句一、什么叫感嘆句感嘆句是表示喜怒哀樂等強烈感情的句子。感嘆句句末通常用感嘆號，讀時一般用降調(diào)。二、感嘆句的基本句型【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容詞 + 名詞 + 主語 + 謂語！What a clever boy he is! (他是個)多么聰明的男孩啊！What an interesting story it is! (這是個)多么有趣的故事?。hat fine weather it is! 多好的天氣?。hat beautiful flowers they are! (它們是)多么漂亮的花??！【說明】 在感嘆句中，What a / an 常用來修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，若其前面的形容詞為元音開頭，則用 an。what 是用來修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。但有些不可數(shù)名詞，如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等，當(dāng)前面有形容詞修飾，使抽象名詞具體化時，則要用 what a / an，如：What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一場雨??！What a great surprise it is! 這多么令人驚奇啊！What a rich breakfast it is! 多么豐盛的一頓早餐??！【句型二】How + 形容詞 / 副詞 + 主語 + 謂語！How well you look! 你氣色真好!How kind you are! 你心腸真好!How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好聽!Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!How clever the boy is! 這個男孩多么聰明??！How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊！【說明】how還可以修飾動詞構(gòu)成感嘆句，但動詞不提前。如：How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成為一名醫(yī)生?。ow she dances! 她跳得多好??！感嘆句型總結(jié)How +形容詞+ a +名詞+其他成分！How+形容詞或副詞+其他成分！What +名詞+其他成分！What +a+形容詞+名詞+其他成分！What + 形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+其他成分！What + 形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+其他成分！請看以下例子：Its an interesting film. 這是一部有趣的電影。What an interesting film it is! 這是一部多有趣的電影啊！Its wonderful weather. 天氣很好。What wonderful weather! 天氣真好！He did the work carefully. 他做這工作很仔細(xì)。How carefully he did the work! 他做這工作多仔細(xì)?。ime passed quickly. 時間過得很快。How quickly time passed! 時間過得真快【難點】what類感嘆句省略形容詞1. 當(dāng)其中的名詞帶有形容詞的意味時【重點】What luck! 真幸運! What fools! 真是些笨蛋! What a surprise! 真是意想不到! What fun we could have! 我們玩得多開心啊2. 當(dāng)進(jìn)行批評時What nonsense! 一派胡言!What a shame! 多可恥(惜)!What a mess! 多么臟亂啊!3. 當(dāng)表示強調(diào)或夸張時Oh, what a lie! 啊，多大的謊言!What a night! 多糟糕的一個晚上！4. 當(dāng)表示蔑視時What a man he is! 那家伙算什么!注：有時在沒有上下文，意思可能不確定。如：What a day! 看這天氣! (是褒是貶，視具體情況而定) 【難點】how在感嘆句中修飾動詞感嘆句有時可用“how+主語+動詞”構(gòu)成，此是how直接用于修飾動詞。如：How I missed you. 我多么想念你啊。How youve grown! 你都長這么大啦!How youve changed! 你的變化真大! How he wished for a drink! 他多希望能有點東西喝!How things get around! Everyone must know you are in town. 消息傳得多快!人們一定都知道你到城里來了 三、注意 （1）要修飾名詞的形容詞不能是表數(shù)量的many， much， little， few，遇此情況要用how，即使它們后面跟有名詞： How many books he has！ 他的書真多！ How much money he gave her！ 他給了她好多錢呀！ How little money I have！ 我的錢多么少呀！ How few friends he has！ 他的朋友真少！ 比較：What a little box it is！ 多小巧的盒子呀?。ㄔ搇ittle不表示數(shù)量）（2）有時句中的主語和謂語可以省略： How fast！ 多快呀！ How nice！ 多好呀！ How beautiful！ 多美呀！ How nice of you to come！ 你來了真好！ 四. 其他形式的感嘆句 感嘆句除用what和how引出外，還可有其他許多形式，如可用陳述句、疑問句、祈使句等，有時甚至一個單詞或一個短語也可用作感嘆句： Stop talking！ 不要講話了！ Isnt it a lovely day！ 天氣真好！ The garden looks so lovely today！ 這花園今天真美！ Fire！ 失火了！Very good！ 很好!There was no face showing!Hes such a nice boy!The Great Wall is a magnificent building!Isnt it snowing heavily!Wonderful!Nonsense!Happy New Year to you!Cheer! 注意陳述句用作感嘆句時，句中通常有so， such， really等加強語氣的詞語；疑問句用作感嘆句，句子多為否定疑問句形式。五、感嘆句巧解五法 （1）一找二斷三辨四確定：構(gòu)成感嘆句的感嘆詞有兩個：what和how，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：1）What名詞陳述肯定式：2）How形容詞（或副詞）陳述肯定式很多初學(xué)者常常對該用what還是該用how弄不清楚。如：_cold water this is！AHow BWhat_cold it is！AWhat BHow如果我們采取“一找二斷三辨四確定”的方法很快就能確定該選哪個感嘆詞。“一找”即先找出句中的主語。“二斷”就是在句中的名詞（形容詞、副詞等）與代詞（或名詞）之間斷開。例如上面第一句應(yīng)在water與this中斷開（因this是指示代詞），斷開后辨別斷線前面的詞的詞性，也就是所謂“三辨”，句中斷線前的詞是water，而water是名詞。第四步，就可迅速確定如果是名詞就選what。所以第一例句就選B。用這個方法我們會對上面第二個例句作出如下判斷：_coldit is！斷開線其前cold是形容詞，故應(yīng)填How。上面兩個例句是最基本最簡單的填空題形式。但只要掌握這個方法，即使再復(fù)雜的填空題也會迎刃而解。不過還要注意，如果斷開后，斷線前的那個中心詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，千萬別忘了在感嘆詞與名詞間加冠詞a（an）。例如：_nice present it is！AHow BWhatCHow DWhat a用上述方法，從present與it之間斷開，斷線前present是名詞，且為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，nice又以輔音開頭，故選D。（2）“斷找去添改”五步法：若把一個陳述句變?yōu)楦袊@句，可以采取這“五步法”。如：The picture is very beautiful斷：在陳述句中的謂語動詞后將句子斷開：The picture isvery beautiful找：劃出斷線后的中心詞是何詞類。去：中心詞是形容詞或副詞時，要把修飾該形容詞或副詞的詞去掉。（比如本句中心詞beautiful是形容詞，修飾該詞的是very，變時應(yīng)去掉very。但須注意，線后如果是名詞，名詞前的修飾語是萬萬不能去掉的。添：就是添上感嘆詞。如果線后的中心詞是名詞，就添What；是形容詞或副詞就添How。改：將陳述句句前的大寫改為小寫，將變?yōu)楦袊@句的感嘆詞及其修飾的名詞部分放在句首，感嘆詞首寫字母改為大寫。同時句尾的標(biāo)點由陳述句的句號改為感嘆句的感嘆號。據(jù)此，上句就變成了：How beautiful the picture is！再如：要把“He is a good student”變成感嘆句，可如上法炮制：He isa good student中心詞是名詞student，a good為修飾student的修飾語，不能去掉，故變成感嘆句應(yīng)選感嘆詞what，變成：What a good student he is?。?）一斷二加三換位：例：1）This is a beautiful flower2）This flower is beautiful“一斷”：在謂語動詞后將此句劃斷。1）This isa beautiful flower2）This flower isbeautiful“二加”：在第二部分前加引起感嘆句的“What或How”；中心詞為名詞時加“What”；是形容詞、副詞加“How”。1）What a beautiful flower2）How beautiful“三換位”：將第一部分與第二部分對換位置。1）What a beautiful flower this is！2）How beautiful this flower is?。?）句型記憶法：因how和what的詞性及其在句中的功能不同，由它們引起的感嘆句句型可歸納為7種。如果記住這7種句套子，做任何感嘆句題都易如反掌。例：從題前A、B、C、D所表示的詞或短語中選擇正確答案，完成下列各句：A=What B=What a C=What an D=How_pleasant surprise you gave me！_good news we have got！_good a TV set weye bought！_unpleasant experience you had last year！對了，答案依次為BADC。（5）歌訣記憶法：感嘆句中what和how的選用，關(guān)鍵看形容詞后面是否有名詞。如果有，用what（a，an）；如果沒有，用how（至于副詞，其前永遠(yuǎn)用how）。記住下面歌訣更方便。what，how如何選？ 先在后面把名詞找，若有名詞用what， 若無名詞必用how。what，how提句首， 其它緊跟別忘了。主謂一起挪最后, 常常可以被省掉?！净A(chǔ)練習(xí)】一將下列句子變成感嘆句 1. It is quite a nice present. _ _ nice present! 2. We have fine weather today. _ _ weather we have today! 3. Its sunny today. _ _ sunny day it is today! 4. The children are working hard. _ _ the children are working! 5. She played basketball wonderfully. _ _ she played basketball! 6. He is good at singing. _ _ he sings! 7. He was doing well in dancing. _ a _ dancer he was! 8. Tom coughs badly. _ _ _ cough Tom has! 9. The fish is very lovely. _ _ the fish is! 10. They live a happy life today. _ _ _ life they live!二選擇合適選項1. _ a nice watch it is! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a 2. _ bright girls they are! A. What B. What a C. How D. how a 3. _ interesting the film is! A. What B. What an C. How 4. _ sunny day! Lets go out for a walk. A. How a B. How C. What a D. What 5. _ hard work it is! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 6. _ day it is! Its rainy again. A. How bad B. What a bad C. How fine D. What a fine 7. _ great day July 1,1997 will be! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What 8. _ expensive trousers! A. What B. What a C. How D. What an 9. _ girl she is! A. What bright a B. How a bright C. How bright a D. What bright 10. _ weather we have today! A. A fine B. What a fine C. How a fine D. What fine 11. _ careless he is! A. What B. How C. So much D. How much 12. _ from Beijing to London! A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is 13. Oh, John, _ you gave us! A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surprise C. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise 14. _ useful work they have done! A. What B. How C. What a D. What an 15. _ nice picture you gave me! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an三、用What或How填空：1. a big tree it is! 2. big the tree is!3. beautiful pictures!4. beautiful the pictures are!5. high the building is!6. big eyes she has!7. lovely the ice-cream is!8. lovely ice-cream!答案：1. What 2. How 3. What 4. How 5. How 6. What 7. How 8. What 【中等題】一、選擇題1. _ a nice watch it is!A. How B. What C. What a D. How a2. _ bright girls they are!A. What B. What a C. How D. how a3. _ interesting the film is!A. What B. What an C. How D. How an4. _ sunny day! Lets go out for a walk.A. How a B. How C. What a D. What5. _ hard work it is!A. How B. What C. What a D. What an6. _ day it is! Its rainy again. A. How bad B. What a bad C. How fine D. What a fine7. _ great day July 1,1997 will be! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What8. _ expensive trousers!A. What B. What a C. How D. What an9. Please _, theyre having a meeting.A. not be so noisy B. Be quite C. mustnt talk D. no speaking10. _ to meet me at the station. Ill be waiting there.A. Not to forget B. Not forget C. Forget not D. Dont forget 11. _ girl she is!A. What bright a B. How a bright C. How bright a D. What bright12. _ weather we have today!A. A fine B. What a fine C. How a fine D. What fine13. _ careless he is！A. What B. How C. So much D. How much14. Oh, John, _ you gave us!A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surpriseC. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise15. _ useful work they have done!A. What B. How C. What a D. What an16. _ nice picture you gave me!A. How B. What C. What a D. What an二、填空題 l. _ hot the weather is! 2. _ hard he works! 3. _ nice tea it is! 4 ._ big horses they are! 5. _ a good boy he is! 【提高題】一、選擇最佳答案填空1. _ carefully the boy does his homework!A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A. How, howB. What, whatC. How, whatD. What, how3. _ cheap these clothes are! Id like to buy some for my son.A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an 4. _ fools they were! They believed what the girls said. A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an5. _ difficult questions they are! I cant answer them.A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an6. I miss you very much. _ I want to see you!A. How B. How anC. WhatD. What an7. Oh, _ mistake youve m