英語時態(tài)結構,標志詞總結

英語時態(tài)結構，標志詞總結、一般現(xiàn)在時結構：主+be(am/is/are)+其他/ 主+實義動詞+其他/ 主+情態(tài)動詞+動原+其他標志詞：often, always, usually, sometimes , every week (day/year/month), once a week, on Sundays, on weekdays，from time to time、一般將來時結構：主+will/shall+其他/主+be going to +其他/主+be+動-ing+其他標志詞：tomorrow,in the future, next week , next Sunday,the day after tomorrow，in+ 一段時間,soon，from now on、一般過去時結構：主+be(was/ were)+其他/ 主+動詞過去式+其他/ 標志詞：一段時間ago,yesterday, in 1945，at that time，once，during the war，before,in the past , the day before yesterday, last week(year/ night/ month), just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time，this morning，a moment ago、現(xiàn)在完成時結構：主+have/has+動詞過去分詞+其他標志詞：ever, never, since, already, yet, just, before, twice, once ,three times, at the moment, at present/for+時間段；since+時間點/常見的副詞：lately，recently，up to now, till now,so far, these days，in the past few years(monthsweeksdays)、現(xiàn)在進行時結構：主+be(am/is/are)+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他標志詞：now,at the moment !at this time ,these days ,Look!Listen! 、過去進行時結構：主+be(was/ were)+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他標志詞：at that moment, at this time of yesterday, at eight last night，at 8:00am yesterday，at this time last night ,at that time 、過去完成時結構：主+had+動詞過去分詞+其他標志詞：by the end of last year(term, month)，過去完成時常用在told，said，knew，heard等詞后的賓語從句或間接引語中，這時從句中的動作發(fā)生在主句表示的過去的動作之前。、過去將來時結構：主+would/should+其他/主+was/were going to +其他標志詞：the next day/morning/year，the following year/week/month英語部分語法順口溜、名詞：記住f(e)結尾的名詞復數(shù)：(把f(e)變成v在加es)妻子(wife)持刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf)，小偷(thief)嚇得發(fā)了慌； 躲在架(shelf)后保己(self)命(life)，半(half)片樹葉(leaf)遮目光。 “某國人”的單復數(shù)：中日不變(Chinese、Japanese )英法變(Englishman/BritishmanEnglishmen/Britishmen 、FrenchmanFrenchmen)其余s加后面(Australians、Germans、Russians、Americans、Indians、Italians、Koreans 、Canadians)巧計名詞單復數(shù)同形的：中國人和日本人喜歡綿羊、鹿和魚Chinese 、Japanese、sheep、deer、fish巧記以-o結尾加-es的詞：A.“兩人兩菜”（hero, negro, potato, tomato)B.一句話 Negroes and heroes like to eat potatoes and tomatoes. 巧記不規(guī)則名詞單變復：男女腳步牙鵝，老鼠加虱婆。man-men; woman-women; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; goose-geese; mouse-mice; louse-lice.、動詞：Be動詞的用法：我用am，你用are，is跟著他她它，凡是復數(shù)都用are感官使役動詞“八字言”： 一感feel,二聽hear, listen to, 三讓have, let, make,四看see, look at, observe, watch 半幫助：help(另外還有：notice ,taste ,smell)感官使役動詞用法：感使動詞真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪；主動句里to走開，被動句里to回來用“不定式”和“動名詞”造成的意義上的差別歸為五點：不定式 動名詞A）.某一具體行動 指一般的、經常的情況B）.表示主語和賓語的動作 可能表示任何人的動作C）.主動 被動D）.未發(fā)生的事 已發(fā)生的事E）.短暫的或可能進行的事 延續(xù)的或重復發(fā)生的事接“不定式”作賓語的動詞：(vt+to do)三個希望兩答應：hope，wish，want，agree，promise兩個要求莫拒絕：demand，ask，refuse設法學會做決定：manage，learn，decide不要假裝在選擇：petend，choose要求跟“不定式”作賓補的動詞：(vt+sb/sth +to do)(1)勸教命請叫(advise, teach, order, command, ask, tell)(2)允許又警告( allow, permit, warn)(3)使役表意向(cause, let, have, make, lead, set, leave, get, wish, want, expect)(4)知覺動詞妙(feel, hear, watch, see, observe, notice)帶雙賓的動詞：“七給”，“一帶”to不少， (vt.+sth直賓+to+sb間賓; vt+sb+sth)(give給、pass遞給、lend借給、write寫給、show給看、send寄給、hand交給)(bring帶)“買”“畫”“制作”for來了。(vt.+sth直賓+for+sb間賓)(buy、draw、make)既跟動名詞也跟不定式的動詞：(vt+ doing /vt+to do)begin, start, continue, forget, remember, regret, intend, like, love, hate, try, mean只能接“動名詞”作賓語的動詞：(vt+ doing)值得、想象、莫回避，建議、堅持別放棄不禁、完成、莫推遲，喜愛、練習不介意錯過、考慮、介詞to，后接動詞加ing動詞：mind，finish，enjoy，suggest，permit，appreciate，consider，miss，dislike，keep(on)，avoid，permit，imagine，risk，escape，admit，stand(忍受)，allow，forbid，excuse 短語：give up，put off，look forward to，feel like，insist on，object to，preventfrom，set about，cant help，be/get used to，be worth doing，be no good doing，be no use doing，be busy doing ,pay attention to 加-ing要雙寫的常見動詞：一m(swim)兩d和g(nod, rid) (dig, beg)三n(run, win, begin)四p(dip, drop, mop, stop)，十t(sit, hit, fit, set, get, bet, put, regret, forget, pat)(下加線的詞，構成過去式、過去分詞時，也須雙寫尾字母）只能接不定式做賓語如：(v+to do)help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，(happen，seem)、數(shù)詞：基變序,有規(guī)律,詞尾加上th,一二三特殊記,結尾字母t/d/d,八減t,九減e,f代ve,幾加幾要注意,前為基數(shù)后為序、其他：對劃線部分提問的程序：一代（用疑問詞代替劃線部分），二移（把疑問詞移至句首）三倒（顛倒主謂語，但對主語或其定語提問時除外）四抄（照抄其它部分）some time與some times：分開是“一段”，相連是“某時”分開s是“倍次”，相連s是“有時”巧計比較級不規(guī)則變化：“壞”“病”兩“多”和兩“好”一是“遠”來二是“老”“l(fā)itter”是少不是小、a和an的用法：An hour ago, an honest man accepted an honorable task. (一小時前,一位誠實的人接受了一項光榮的任務。) In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walk along a one-way road with a usual tool. This is a usual thing.(在一所大學里,有一個歐洲人和一個獨眼龍拿著有用的工具沿著一條單行道行走,這是件平常的事。)在26個英文字母中,a, e, i, o, f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x等12個字母的讀音是以元音開頭的,其余字母則是以輔音.賓語從句的主語：一隨主，二隨賓，三不變。e.g.(1)She said I will go home .改：She said that she would go home.（一隨主）(2)She said to me You can go with me.改She said to me that I could go with her.(二不變)(3) She said to me He will go home.改She said to me that he would go home.(三不變)2.賓語從句中注意時態(tài)1.若主語為一般過去時，則賓語從句的時態(tài)要變?yōu)檫^去的某一時態(tài)。e.g.(1)He said I wil go home.“改 He said that he would go home.(一般將來時改為過去將來時)（2）He said I have had lunch.改 He said that he had had lunch.(現(xiàn)在完成時改為過去完成時)(3)He said I know a lot about the teacher.改He said that he knew a lot about the teacher.(一般現(xiàn)在時改為一般過去時)（4）He said I had lunch. He said that he had had lunch.(一般過去時改為過去完成時）(5)He said I am playing games改He said that he was playing games.(現(xiàn)在進行時改為過去進行時）特殊He said The earth goes around the sun.改 He said that the earth goes aroung the sun.(當直接引語中表示客觀事實時，時態(tài)不受主句影響）3.直接引語變間接引語時，要注意時間狀語的改變。 said I am listening to music now.改He said that he was listening to music then.(此句中now改為then)后面不舉例了，時間狀語按下面改就對了now=thentoday=that daytonight=that nightthis morningweek=that morningweektomorrow=the followingnext dayyesterday=the day beforelast mouth =the month beforeago=beforehere=there（上面左為直接引語中的時間狀語，右為間接引語的時間狀語）4.最后是指示代詞要變this改為thatthese改為those評論|40 2012-04-06 11:12nancy_575|三級1一般過去：long long ago,before ,last year/month/week.,just now 2一般現(xiàn)在: every day/year /month.,often,usurally,sometimes3一般將來:will