人教版高一英語必修一unit3知識點、練習(xí)含答案.doc

必修1 Unit 3Travel journal.詞義搭配1transportAto get a degree2prefer Bto make sb.do sth.by giving them good reasons3graduate Cthe way that you think or feel about something4persuade Dtimetable5schedule Edecide something6Determine Fan unfavorable condition7attitude Gto choose sth.rather than sth.else8disadvantage Hcarrying goods from one place to another.短語填空ever since，be fond of，care about，give in，make up ones mind，change ones mind1Nowadays more and more children _playing computer games.2At first she promised to attend my wedding，but later she_.3He _nothing but money，not even his parents and friends.4It is always the husband who _first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple.5Karen couldnt _whether to leave him or not.6She has worked as a nurse _3 years ago.句型背誦1It_was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.首先想到沿湄公河從源頭到終點騎車旅游的是我的姐姐。2Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places，she insisted_that she organize the trip properly.雖然她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅持要自己把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。3When I told her the_air_would_be_hard_to_breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.當(dāng)我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸困難，而且天氣很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經(jīng)歷。4Once she has made_up_her_mind，nothing can change it.她一旦下了決心，什么也不能使她改變。5We were_surprised_to learn that half of the river is in China.得知一半的河流位于中國，我們很驚訝。1Which kind of transport do you prefer_to use：bus or train？(P17)你更喜歡哪種交通工具，公交車還是火車？(1)transport n. & vt.運輸，運送I normally travel by public transport.我出門通常乘坐公共交通工具。A helicopter was used to transport the wounded.一架直升飛機(jī)被用來運送傷員。transport.(from.)to.把(從)運到transportation(美)transport(英)運輸，交通工具It took all day to transport the furniture to the new apartment.把家具搬到新居用了整整一天。transport/traffictransport作“交通”講時，實指運輸工具。traffic作“交通”講時，指街上的行人、車馬，著重指數(shù)量的多少。故在“交通擁擠，交通事故”中，“交通”都用traffic一詞?！窘處焸湔n資源】trans為前綴，意為“進(jìn)入另一處或狀態(tài)”。例如：translate v翻譯transplant v移植；移栽transfer v轉(zhuǎn)移transform v把轉(zhuǎn)換成；變換選詞填空：transport，trafficMy husband is using my car，so I have no means of _._is interrupted in many places.We ran out of gas right in the middle of the main street and blocked _. (2)prefer vt.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)；寧愿Of the two opinions，I prefer the former.這兩種意見中我傾向于前一種。A/The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio.大部分人似乎喜歡看電視而不喜歡聽收音機(jī)。preferI prefer walking alone.我比較喜歡一個人溜達(dá)。I should prefer you to wait for me at the bus stop.我寧愿讓你在那個汽車站等我。Would you prefer that I come on Monday instead of on Tuesday?你是喜歡讓我星期一來而不是星期二來嗎？I prefer to go to the movie theatre rather than watch MTV.比起MTV，我較喜歡去電影院看電影。用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空He prefers _(have)a car of his own.We prefer you _(finish)the work by yourself.Tom prefers to meet his friend at the station rather than _(wait)here.My husband prefers staying at home watching TV to _(go)shopping with me.I prefer that you _(keep) the secret for me.keep2disadvantage n不利條件，不便之處Think about the advantages and disadvantages of each form of transport and fill in the following chart.(P17)考慮一下各種交通方式的有利和不利條件然后填入下列圖表中。It is a disadvantage not to be able to drive a car.不會開汽車是不便的。It put him at a great disadvantage.這使他處于極其不利的地位。at a disadvantage處于不利地位under disadvantage在不利的情況下advantage n優(yōu)勢，優(yōu)點，好處take advantage of利用Sato was at a disadvantage.佐藤處于不利的地位。They labored under the disadvantage of not having enough money.他們苦于得不到足夠的資金。The Chinese team enjoyed the height advantage.中國隊占有身高優(yōu)勢。I mean to take advantage of it.我想好好利用它。完成句子眾所周知，每一樣?xùn)|西既有優(yōu)點又有缺點。我們應(yīng)該充分利用它的優(yōu)點來盡量避免它的不利方面。As we all know，everything has _and _.We should _its _to try our best to avoid its_.3ever since從以后Ever since middle school，my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.(P18)從中學(xué)起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直夢想著進(jìn)行一次偉大的自行車之旅。此處since為介詞。Ever since then，he comes out only at night.從那以后，他只在夜間出來。He has been working away without a rest ever since breakfast.他從吃早飯之后，就一直在不停地干。ever since常見用法：作介詞，后接表示時間的名詞，常與現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時連用。作副詞，單獨使用，在句中作時間狀語，常與現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時連用。作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。Ive been so sorry ever since.從那以后我一直感到內(nèi)疚。Her father has been downandout ever since the factory closed.自從工廠關(guān)閉后，她的父親一直貧困潦倒，灰心喪志。ever since要與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，有時候根據(jù)語境還可用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，也可將ever省略只用since(可用作連詞和副詞)。與ever since類似的時間狀語還有so far，up till now，by now，recently，lately，since last month，in/for the past一段時間，since.ago等。完成句子從那時起，我每天都練習(xí)打籃球。_，I have practised playing basketball.自從我們在學(xué)校認(rèn)識以來我們一直是朋友。Weve been friends_.4persuade vt.說服，勸說Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.(P18)兩年前她買了一輛很貴的山地車，然后她說服我也買了一輛。He tried to persuade her but failed.他試圖說服她，但是沒有成功。No matter how hard we tried to persuade him，he wouldnt listen.無論我們?nèi)绾闻θフf服他，他也不聽。persuadeIll persuade him to join our club.我將勸他加入我們的俱樂部。How did you persuade your father into lending us the money？你是如何說服你父親借給我們錢的？They couldnt persuade him of their sincerity.他們無法使他相信他們的誠意。【提示】persuade意為“說服，勸服”，advise“勸說，(不一定)說服”?！緦痈呖肌?2012全國卷)If she doesnt want to go，nothing you can say will_her.ApersuadeBpromiseCinvite Dsupport完成句子不要被說服買你并不需要的東西。Dont let yourself _buy things you dont really want.我們最終使本相信這個決定是明智的。We finally_Ben _the wisdom of this decision.5graduate vi.畢業(yè)n.大學(xué)畢業(yè)生After graduating from college，we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.(P18)大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，我們終于有了騎自行車旅行的機(jī)會。He was a graduate of the University of Hawaii.他是夏威夷大學(xué)的畢業(yè)生。We shall graduate in less than a year.我們用不了一年就要畢業(yè)了。graduate from.畢業(yè)于(學(xué)校)graduate in.畢業(yè)于(專業(yè))graduation n畢業(yè)；畢業(yè)典禮What university did you graduate from?你從哪所大學(xué)畢業(yè)的？介詞填空Only thirty students graduated _Chinese last year.He is a dance learner who will graduate _school in two years.6schedule n時間表；進(jìn)度表vt.為安排時間；將列入計劃(或時間表)Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.(P18)現(xiàn)在她正在為我們的旅行制訂計劃。All these activities gave him a full schedule，but somehow he managed.所有這些活動使他一天忙到晚，但他還是頂下來了。George always falls behind his schedule.喬治老是不能按時完成計劃。ahead of schedule提前on schedule按時間表，準(zhǔn)時be scheduled for預(yù)定為be scheduled to do sth.預(yù)定做某事The first part of the project was completed two months ahead of schedule.第一期工程提前兩個月完工。He is scheduled to leave for London next Monday.他預(yù)定下星期一動身去倫敦。完成句子新橋提前兩年落成。The new bridge has been finished two years_.面試時間安排在明天早上10點。The interview _10：00 am.tomorrow.7Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that she organize the trip properly.(P18)雖然她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅持要自己把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。主句中謂語動詞insist意為“堅持要求；堅決主張”，后接賓語從句，賓語從句要求用虛擬語氣，省略了should。I insist that you take immediate action to put this right.我堅決要求你立刻采取行動把事情處理好。insist表達(dá)“堅持一種說法、看法或事實”時，賓語從句則不用虛擬語氣。insist還可用作不及物動詞，意為“堅持；堅決主張意見等”，其后常接介詞on/upon。If you insist on leaving now，please go ahead.你一定要走，那就請便吧。I insist that he is correct.我認(rèn)定他是正確的。用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空The teacher insisted that his students _(finish)their homework alone.He insisted that he_(do)nothing wrong.She insisted on your _(say)“sorry” to her in public.8care about關(guān)心，憂慮，惦念，在乎Of course she hadnt；my sister doesnt care about details.(P18)當(dāng)然，她并沒有看過；我姐姐是不在意細(xì)節(jié)問題的。He doesnt care about his clothes.他不在乎衣著。And it makes me feel good that you care about us.你關(guān)心我們大家這使我太高興了。care for照管，關(guān)心，喜愛，想要care to do sth.愿意做某事，想要做某事take care注意，當(dāng)心take care of照顧；負(fù)責(zé)with care當(dāng)心；仔細(xì)地I wonder whether they will care for us.我想知道他們是否喜歡我們。He had other people to take care of besides me.除我之外，他還要照顧別人。The box of eggs was marked “With Care”這個雞蛋盒標(biāo)上了“小心”字樣。介詞填空J(rèn)im cares_nobody but himself.The old man doesnt care _the songs on the radio.The only thing that he cares _is money.Who will care _the old woman?The children are taken care _in the nursery.9She gave me a determined lookthe kind that said she would not change_her_mind.(P18)她給了我一個堅定的眼神這種眼神表明她是不會改變主意的。(1)determined adj.堅決的；有決心的Im determined to succeed.我決心要獲得成功。Is she a very determined woman?她是一位意志很堅定的女性嗎？determinebe determined to do sth.決定做某事We determine to fulfill the task ahead of time.我們決定提前完成任務(wù)。The exam results could determine your career.考試成績可能會決定你的前途。Tomorrow she shall determine whether to go abroad or not.明天她必須決定是否出國。The _look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.Asurprised BpuzzledCexcited Ddetermined (2)change ones mind改變主意(決定、看法)I soon realized that I could not make him change his mind.我很快意識到我無法使他改變想法。make up ones mind下決心，決定keep.in mind記住fix ones mind upon把注意力集中在I cant make up my mind whether to come or not.我拿不定主意是否要來。It is not easy to keep in mind what you have told me.記住你告訴我的話并不容易。完成句子畢業(yè)后他們決心到農(nóng)村安家落戶。After graduation，they_to go and settle in the countryside.你問我的時候，我正打算改變主意。Im just going to _when you ask.要記住，在你這個年紀(jì)喝酒是違法的。_drinking alcohol at your age is illegal.10When I told her the air would_be_hard_to_breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.(P18)當(dāng)我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸困難，而且天氣會很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經(jīng)歷。the air would be hard to breathe是“主語be形容詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中the air是breathe的邏輯賓語，不定式作狀語修飾形容詞。常用于此結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞有：difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。A man so difficult to please must be hard to work with.一個如此難以取悅的人一定很難與之共事。The box seemed heavy to carry.那個箱子好像提起來很重?！咎崾尽吭诖私Y(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式不能用被動語態(tài)而要用主動語態(tài)；若不定式中的動詞是不及物動詞，需有與之搭配的介詞?！緦痈呖肌?2012遼寧高考)This machine is very easy _.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.Aoperating Bto be operatingCoperated Dto operate完成句子這把椅子坐上去很舒服。The chair is very comfortable_.這個問題在兩小時內(nèi)不容易解決。The problem is not easy_in two hours.【答案】to sit onto solve11Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.(P18)她一旦下了決心，什么也不能使她改變。once在該句中是連詞，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“一旦；一就”。Once you have taken the examination，you will be able to relax.你一旦考完試就可以輕松一下。Once(it is) found，any mistake must be corrected.一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)任何錯誤就必須加以改正。Once (it is)gone，perhaps you will never get it back.一旦失去什么，也許你再也找不回來?！緦痈呖肌?2010北京高考)_they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures.AAs BWhileCUntil DOnce完成句子一旦你做出承諾，你就應(yīng)該兌現(xiàn)它。_，you should carry it out.你一到達(dá)那兒，就要給我打電話。_，youll call me.12give in投降；屈服；讓步(與to連用)；呈交，交上Finally，I had to give in.(P18)最后，我只好讓步了。Bloggs was at last forced to give in.布羅格斯終于被迫投降。Please give in your examination papers now.現(xiàn)在請交上試卷。give away贈送；泄露；出賣give off放出；散發(fā)出(液體、氣體、氣味、熱量、能量、光、聲音等)give out分發(fā)；用完，消耗盡，筋疲力盡give up放棄，戒掉；停止；認(rèn)輸；把送交給give way to給讓路；對讓步Dont give away my secret.不要泄露我的秘密。The apples give off a very sweet smell.這些蘋果散發(fā)出非常香甜的味兒。Our food supply at last gave out.我們的食物終于用完了。At no time should you give up studying.在任何時候你都不應(yīng)該放棄讀書。介、副詞填空He gave _large amounts of money to the people in need.I have given _expecting him to change.After a month their food supplies gave _.He will soon give _because he cant win the game.13attitude n態(tài)度；看法An attitude is what a person thinks about something.(P19)態(tài)度是一個人對某件事情的想法。Let us examine our attitude towards peace itself.我們先來檢討我們對和平的態(tài)度。He has a positive attitude towards life.他對生活持有積極的態(tài)度。attitude to/towards sb./sth.對的看法/態(tài)度They adopt a strong attitude towards this matter.他們對這件事采取強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度。As you get older，your_towards the matter will change.Apoint BideaCattitude Dsight1boil vi. & vt.(液體)沸騰；(水)開，煮沸，燒開This was even more exciting to see than the rapids where the water seemed to boil.(P20)這比看到仿佛沸騰了的急流更加令人激動。Water boils at 100 degrees centigrade.水在100攝氏度沸騰。We were advised to boil the water before drinking it.有人建議我們把水燒開再喝。boiling/boiledboiling形容詞，表示“沸騰的”。boiling point沸點。boiled形容詞，表示“煮過的，煮熟的”。boiled eggs煮熟的雞蛋。選詞填空：boiling，boiledDont touch the _water，and it will burn you.The _water is cold now.Perhaps it has frozen.2A determined person always tries to finish the job，no_matter_how_hard_it_is.(P20)不管困難有多大，一個有決心的人總是盡力完成工作。本句中的no matter how hard it is是讓步狀語從句，意為“不管它有多難”。No matter what you do，you must do it well.不管做什么，你都得做好。No matter where you work，you can always find time to study.無論你在哪里工作，你都能找到時間學(xué)習(xí)。no matter是連詞，意為“不管；無論”，它需要和what/who/which/when/whose/where/how等特殊疑問詞一起引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。句子的語序為：no matter how/what，etc.adj./adv.主語謂語部分。no matter how/when/where/what/who/whom/which引導(dǎo)狀語從句時可以相應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)換成however，whenever，wherever，whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever。She has the window open，no matter how/however cold it is outside.不管外面多冷她都開著窗戶。No matter when/Whenever you decide to go，I would keep you company.無論你決定何時去，我都會陪著你。【對接高考】(2012湖南高考)_ hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.AHoweverBWhateverCWhichever DWhenever完成句子Ill be your true friend，_(無論發(fā)生什么)_(無論何時我探望他)，he is busy with his research work.觀察下列句子，體會現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的用法。We are waiting for you now.Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.She is learning to swim recently.Where are we going?When are we leaving and when are we coming back?自我總結(jié)1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示此刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。如：句_。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時還可表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行而說話時不一定正在進(jìn)行的動作。如：句_。3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時有時可以表示按計劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動作，這種現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時比較生動，給人一種期待感。如：句_?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來一、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的含義現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來主要用于表示按計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動作或事件。這種用法給人一種期待感，常表示最近或較近的將來。二、用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來的動詞1表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞，如arrive，come，get(to)，leave，return，start，travel，take off，fly，see off等。A law to help those in need is starting.一項旨在幫助困難群眾的法律就要啟動。(進(jìn)行時表示將來)When is the speaker arriving？演講者何時到來？(進(jìn)行時表示將來)2表示趨向性的動詞，如do，buy，meet，have，play，spend等，此時句中一般要有表示將來的時間狀語。We are playing basketball after class.下課后我們要打籃球。(計劃將要發(fā)生)They are spending their next summer holiday in Guilin.下個暑假他們要在桂林度過。(計劃將要發(fā)生)三、其他幾種將來時態(tài)的表達(dá)形式1shall/will do表示單純的將來。will do還表示臨時打算做某事。Mr.Wang is ill in hospital.王先生生病住院了。Oh，Ill go and visit him tomorrow.哦，我明天要去看他。2be going to do表示現(xiàn)在的打算、意圖；也可表示預(yù)料在最近的將來會發(fā)生的事。I am going to be a doctor.我即將成為一名醫(yī)生。3beto do表示預(yù)定、按計劃或安排將發(fā)生，也可表示將來必定發(fā)生，或表示命令等。Tell her that she is not to be back late.告訴她不要回來晚了。4一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來可用于按規(guī)定(時間表、計劃表、日程表等)將要發(fā)生的動作；也可用在表示時間、條件或讓步的狀語從句中。The bus leaves at 6：00.汽車將在六點離開。5be about to do“剛要，正要”，常用在be about to do.when.句型中，意思是“正要做，這時”。I was about to lock the door when the telephone rang.我正要鎖門，這時電話響了。.單項填空1The midterm exam _，and everyone is trying hard to study.Awas comingBcameChas come Dis coming2Please call the station to make sure when the earliest train _.Aleave BleftCleaves Dis leaving3I _my work.Please wait for me for a while，and then lets go home together.Ajust finish Bam just finishingChave just finished Djust finished4What about going to see the final competition tonight?Why not？And I _my new friend with me.Aam taking Bhave taken5(2011福建高考)Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts.The plane_.Atakes off Bis taking offChas taken off Dtook off6We_go out when it rained.Awere about to Bare aboutCare Dwere7Frank，with his two sisters，_London by train which _at 8：30 next morning.Ais leaving for；will leaveBare leaving for；leavesCis leaving for；leavesDwill leave for；will leave8Tom，come for dinner.OK.I_.Awill come Bam comingCam going to come Dwill go9_，mother will wait for him to have dinner together.ANo matter how late is heBHowever he is lateCHowever is he lateDNo matter how late he is10We wont go to the park if it _tomorrow.Ais snowing Bwill snowCsnows Dsnowed.用所給動詞的正確時態(tài)完成句子1Do you know when Mr.Brown _？When he _，please let me know.(come)2Im told that they _(prepare)for the party now.How many of you _(attend)the party tonight?3The plane_(take off)at 8 oclock.4Li Hua is ill in hospital.Im going to see him.Really？If so，I _(go)there with you.5Look at the lightning.It _(rain)6Our English teacher _(leave) Shanghai in a few days.7I was about _(go) out when my boss came.8You _(feel) better after taking this medicine.1Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice.(P22)我們感到腿又重又冷，還以為結(jié)成冰了呢。so.that.太以至于，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。He has so many books that I cant count them.他有很多書，我數(shù)也數(shù)不清。This teacher is so kind that we all like him.這個老師非常和藹，我們都喜歡他。sothat.so that.后常引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，意為“為了/以便”，從句中常用may，might，can等情態(tài)動詞。so that.也可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語，意為“因此，所以”，常放于主句之后，用逗號與主句分開。They came late，so that they missed the early bus.他們來晚了，結(jié)果錯過了早班車。Speak clearly so that everybody can understand you.說清楚點以便每個人都能聽懂。完成句子It is _(如此好的一部電影以至于)I like to see it a second time.The mother _(走得如此快以至于)her daughter couldnt follow her.2as usual照常；照舊(常用作狀語)Wang Wei rode in front of me as usual.(P22)像往常一樣，王薇在我的前面騎。I got up at six