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學(xué)論文英文摘要常用句型英文摘要一般須以第三人稱、過去式敘述。用詞準(zhǔn)確,邏輯性強(qiáng),結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。結(jié)果和結(jié)論一般用句子表達(dá);而目的、方法(設(shè)計(jì)、地點(diǎn)和對(duì)象)等,則常用短語表達(dá)。 (1)英文摘要的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài) 1)說明研究目的,通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。 2)說明方法和結(jié)果,一般用一般過去時(shí)、第三人稱的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表達(dá)。 3)結(jié)論通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、被動(dòng)語態(tài)表達(dá),也可用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表達(dá)。 (2)常用句型 1)表達(dá)論文內(nèi)容的常用句型 A 第三人稱主動(dòng)態(tài) This paper(article,report)describes本文敘述 This paper (article)reports本文報(bào)告 This report(paper,article)presents本文介紹 This paper(article,report)discusses本文討論 常用的動(dòng)詞還有analyze(分析),evaluate(評(píng)價(jià)),compare(比較),describe(描述)等。 B 第一人稱主動(dòng)態(tài) We report(on)我們報(bào)告 We describe a case of 我們描述1例 In this paper,we present 本文介紹 In this paper,we report 本文報(bào)告 主語除we之外,還可用the authors(作者)等。 C 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài) A case is reported in which 本文報(bào)告1例 A study ofis reported本文報(bào)告的研究 is(are)described 本文描述 In this paperis(are)presented 本文介紹 2)表達(dá)目的常用句型 A 一般過去時(shí)、被動(dòng)語態(tài) The purpose(aim,objective) of this study was to 本研究旨在 The goal(aim) of this investigation was to 本研究旨在 This study was designed to 本研究旨在 This study was undertaken to 本研究旨在 This prospective study was performed to 本前瞻性研究的目的是 A study towas carried out(during) (在期間)所作研究的目的是 An attempt has been made to 為了而作試驗(yàn) B 動(dòng)詞不定式短語 To evaluate,report,investigate,study,analyze C 一般過去時(shí)、主動(dòng)語態(tài) We(the authors)conducted a study to 為了我們進(jìn)行了研究 To determine,we studied 為了確定,我們研究了 In an attempt to,in an effort to或in order to,we carried out a pilot study 為了,我們進(jìn)行了的初步研究 表示目的的常用動(dòng)詞有:evaluate(評(píng)價(jià)),examine(檢查,觀察),determine(確定,查明),elucidate(闡明),explore(探索),test(測(cè)試),compare(比較),estimate(評(píng)估),assess(估價(jià)),investigate(調(diào)查)等。 3)表達(dá)方法的常用句型 A 方法 表達(dá)研究類型 Prospective, Retrospective, Cohort,Case-control,in vivo, in vitro Using(technique),we studied 我們用(技術(shù))研究了 Using,it was found that (我們)用發(fā)現(xiàn)了 was(were)measured using (我們)用測(cè)定了 was(were)analyzed (reviewed) by (我們)用分析(回顧)了 was(were)treated with (我們)用治療了 measurements were made of 測(cè)定了 常用的動(dòng)詞還有:study,measure,determine, investigate,isolate,demonstrate,examine,identify等。 B 分組(主語通常為patients,subjects,animals) were randomly divided (grouped) intogroups 被隨機(jī)分成組 were separated intogroups based on 根據(jù),將分成組 The groups were as follows: 分組如下: C 治療或檢查方法 was performed(used) in (on)patients 我們對(duì)患者施行(應(yīng)用)了 (patients) underwentendoscopy (患者)進(jìn)行了內(nèi)鏡檢查 Surgical procedures, assay(immunohistochemistry, molecular biology) 手術(shù)方法,測(cè)試方法 C 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法 Statistical methods: Students t test, 2 was used for 4)表達(dá)結(jié)果的常用句型 A 一般句型 The results showed (demonstrated) that結(jié)果表明 It was found that (我們)發(fā)現(xiàn) It was observed that (我們)觀察到 第和句也可改為第一人稱:We found that和We observed that。 B 增加或減少 decreased by(40)降低(40) (a 70) reduction inwas observed 觀察到降低(70) There was a(15) elevation in增高(15) resulted in (a marked) increase in 導(dǎo)致(明顯)增高 was lowered fromto 從下降到 表達(dá)增加或減少的常用動(dòng)詞還有rise,raise,decline,drop,fall,lower等??捎胋y表示是凈增減的數(shù)或倍數(shù),例如“increase by 40”,表示“增加40”;而to表示增加或減少到某個(gè)具體數(shù)值。 C 相關(guān)與差別 There was a significant linear correlation betweenand 與有顯著的線性相關(guān)性 showed no strong correlation betweenand 顯示與無密切相關(guān)性 correlated positively with 與呈正相關(guān) A negative correlation was found betweenand 發(fā)現(xiàn)與呈負(fù)相關(guān) There was (were)(no)significant difference(s)or (No)significant difference(s)was found(observed) betweenand 與之間(無)有顯著差別 P value P值(需寫出具體數(shù)字) was closely related to 與密切相關(guān) 表示相互關(guān)系的常用詞還有relationship(關(guān)系),association(聯(lián)系),regression(回歸)。D 表示改善或保持 demonstrated a significant improvement in 方面呈明顯改善 values returned to (preoperative)levels 值恢復(fù)到(手術(shù)前)水平 remained at a mean of 保持在平均值水平 5)表達(dá)結(jié)論的常用句型 A 常用提示句型 These results suggest that結(jié)果提示 These findings indicate that 這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明 The data (study)show the need for 數(shù)據(jù)(研究)表明需要 The results support the concept that 結(jié)果支持的概念 Our observations confirm that 我們的觀察證實(shí) imply(提示),demonstrate(證明)和illustrate(說明) B 做出結(jié)論或建議 We conclude that 我們的結(jié)論是 We suggest that我們建議 We believe that 我們認(rèn)為 We postulate that我們?cè)O(shè)想 It is concluded that 結(jié)論是 It is suggested (proposed)that 結(jié)果提示,建議(虛擬語氣) It is recommended that 建議 It is estimated that 估計(jì) is(are)suggested(recommended) propose as C 表示一致性 These results accord with 結(jié)果與一致 The results are concordant with結(jié)果與一致 The results agree well with結(jié)果與一致 be consistent with,in accordance with(與一致) to parallel(與相平行) D 結(jié)果轉(zhuǎn)向結(jié)論 Thus,therefore,hence 因此, In conclusion最后, From this study,we conclude that根據(jù)本項(xiàng)研究,我們的結(jié)論是 These findings,coupled with the observation that,suggest that這些發(fā)

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