The-Adventures-of-Tom-Sawyer-湯姆索亞歷險(xiǎn)記PPT課件

TheAdventuresofTomSawyer,1,.,AboutTheAuthor,2,.,HeisoneoftheAmericansgreatestwriters,journalistsandhumorists.HeisalsothefounderofUScriticalrealismliterature,renownedworldshortstorymaster.Thegreatesthumoristofthe19thcenturyinAmericanliterature.,MarkTwain(18351910),Mostfamousnovels:TheAdventuresofTomSawyer(1876)(湯姆索亞歷險(xiǎn)記）TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn(1894)（哈克貝利費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記）Hiswritingstyle:acombinationofcolloquiallanguagesatirelocalcoloronthebaseofwesterntraditionalhumor,MarkTwainusesmanyhyperboleandextremityexaggerateimaginationtomakethestoriesmorehumorousandmoreironic.,3,.,I.MarkTwainsLifeCareer,MarkTwainwasthepennameofSamuelLanghorneClemens(1835-1910).,HewasAmericasmostfamoushumoristandtheauthorofpopularandoutstandingautobiographicalworks,travelbooksandnovels.,4,.,A.Boyhood,HewasborninthesmallvillageofFlorida,MissourionNov.30,1835.,AsFathersbusinessfailed,thefamilyhadtomovetoHannibalwhenSamuelwas4,wherehespenthisboyhood,enchantedbytheromanceandawedbytheviolenceofriverlifeandalsothehumanflotsamwashedupbytheriver.,5,.,B.EarlylifeSamhadrelativelylittleschooling.Afterhisfathersdeath,hehadtohelpthefamilybytakingupoddjobs.Heleftschoolat13andbecameafull-timeapprenticetoaprinter.At18,hebecameatrampprinter.,6,.,C.ExperiencesontheMississippiRiver,OnhiswaydowntheMississippi,heranoutoffundsandwaspersuadedbyasteamboatpilottobecomehisapprenticeuntiltheAmericanCivilWarbrokeoutin1861andtrafficalongtheMississippiwascurtailed.,Hefoundhislifeduringthisperiodbothinstructiveandinteresting.Laterhewastosay,“Igotpersonallyandfamiliarlyacquaintedwithaboutallthedifferenttypesofhumannature”,7,.,D.JourneyWestandthebirthof“MarkTwain”,TherewererumorsaboutfortunestobemadeinNevadaandCalifornia.Hetriedprospecting,mining,speculating,butfailed.ItwasinVirginiaCityonFebruary3,1863,that“MarkTwain”wasbornwhenClemens,then27,signedahumoroustravelaccountwiththatpseudonym.In1865,TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty卡城名蛙waspublishedandbecameanimmediatesuccess.,8,.,E.Marriageandchildren,In1867,alocalnewspaperfundedatriptotheMediterranean.DuringhistourofEuropeandtheMiddleEast,hewroteapopularcollectionoftravelletters,whichwerelatercompiledasTheInnocentsAbroadin1869.Itwasonthistripthathemethisfuturebrother-in-law,CharlesLangdon.CharlesLangdonshowedapictureofhissister,Olivia,toTwain;Twainclaimedtohavefalleninloveatfirstsight.Thetwometin1868,wereengagedayearlater,andmarriedinFebruary1870inElmira,NewYork.ThecouplelivedinBuffalo,NewYorkfrom1869to1871.TwainownedastakeintheBuffaloExpressnewspaper,andworkedasaneditorandwriter.TheirsonLangdondiedofdiphtheria(白喉)at19months.In1871,TwainmovedhisfamilytoHartford,Connecticut，whereOliviagavebirthtothreedaughters:Susy,ClaraandJean.Thecouplesmarriagelasted34years,untilOliviasdeathin1904.,9,.,F.Hismostproductiveyears,DuringhisseventeenyearsinHartford(18741891),Twainwrotemanyofhisbest-knownworks:TheAdventuresofTomSawyer(1876),ThePrinceandthePauper(1881),LifeontheMississippi(1883),AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn(1884),andAConnecticutYankeeinKingArthursCourt(1889).,10,.,G.Financialdifficultiesandpersonalmisfortunes,Heinvestedlargelyonhisownprintingshopandbecamebankrupt.Heavilyindebt,hemadealecturingtourabroadandsucceededinpayingallhisdebts,butruinedhisownhealth.Inthisperiodoccurredthedeathsofhisson,daughtersandwife.,11,.,H.Lastyears,Hedictatedhisautobiography.Hediedin1910.SomeofhisothermajorworksareThePrinceandthePauperandThe1,000,000Bank-Note.,12,.,AboutThebackground,Inthemid-19thcentury,thesouthernpartoftheUnitedStatesisplantationslavery,thenorthernpartisbourgeoisemployerlaborsystem,thecontradictionsbetweenthesetwokindsofsystemscausedthepoliticalandeconomicoppositions,andconcentratedontheissueaboutsupportingandagainesttheslaverysystem,andthiscausedthecivilwar.Thenovelsatirizesthefoolishreligionandcondemnedthesinofslaverybydescribingwhitekidswithafugitiveslavelivedinavagabondslifeinthemississippiriver,andpropagandizestheideathateveryoneenjoystherightsoffreedomregardlessofrace.,13,.,Beinggenerallyregardedasaboysstory,thebookisallaboutTomandhisgang.WhilespendingasummerwithAuntPollyinadrowsyMississippiRivertown,TomandhisbuddiesHuckandJoetakeaseriesofadventurethere.TheywitnessahorriblemurdercommittedbyInjunJoe.Finally,TomreturnstoschoolandbecomeaheroatthetrialofMuffPotterwhenherevealsInjunJoesguilt.WhenInjundies,histreasureisdividedbetweenTomandHuck,whoisnowadoptedbyWidowDouglas.TwainhadmadeTomtheheroofAmericanboyhood,andthebookhadbecometheclassicreadinschools.Bytellingthisstory,Twainfulfilshisandotheradultsdreamsofidealboyhood.Allthecrueltiesandfears,wondersandjoysofchildhoodarebroughtintovividness.,Summary,14,.,AnalysisofMajorCharacters,15,.,ThenovelsmaincharacterTomisamischievousboywithagreatimaginationwhospendsmostofthetimegettinghimintrouble.Tomhasakindheartandrespectsotherpeoplesfeelings.Hebecomesmoreandmorematureasthestoryprogresses.,TomSawyer,16,.,HuckisTomsbestfriendandfellowadventurer.Abandonedbyhisdrunkenfather,helivesonhisownandbyhisownrules.Huckisverylaidbackandindependent.Mostadultsdisapproveofhimandotherchildrenenvyhimforhisfreedom.PollyisTomsauntandguardian.AuntPollyisaniceladybutshecanbemeanandstrictattimes.Overall,AuntPollyjustwantstobelovedbythemostimportantpeopleSidandTominherlifeatthemoment.,HuckleberryFinnandAuntPolly,17,.,TomSawyer,BeckyThatcher,HuckleberryFinn,InjunJoe(starvestodeath),MuffPotter(iswrongfullyarrested),Pirate,AuntPolly,witness,friend,friend,JoeHarper,BF,5.cave,3,4,2,6,TheWidowDouglas,adopts,Sid,Mary,AmyLauren,mom,cousin,halfbrother,PreBF,Relationship,18,.,Analysisofthisnovelfromchildrensperspective,1.ChildrensNavetandInnocenceTomSawyerwhohasthecharacteristicsofchildreningeneral.Confrontedwithanykindofcircumstances,Tomrespondsbymakingagameofit,byrelyingonhisreading,byposingoractingoutapart.2.PlayingTruantHetriestotruantbydeceiving,butfailed.3.Love-affairMarkTwainalsowritesaboutwhatchildrenfeelaboutthoseoftheoppositesex.4.ChildishImitationTomasksBeckyforakissonlybecausethatisritualhehasreadaboutinbookswhenpeoplegetengaged.5.ChildrensCuriosityBehavior”WhenMarkTwaincreatesTomSawyerandothercharactersinthestory,hegivesprominencetochildrenscuriosity,attemptingtocapturethegeneralfeelingofyoungreaders.6.TheTendencytoHeroismTomwishestotravelaroundtheworld,tobeasoldier,aplainsman,apirate.Attheendofthestory,afterexperiencingmuchterror,Tom,alongwithHuck,discoversthehiddentreasureinthecavewhichmakesTomarichandimportantpersoninthecommunity.7.ChildrensIdyllicOutlookoftheWorldForTwain,TomSawyerisanattempttoidealizeboyhood,toseeinithisdreamofpeaceandinnocencethatcannotendureintheadultworld.,19,.,Flexible,Varied,FluidTwaincertainlyhasaflexiblestyle;hecansuithiswordsquiteeasilytothesituation,whetherheisdescribingthethoughtsofTomorexpoundinguponsomeloftysubject.Thatsaid,oneofthemostimpressiveaspectsofhiswritingisthedialogue.Ratherthantrytodescribeit,wellgiveyouataste.Tom,havingjustbarelysurvivedanencounterwithInjunJoethenightbefore,goestotalkwithHuck:Hello,Huck!Hello,yourself.“Silence,foraminute.Tom,ifwedalefttheblametoolsatthedeadtree,wedagotthemoney.Oh,aintitawful!Taintadream,then,taintadream!SomehowImostwishitwas.DogdifIdont,Huck.(27.4-8)Twainrenderstherhythmofthespeechbeautifully,usingcontractionsandslangtogivelifetoTomandHucksspeech.Smalltouches,likethewedaanddogdgoalongwaytowardmakingthemsoundlikerealboys.Eventhatbracketedpausespeaksvolumes.Withoutsuitabledialogue,allofTwainsobservationsandremarkswouldbelikeacakewithouticing:stilldelicious,butnotquiteright.,WritingStyle,20,.,Humorous,KnowingAlthoughTheAdventuresofTomSawyerisbynomeansanautobiography,Twainismostdefinitelywritingfromlifeexperience.Hesoundslikewell,afiftyyear-oldmanlookingbackathischildhood,andforminganarrativeoutofhismemories.MemoriesofhisyouthinMissouri,ofchildishbehaviorandjuvenilefantasies;theseareTwainsrawmaterials.Inretrospect,Twaincancoaxthehumoroutofadolescentfoibles,andhisinsightsintothestrangeandsometim