2013小學英語畢業(yè)復習指導.doc

小學英語畢業(yè)班復習指導安新縣教研室 孫童建我們將從以下四個方面探討一下我們畢業(yè)班的復習。這四個方面分別是：復習的范圍、復習的準備工作、復習的原則、復習的方法。我們重點放在最后復習方法的介紹。1、 明確復習范圍： 整體范圍：1-8冊，一個是新課標二級目標的要求，再一個是學科特點，內容的持續(xù)性較強，這樣我們不能孤立、片面的考察部分內容。 內容范圍：依據(jù)我們的教材和新課標的要求。比如：語法。課標里有明確要求，但具體內容掌握到什么程度，還要老師們在研究教材和課標的基礎上具體把握。二、復習準備工作：1、思想動員：認識復習的重要性，告訴他們這是他們與別人縮小差距，甚至趕超他們的絕好機會，增強自信心復習前，英語教師要做好學生的思想工作，開好思想動員會，確保達到預期復習效果，確保各個層次的學生更上一層樓。2、提前備課：最后的復習需要老師做大量的繁重工作，把1-8冊的復習內容，歸納總結，系統(tǒng)梳理。3、制訂復習計劃 合理安排復習時間，科學設計復習內容，及時調整完善這就要求我們復習要有計劃，不要盲目施教。 這里的時間理解為兩方面，一是總復習時間，二是具體到每節(jié)課40分鐘的時間，首先，我們要算一算總時間，我們大概還有多少節(jié)課，要及時調整你的教學策略和進度，我們冀教版小學英語這套教材，詞匯量，句型、日常交際用語（對話語篇）非常多，在復習前，每位英語教師應對復習內容及復習安排做到心中有數(shù)，目標明確。根據(jù)學生實際情況，針對他們在學習上的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)制定切實可行的復習計劃，合理安排復習時間，然后依照計劃精心設計好每一節(jié)復習課進行有效的復習。要避免復習的盲目性，不能想到什么就講什么，東一榔頭西一棒，造成知識點的疏漏。三：把握（注意）原則：1、關注學生心理，營造寬松復習氛圍 (1)、教師要給予學生關愛和鼓勵。 (2)、采取多樣的復習形式，保持學生學習的興趣。2、以學生為主體，發(fā)揮學生的積極主動性3. 搞好校本教研（集體備課，資源共享），上好復習課常規(guī)課堂四：復習方法 復習基本可以分為三個階段，每一個階段都應各有側重。第一階段我以教材為本，側重于教材的復習與梳理，快速地過一遍，通過教材的重現(xiàn)來歸納語言點，講透語言點運用，對各單元的知識要點進行梳理，同時應留意基礎單詞、詞組、句型的過關，讓學生對所學的英語知識進行“查漏補缺”。在實際復習教學中，有的老師往往跳過課文直接講知識點，語法，或者直接把大量的時間和精力花在做訓練、試題上，這種做法是有失偏頗的。復習教材上的對話和課文是最基礎的復習，可以幫助回想所學過的知識點，可以讓學生印象更加深刻。復習注重教材，回歸文本。第二階段進行橫向復習，做到點面結合。假如說第一階段是點的復習的話，那么第二階段就是面的復習。第一階段著重要求學生對每個知識的過關，那么在第二階段我就會根據(jù)各知識點的前后聯(lián)系將散落于各冊書中的語言點進行整體歸納、小結，幫助學生構建緊密聯(lián)系的“知識串”。第三階段的復習，我側重對做題技巧的講解和做一些學生易出錯的題目，指導學生把握一些做筆試和聽力題的要領。單項選擇（情景交際）可以用排除法來做，通過分析讓學生掌握每題的做題技巧。小學英語畢業(yè)復習六部曲摘要：小學英語六年級英語總復習語音、語法、交際功能、文化意識和評價六個方面進行總結、梳理，并輔以針對性練習，有利于激發(fā)學習興趣，鞏固提高所學知識，提升綜合語言運用能力。具體措施有：夯基礎、背詞匯、熟語法、知規(guī)矩、重交際、活運用以及拓展文化、提升素養(yǎng)、重視評價等等。關鍵詞：小學 英語 復習小學英語課程標準要求小學學生畢業(yè)時達到二級目標：對英語學習有持續(xù)的興趣和愛好，能用簡單的英語互致問候、交換有關個人、家庭和朋友的簡單信息；能根據(jù)所學內容表演小故事或小短劇；能在圖片的幫助下聽懂、讀懂并講述簡單的故事；能根據(jù)圖片、詞語或例句的提示寫出簡短的語句；在學習中樂于參與、積極合作、主動請教，樂于了解異國文化、習俗。本文擬從語音、詞匯、語法、交際功能、文化意識和評價六個方面提出復習意見，以期進一步提高小學生的綜合語言運用能力。一、 重語音 夯基礎語言是交流思想的工具，它首先是有聲的，也就是說有聲語言是第一性的。它通過人發(fā)出的聲音，達到交流思想的目的。（一） 知道錯誤的發(fā)音會影響交際（二） 知道字母名稱的讀音如：（三） 了解重音 重音包括單詞重音和句子重音。兩者都很重要。句子重音要和節(jié)奏、句型、對話結合，通過規(guī)范化朗讀和背誦形成對句子重音的把握。節(jié)奏要和重音、停頓聯(lián)系起來，在練習時要注意這樣一種現(xiàn)象：English is interesting. The English book is interesting. The English book is very interesting.語調達意的訓練，可以通過停頓，了解停頓在句中的不同位置對語義有不同的影響。如：I dont know, Sam. I dont know Sam.(四)語音清楚，語調自然通過游戲及一些自編材料復習和鞏固語音1 讀下面這段話，里面含48個音標：Look at Kates picture. Some birds are in an orange tree. A young woman in a red dress is under the tree. I think she is a teacher. Oh, there is a poor girl over there. She looks like a boy. Perhaps she is five. Whats more, there is a cow near her.2.自編一些Rhyme.如：A: Name, name, whats your name?Game, game, lets play a game. Lake, lake, this is a lake.Plane, plane, is that a plane?Grade, grade, Im in Grade One.Make, make, I can make a paper plane.B: You see, Im a little bee. Flying over the tree. When you eat sweets with tea, dont forget me, dont forget me.C: Sleep at night, I dont know why. Say “Good night”, it is polite. In the morning light, to do what is right, with all your might.【專項練習】同學們，你能根據(jù)拼讀規(guī)律，讀出這些單詞嗎？Cake-name-tape note-home-rope fine-time-kite Rain-train-paint day-ray-may-haySleep-feet-street-tree snow-bowl-throw-windowBoat-coat-toast-soap this-that-brother-mother-fatherEar-hear-beer-near-here(五)能基本正確的使用大小寫字母和標點符號1句子開頭的字母，包括完整句子或不完整的句子，其開頭字母必須大寫。如：Thanks a lot!2.句子加引號部分的開頭字母須大寫。如：Mr. Wood says “Sit down, please.”3.位于人名或姓氏之前，表示親屬關系的詞，其開頭字母須大寫。如：Aunt Liu4.表示人民、民族和語言的詞，其開頭字母須大寫。如：English, American5.人名、地名、國名、重要建筑物等常用名詞的首字母須大寫。其中，人名里的姓和名的首字母都要大寫。如：Beijing, Baoding , London, China. Li Ming6.星期、月份、節(jié)日名稱等開頭字母須大寫。如：Monday, June, Christmas7.表示“我”的字母“I”永遠大寫。、英語小常識：常見字母縮略詞Mon. 星期一 Tue.星期二 Wed.星期三 Thu.星期四 Fri.星期五 Sat.星期六 Sun.星期日Jan.一月 Feb. 二月 Mar.三月 Apr.四月 May.五月 Jun.六月 Jul.七月 Aug.八月 Sep.九月Oct.十月 Nov.十一月 Dec.十二月 A.M上午 P.M.下午WHO世界衛(wèi)生組織 WC廁所UN聯(lián)合國 ID身份證 CD光盤 WTO世界貿易組織IQ智商 VIP重要人物PRC中華人民共和國ABC基礎知識CPU.中央處理器IT信息技術TV電視Tel 電話 km公里 ISO國際標準組織 cm厘米 mm毫米 Add.地址 EXP 出口 RMB人民幣 OK好，行 UK 聯(lián)合王國 TM商標 CCTV 中央電視臺二、 背詞匯 抓關鍵詞匯是構筑語言大廈最基本的材料。不掌握相當數(shù)量的詞匯，英語運用能力就無從談起。（一） 記單詞的方法1 同音詞記憶：Son-sun eye-I two-too their-there no-know our-hour here-hear2 同義詞或近義詞記憶：Learn-study speak-tell-talk-say see-look-watch listen-hear close-shut3 反義詞記憶：Open-close big-small，dirtyclean, beautifulugly, borrowlend, takebring, longshort, oldyoung, oldnew, hotcold, warmcool4.分類記憶：名詞（人物，學習用品，食品，服裝，動物，交通工具，飲料，學習科目等）、動詞（記動詞時可通過句子及對話內容來記，這樣有利于了解詞的實際用法）5.前綴后綴記憶：Telephone, television, telegraph, Backward, toward, forward, upward,6.合成詞共有的部分記憶：Bookcase, bookshelf, bookstore-7.音、形易混詞記憶Shipsheep, thisthese, pearbear, thingsing, thinksink8.快速聯(lián)想記憶：基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞：onefirst, two-second形容詞副詞:quickquickly, slow-slowly動詞-名詞：teachteacher9.用組詞、造句的方法記憶：在了解某一單詞的音、形、義之后，讓學生正確理解并實際運用這一單詞。如組詞造句，這樣能夠達到加深印象的目的。如：學了every一詞，可先組成every body, every day, every evening, every place, every hour等詞組，還可以造句：Every boy was excited when they won the game. We read English every day.Every animal lives happily in the zoo.(二)詞匯分類：分類詞匯相關句子形狀circle, square, triangle, shape, lineWhat is your favourite shape?家庭成員grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, aunt, uncle, cousin, brother, sister, daughter, son, wife, husbandThis is _.He/She is my_.My father wears glasses.My grandmother is older/younger than my grandfather.職業(yè)teacher, cashier, queen, student, doctor, businessman, businesswoman, judge, police officer, bus driver, carpenter, clerk, waitress, waiter, president, player, friendWhat is she/he?What does your father do?He/She is a/an_.學習、教學用具blackboard, chalk, eraser, paper, glasses, computer, book, chair, desk, marker, pen, pencil, scissors, pencil-caseWhat is it? Its a/an_.服裝clothes, jeans, jacket, coat, blouse, dress, hat, pants, shorts, shirt, shoes, boots, skirt, socks, sweater, scarf, cap, pyjamas, slippers, housecoat, mittens, sandals, runnersWhat is he/she wearing? He/She is wearing_.Whose _is it/ are they?Is it new?Are they old?飲食Snack, food, chicken, meat, noodles, dumplings, fish, egg, rice, soup, donut,hot dog, dessert, cake, bread toast and jam pizza,sandwich, cookie, French, fries, hamburger, porridge, cereal, sugar, salt, pepper, milk, juice, pop, tea, water, ice cream, flour, oil, vegetables, cabbage, pea, onion, carrot, apple, banana, melon, fruit, grapes, strawberry(strawberries) orangeWhat is your favourite food/fruit/vegetables?I like_.Would you like_?Yes, please. No, thanks.Whats for breakfast/lunch/supper?I like_ for breakfast/lunch/supper.How much is it/are they?Im hungry. I want to eat. Im thirsty. I want to drink. 交通工具bus bicycle cab car truck airplane(plane) trainHow do you go to school?I go to school by bus/bicycle/cab/car/truck airplane(plane) /train./on foot.A _is faster/slower than a _.月份January February March April May June July August September October November December Whats the date today?Its _.When is your birthday/Childrens Day?星期Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday What day is it today?Its_.季節(jié)Season, spring, summer, fall, winterWhat is your favourite season?My favourite season is winter. Because I like to skate on the ice.時間Morning afternoon evening minute hour day week month year now today yesterday tomorrowWhat time is it?When do you go to school?動物Snake zebra rabbit donkey mouse horse chicken elephant goat kangaroo lion monkey pig sheep tiger camel ostrich cat cow dog duck wolf panda giraffe fish bird wing beak feather fur paw tail mane pouch trunk stripeCan a bird fly?Yes, it can.Does a tiger have fur?Where does a/an _live?In a _.植物 自然Rose tree grass flower leaf forest mountain ocean sea beach rock mudWhat is it?天氣Sun cloud rain wind snow ice sunny cloudy rainy windy snowy temperature degreesHow is the weather today?Whats the weather like today?Its sunny. Whats the temperature outside?Its twenty degrees. 顏色Black brown green orange pink purple white gray blue red yellow blondWhat colour is it?Its red.What is your favourite colour?身體部位Body arm ear elbow eye finger foot (復數(shù)為feet) hand head knee leg mouth nose shoulder stomach toe bone muscle skin hair face This is _.What is the matter?My_hurts. I have a headache.方位 方向East west south north bottom corner up down left right top fromtoin on under behind in front of inside outside near far from above below besideThis is _.East points up on a map.The bed is beside the dresser.數(shù)字基數(shù)詞：one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty twenty-one thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety hundred序數(shù)詞：first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth twenty- firstHow many apples do you have?I have three.June first is Childrens Day.Sunday is the first day of the week.國家China Beijing Chinese Tiananmen Square The Palace Museum The Great Wall Canada Ottawa English and French Niagara Falls The Rocky Mountains The U.S.(America) Washington D.C. English The White House The Statue of Liberty The U.K.(Britain) London English Buckingham palace Australia Canberra EnglishWhere do you live?I live in China.We speak Chinese in China.What is the capital city of China?Beijing is the capital city of China.地點、場所和道路Avenue road street hotel house restaurant gym library shop apartment zoo bedroom classroom bathroom living room kitchen office apartment building park silk shop clothes shop department store movie theatre mall grocery store farm field palace train station square museum bus stopLets to the zoo to watch animals.Where are you going?To the _.Where is the park?I can show you.文體生活Name family birthday present party souvenir gift team score sport game picture story song toy teddy bear paddle skipping-rope cards checkers newspaper badminton ping-pong basketball soccer envelope letter picture E-mail postcard stamp doll ball kite map class exercise chart homeworkWhat sports do you play?I play ping-pong.I want to send an e-mail to my friend.家具、電器、日常用品Bed table telephone/phone TV radio refrigerator lamp light door window stairs dresser closet couch sink bathtub shower bath toilet breakfast lunch supper key bowl dish chopsticks brush comb soap toothbrush towel bandage umbrella bottle candle ticket camera filmWhat is it?Its a lamp.【詞匯專項練習】1看圖寫單詞： _ _ _ _ _2. 根據(jù)圖片提示，選擇相應單詞或短語。 A.play ping-pong A.vegetables A.the U.S. A.bathroom A.a manB.play basketball B. flowers B.the U.K. B.bedroom B.some menC.play badmintonC.cabbages C.Canada C.living room C.some women3. 根據(jù)提示，在橫線上填上適當?shù)膯卧~形式完成句子1.-What did you do yesterday? -I _(play) soccer.2.-How many _（綿羊）can you see? -Thirteen.3.Jennys birthday is in _(七月).4.A train is faster than a bus, but _(slow) than a plane.5.The dresser is _(在-旁邊）the bed.4選擇填空：( )1.You can brush your teeth in the _. A. living room B. bedroom C. bathroom( )2._lines make a square. A.Four B.Five C.Three( )3._did you come to Canada? I came on Monday. A.How B. When C.What( )4.Steven always wears pants. He _wears dresses.A.usually B. never C. always( )5.My mothers sister is my _.A.sister B.aunt C.uncle( )6.We go to the _to _.A. park, have lunch B.gym, watch the animals C. movie theatre, watch a movie( )7.My mother is a _.A.son B.doctor C.door( )8.My father is tall, but I am _.A. shot B.long C. thin( )9.Ottwa is the capital city of _.A.the U.S. B.the U.K. C.Canada( )10.Its hot. Please put on your _.A.sweater B.scarf C.skirt【句子專項練習】連詞成句：1. a, this, book, is2. am, than, I, younger, my, mother3. you, to, school, how, go, do4. Beijing, capital ,China, the, is, of , city5. cold, a, day, what三、熟語法 知規(guī)矩英語新課標對語法的要求（二級）：1 在具體語境中理解以下語法項目的意義和用法：名詞的單復數(shù)形式和名詞所有格；人稱代詞和形容詞性物主代詞；一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時、一般過去時和一般將來時；表示時間、地點 和位置的常用介詞；簡單句的基本形式。2 在實際運用中體會以上語法項目的表意功能： 英語和其它語言一樣，也有規(guī)律可循，這一規(guī)律就叫語法。下面列舉一些規(guī)律，并把它加以歸納、簡化，讓學生輕輕松松的學，快快樂樂的用。（一） 名詞名詞是表示人、事物名稱的詞。1 名詞的數(shù)：名詞可分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。（1） 可數(shù)名詞：可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復數(shù)兩種形式。表示一個人或事物用單數(shù)形式：a book, a girl表示兩個或兩個以上的人或事物用復數(shù)形式：多數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式在其單數(shù)后面加-s或-es構成，如：two books復數(shù)形式變化規(guī)則如下：變化規(guī)則例詞規(guī)則變化一般情況下，直接加-sbook-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds以s. x. sh. ch結尾，加-es 一些以o結尾的名詞加-esbus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, peach-peachespotato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes以“f或fe”結尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-esknife-knives,leaf-leaves, wife-wives, knife-knives以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-esfamily-families,strawberry-strawberries,baby-babies,country-countries不規(guī)則變化單復同形Sheep-sheep元音變化man-men, woman-women child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth本身就以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞：scissors, pants, jeans, trousers, clothes, pyjamas,shorts,(2)不可數(shù)名詞。不可數(shù)名詞不分單復數(shù)形式，前面不能用a/an.常見的不可數(shù)名詞有：water, tea, milk, juice, meat, bread等。2 名詞的所有格：名詞中表示所有關系的形式叫做名詞所有格。名詞所有格有兩種形式：一是加s,一是用of 表示。This is Jennys hat.This is a photo of her family.【專項練習】1、 寫出下列單詞的復數(shù)形式。child _ photo _ boy_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ bus_ strawberry _ desk_ monkey_ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ leaf_ people_brush_2.用所給詞的正確形式填空。（1）Are there two ( pen) on the table?（2）I can see some ( child ) in the picture.（3）How many ( hour) are there in a day?（4）Herere five ( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you.（5）This (書) is hers. Those ( grape ) are over there.【冠詞】是一種虛詞，不能獨立使用，放在名詞的前面，分為“不定冠詞”和“定冠詞”兩種。1、不定冠詞：a、an。用在單數(shù)名詞前，表示“一個，一件”。an用在以元音“音素”開頭的單詞前。如：an e-mail, an apple, an orange, an old man, an English book, an hour,an umbrella, an egg -基本用法：第一次提到的某人或某物，起介紹作用。如：This is a book.2、定冠詞：the。用在單數(shù)或者復數(shù)名詞前。the沒有具體意思，有時翻譯為這、那。它的基本用法：（1）上文中已提到過的人或事物。如：This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful.（2）用在表示世界上獨一無二的事物前。如：the sun太陽 the moon月亮 the earth地球 (3)用在序數(shù)詞之前。Sunday is the first day of the week. (4)用在樂器之前。Play the piano (5)用在專有名詞之前?！緦ｍ椌毩暋浚?）This is orange. (2) I have _bag. You have _old bag. (3)Monday is _second day of the week. (4)He can play _piano.(5)_Palace Museum is old and beautiful. (三)代詞：是指代名詞、形容詞或數(shù)詞的詞。有兩種：人稱代詞和物主代詞1、人稱代詞：是用來表示你我他（它，她），你們、我們、他（它，她）們的詞。人稱代詞有人、數(shù)、格的變化。第三人稱的單數(shù)人稱代詞還有性的變化。2、物主代詞：表示所有關系的代詞叫做物主代詞。分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。教學要求掌握形容詞性物主代詞。請牢記下表：人稱代詞物主代詞單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性第一人稱Imeweusmymineourours第二人稱youyouyouyouyouryoursyouryours第三人稱hehimtheythemhishistheirtheirssheherherhersitititsits3、指示代詞：指示代詞有this, that, these, those如：This is my book. Those are trees. 4、不定代詞：不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞。常見不定代詞有：some, any, something, everyone等。I have some books.There isnt any water in the bottle. Would you like something to eat?Everyone is very happy.【專項練習】選詞填空：（1） We like _（he, him）very much.（2） Is this _(your, yours) book?（3） _(This, These)are Jennys books.（4） Would you like _(some, something) to drink?（5） I dont have _(some, any)balls.（6） _(She, Her)is a teacher.（7） This is _(my, me) bedroom.（8） Are these your gloves? Yes, _(they, them) are.（四）數(shù)詞分為：基數(shù)詞（表示數(shù)量多少）和序數(shù)詞（表示順序第幾）。1、基數(shù)詞：基數(shù)詞不難記，找到規(guī)律很容易：12之內詞各異，13-19后加teen;整十之后加ty,說幾十幾需加-，hundred 是一百，單獨記住別忘記。2、序數(shù)詞：牢記下面口訣：基變序、有規(guī)律，詞尾加上“th”；一、二、三特殊記，詞尾字母t或d；八減t、九去e、f來把ve替；單詞ty作結尾，ty先改tie；若是碰到幾十幾，只變個位就可以。特殊：one-first, two-second , three-third, five-fifth , nine-ninth, twelve-twelfth, forty-fortieth, ninety-nineninety-ninth【專項練習】選詞填空：1. February is the _(two , second) day of a year.2. One plus four is _(five, fifth).3. There are _(seven, seventh) days in a week.4. Today is May_(twelve, twelfth).5. I have _(nine, ninth) books.（五）介詞介詞是一種用來表示詞與詞，詞與句關系的詞。常見介詞及用法見下表：例詞例句表示時間InOnAt In 2012, in May , in the morning.On Saturday, on May first, At 7:00表示方位In OnAtAboveBelowBehindBetweenUnderBesideAcross fromIn the deskOn the deskAt the store, at he traffic lightsThe picture is above the bed.The bed is below the picture. Jenny is behind the tree.The school is between the store and the bank.The ball is under the desk.The dresser is beside the bed.The restaurant is across from the bicycle shop.表示所有格Of This is a picture of her family.其它常用介詞About by for from to with 【專項練習】用介詞填空：1. We go to school _the morning.2. Turn left _the traffic lights.3. How far is it _the park to your home?4. I will go to the zoo _my father and mother.5. I get up _seven oclock.6. He arrived _London yesterday.(六)形容詞形容詞是用來修飾名詞或代詞的詞，表示任何事物的性質和特征。1 互為反義的形容詞：Happy-sad long-short cold- hot cool-warm oldyoung newold nearfarFastslow dirtyclean highlow drywet heavylight quietloud, strongweakHealthy sick lateearly big-little/small white-black2 形容詞比較級：基本用法：A is +形容詞比較級+than +B例如：A train is faster than a bike. 形容詞比較級的構成：（1） 一般情況下