中石油職稱英語(yǔ)課文講稿1-60第01課 (51).doc

大家論壇中石油職稱英語(yǔ)/forum-346-1.html52. Chinas Roadmapn.路線圖 . 中國(guó)繪制經(jīng)濟(jì)路線圖、1. China is about to adoptv.采納,采取 its 11th five-year plan, setting the stage for the continuationn.繼續(xù),持續(xù) of probably the most remarkableadj.不尋常的 economic transformationn.轉(zhuǎn)變 in history. while improving the well-beingn.幸福 of almost a quarter of the worlds population. Never before has the world seen such sustained持續(xù)的 growth; never before has there been so much povertyn.貧窮 reduction. 1、中國(guó)即將實(shí)施第十一個(gè)五年規(guī)劃。這是旨在造福于世界近14的人口，為或許是歷史上最為可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的持續(xù)發(fā)展所做的準(zhǔn)備。在世界范圍內(nèi)這樣可持續(xù)的發(fā)展前所未見，如此大規(guī)模的脫貧亦史無(wú)前例。單詞：adopt采納，采取； transformation =轉(zhuǎn)變； sustain持續(xù)； poverty貧窮； 2. Part of the key to Chinas long-run success has been its almost uniqueadj.獨(dú)一無(wú)二的 combinationn.結(jié)合 of pragmatismn.實(shí)用主義 and visionn.遠(yuǎn)見. While much of the rest of the developing world, following the Washington Consensusn.(意見等的)一致, has been directed at a quixotica.不切實(shí)際的 quest追求 for higher GDP, China has once again made clear that it seeks sustainablea.可持續(xù)的 and more equitable合理的 increases in real living standards. 2、中國(guó)長(zhǎng)期的成功發(fā)展，部分原因在于其近乎無(wú)可比擬地將遠(yuǎn)見卓識(shí)與腳踏實(shí)地合而為一。華盛頓共識(shí)形成后，在其他發(fā)展中國(guó)家都不切實(shí)際地致力于提高國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值時(shí)，中國(guó)再次重申，人民實(shí)際生活水平的持續(xù)、均衡提高，才是其追求的目標(biāo)。單詞：unique獨(dú)一無(wú)二的；vision遠(yuǎn)見； sustainable可持續(xù)的； 3. China realizes that it has entered a phase階段 of economic growth that is imposing enormous-and unsustainable-demands on the environment. Unless there is a change in course, living standards will eventually be compromised(compromise):妥協(xié). That is why the new five-year plan places great emphasis on the environment. 3、 中國(guó)意識(shí)到其經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展已進(jìn)入了給環(huán)境造成沉重負(fù)擔(dān)的階段，這個(gè)負(fù)擔(dān)甚至讓發(fā)展難以為繼。除非改變做法，否則將最終危及人民生活水平的提高。這也是新的五年規(guī)劃把環(huán)境問(wèn)題當(dāng)作重中之重的原因所在。單詞：phase：階段， phrase:短語(yǔ)；單詞：compromise妥協(xié)； 4. Even many of the more backward parts of China have been growing at a pace that would be a marvel奇跡, were it not for the fact that other parts of the country are growing even more rapidly. While this has reduced povertyn.貧窮, inequalityn.不平等 has been increasing, with growing disparities(disparity):差異 between cities and ruraladj.農(nóng)村的 areas, and between coastal regions and the interior內(nèi)地. 4、即使中國(guó)許多更為落后的地區(qū)在以令人驚異的速度發(fā)展，也不能就此忽視這個(gè)國(guó)家的其他地區(qū)發(fā)展速度更為迅捷的事實(shí)。隨著城市和農(nóng)村、沿海和內(nèi)地差距的增大，在削減貧窮的同時(shí)，不平等也在加劇。分析：interior內(nèi)地； internal :內(nèi)部的，國(guó)內(nèi)的；單詞：marvel奇跡；inequality不平等； rural農(nóng)村的； 5. This years World Bank World Development Report explains why inequalityn.不平等, not just povertyn.貧窮, should be a concern, and Chinas 11th five-year plan attacks處理 the problem head-on迎面. The government has for several years talked about a more harmoniousa.和諧的 society, and the plan describes ambitious programs for achieving this. 5、今年世界銀行的世界發(fā)展報(bào)告說(shuō)明了人們?yōu)楹胃撽P(guān)注不平等問(wèn)題，而不光是貧窮問(wèn)題。中國(guó)第十一個(gè)五年規(guī)劃，也著手正面解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。近年來(lái)政府一直宣傳建立更和諧社會(huì)，第十一個(gè)五年規(guī)劃則描述了實(shí)現(xiàn)和諧社會(huì)的宏圖大計(jì)。6. China recognizes, too, that what separates less developed from more developed countries is not only a gap差距 in resources, but also a gap in knowledge. So it has laid out bolda.大膽的 plans not only to reduce that gap, but to create a basis for independenta.獨(dú)立的 innovationn.創(chuàng)新. 6、中國(guó)也認(rèn)識(shí)到，落后國(guó)家和發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家不僅在資源上存在著差距，在知識(shí)上也同樣有相當(dāng)距離。因此中國(guó)制定了大膽的計(jì)劃，不僅要縮小這個(gè)差距，還要為獨(dú)立創(chuàng)新奠定基礎(chǔ)。分析：lay out設(shè)計(jì)，制定；單詞：recognize認(rèn)識(shí)； gap差距； bold大膽的； 7. Chinas role in the world and the worlds economy has changed, and the plan reflects(reflect):v.反映 this, too. Its future growth will have to be based more on domestic demand than on exports, which will require increases in consumptionn.消費(fèi). Indeed, China has a rareadj.罕見的 problem: excessiveadj.過(guò)多的 savings. People save partly because of weaknesses in government social-insurance programs; strengthening social security (pensions(pension):n.養(yǎng)老金) and public health and education will simultaneously(simultaneous):a.同時(shí)的 reduce social inequalities不平等, increase citizens sense of well-beingn.幸福, and promotev.促進(jìn) current consumption. 7、中國(guó)在全球和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)中扮演的角色已經(jīng)改變，這一點(diǎn)在五年規(guī)劃中也有所反映。中國(guó)未來(lái)的發(fā)展將不得不更多地依靠國(guó)內(nèi)需求而非出口，這就需要擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)消費(fèi)。的確，中國(guó)面對(duì)的問(wèn)題十分罕見：那就是儲(chǔ)蓄過(guò)多。人們大量?jī)?chǔ)蓄的部分原因在于政府的社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)計(jì)劃存在缺陷，強(qiáng)化社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)(養(yǎng)老金)、公共衛(wèi)生和教育之際，亦將減少社會(huì)不平等，增強(qiáng)人們的幸福感并促進(jìn)時(shí)下消費(fèi)。單詞：reflect反映； consumption消費(fèi)； excessive過(guò)多的；simultaneously同時(shí)地； 8. If successful-and, so far, China has almost always surpassed(surpass):v.超過(guò) even its own high expectations期望-these adjustments may impose enormous strains(strain):n.壓力 on a global economic system that is already unbalanced by the US huge fiscaladj.財(cái)政的 and trade deficits(deficit):n.赤字. If China saves less-and if, as officials have announced, it pursues(pursue):v.追求 a more diversified(diversify):vt.使多樣化 policy of investing its reserves-who will finance the US trade deficitn.赤字 of more than US$2 billion a day? This is a topic for another day, but that day may not be far off. 8、一直以來(lái)，中國(guó)幾乎每次都能夠超額完成自己設(shè)定的最高日標(biāo)。眼下的目標(biāo)如果實(shí)現(xiàn)，這些調(diào)整可能會(huì)給因美國(guó)的巨額財(cái)政和貿(mào)易赤字導(dǎo)致本已失衡的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)體系帶來(lái)巨大壓力。如果中國(guó)的儲(chǔ)蓄減少，如果像其官方公布的，中國(guó)實(shí)行-種更多樣的儲(chǔ)蓄投資政策，那么誰(shuí)將認(rèn)購(gòu)美國(guó)一天20多億美元的貿(mào)易赤字?這個(gè)問(wèn)題目前似乎并非迫在眉睫，但我們距離那天已為時(shí)不遠(yuǎn)。單詞：surpass超越； expectation期望； adjustment調(diào)整； deficit赤字； diversify使多樣化； 9. With such a clear vision of the future, the challenge will be implementationn.執(zhí)行. China is a large country, and it could not have succeeded as it has without widespread decentralization分權(quán). But decentralization raises problems of its own. 9、中國(guó)對(duì)未來(lái)具有如此明確的遠(yuǎn)見卓識(shí)，挑戰(zhàn)則在寸：如何貫徹落實(shí)。中國(guó)幅員遼闊，沒(méi)有廣泛的分權(quán)不會(huì)成功。但權(quán)力分散又會(huì)產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的問(wèn)題。單詞：implementation執(zhí)行； 10. Greenhouse gases, for example, are global problems. While the US says that it cannot afford to do anything about it, Chinas senior officials have acted more responsiblyad.負(fù)責(zé)地. Within a month of the adoption采用 of the plan, new environmental taxes on cars, gasoline, and wood products were imposed: China was using market-based mechanisms機(jī)制 to address its and the worlds environmental problems. 10、例如，溫室氣體排放是個(gè)全球性的問(wèn)題。在美國(guó)宣稱對(duì)此無(wú)能為力之時(shí)，中國(guó)高級(jí)官員表現(xiàn)了更負(fù)責(zé)任的行為。在規(guī)劃被采納后的一個(gè)月內(nèi)，中國(guó)政府就對(duì)汽車、汽油和木制品征收了新的環(huán)境稅：中國(guó)正利用市場(chǎng)機(jī)制解決其自身和世界的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。單詞：responsibly負(fù)責(zé)地； adoption采納； 11. But the pressures on local government officials to deliver economic growth and jobs will be enormous. They will be sorely強(qiáng)烈的 tempted(tempt):v.試探 to argue that, If the US cannot afford to produce in a way that preserves保護(hù) our planet, how can we? To translate its vision into action, the Chinese government will need strong policies, such as the environmental taxes already imposed. 11、但這對(duì)要發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)和創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的地方官員造成巨大的壓力。他們會(huì)很自然地辯解說(shuō)：“如果美國(guó)不能以環(huán)保方式生產(chǎn)，我們又怎么能夠做到?”為了把遠(yuǎn)見變成行動(dòng)，中國(guó)政府需要推行強(qiáng)有力的政策，已經(jīng)開始征收的環(huán)境稅即為一例。單詞：preserve保護(hù)；12. As China has moved towards a market economy, it has developed some of the problems that have plagued(plague):困擾 the developed countries: special interests that clothe n.隱藏self-serving arguments behind a thin veiln.面紗 of market ideologyn.意識(shí)形態(tài). 12、隨著中國(guó)向市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)渡，一直困擾發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的問(wèn)題也在中國(guó)顯現(xiàn)：在薄薄的市場(chǎng)意識(shí)的面紗后，隱藏著有自私自利企圖的特殊利益集團(tuán)。單詞：plague紛擾； ideology意識(shí)形態(tài) 13. Some will argue for trickle滴-down economics: Dont worry about the poor, eventually everybody will benefit from growth. And some will opposevt.反對(duì) competition policy and strong corporate企業(yè)的 governancen.監(jiān)管 laws: Let Darwinian survival work its wonders. Growth arguments will be advanced to counter反對(duì) strong social and environmental policies: Higher gasoline taxes, for example, will kill our nascenta.新生的 auton.汽車 industry. 13、有些人可能主張滴入式經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)；不必為窮人擔(dān)心，每個(gè)人最終都會(huì)從經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中獲益。有些人可能會(huì)反對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)政策，反對(duì)強(qiáng)有力的企業(yè)監(jiān)管法律，主張讓達(dá)爾文進(jìn)化論的適者生存顯現(xiàn)奇效。反對(duì)強(qiáng)化社會(huì)與環(huán)保政策的言論會(huì)日漸突出，比如有人會(huì)說(shuō)，高額的燃油稅會(huì)扼殺我們新生的汽車工業(yè)。單詞：oppose反對(duì)； nascent新生的； 14. Such allegedly(alleged):所謂地 pro-growth policies would not only fail to deliver growth; they would threaten the entire vision of Chinas future. There is only one way to prevent this: open discussion of economic policies in order to exposev.暴露 fallacies(fallacy):n.錯(cuò)誤 and provide scope范圍 for creative solutions to the many challenges facing China today. US President George W. Bush has shown the dangers of excessiveadj.過(guò)分的 secrecy and confining(confine):v.限制 decision-making決策 to a narrow circle of sycophants諂媚者. Most people outside China do not fully appreciatevt.體會(huì)，理解 the extentn.程度 to which its leaders, by contrast, have engaged in extensive deliberations協(xié)商 and broad consultations(consultation)咨詢 (even with foreigners) as they strivev.努力,奮斗 to solve the enormous problems they face. 14、然而，這些所謂的主張發(fā)展的政策不僅不能帶來(lái)發(fā)展，還會(huì)威脅到事關(guān)中國(guó)未來(lái)的完整的遠(yuǎn)景規(guī)劃。阻止的辦法只有一個(gè)：那就是公開探討經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。只有這樣才能揭穿謬論，有可能為當(dāng)今中國(guó)所面臨的諸多挑戰(zhàn)制定有創(chuàng)意的