情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解及練習(xí)題.docx

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本用法 1. can和could，用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中,表示驚訝，用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。 How could you do such a silly thing?cannot.too/enough 表示“無(wú)論.也不過(guò)分，越.越好”。 You cant be too careful while driving? 2.may和might的區(qū)別 表示許可、可能性、祝愿等意義，might比may更委婉。 A:給別人許可時(shí)。-May I play basketball this afternoon？ B:may/might as well+動(dòng)原，“最好，倒不如”。may作“可以”講時(shí)，疑問(wèn)句回答用mustnt/cant表示禁止。 3. Must的用法表示禁止（用于否定中） You mustnt smoke in the bedroom.表示偏執(zhí)、固執(zhí) -Could I have a word with you,mum? -Oh dear,if you must.must的否定回答 A:作必須講時(shí)，疑問(wèn)否定回答用dont have to,neednt B：推測(cè)，一定講時(shí)，回答用cant. C:mustnt表禁止。 -May I use your car? -No, you mustnt./-Sorry,youd better not.(委婉)注意：must強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)在職責(zé)，而have to 強(qiáng)調(diào)迫于外界壓力，不得已而為之。 4 .shall的用法一、三人稱征求意見時(shí)。請(qǐng)求對(duì)方時(shí)。Shall we begin our class?二，三人稱陳述句中，說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令，警告、允諾或威脅。 You shall not get my support if you do such a thing. 5.will和would的區(qū)別自愿主動(dòng)提出，如：意志、愿望或決心，would 過(guò)去，will not表示拒絕。 I have told him again and again to stop smoking,but he will not listen.will習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，有“總是”或“總要”之意。 Everything he will have a walk along this year.would過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，比used to 正式。 Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after Class.used to do 過(guò)去常，過(guò)去一直-只表示過(guò)去。 be used to do “用來(lái)”/be used to doing習(xí)慣于-可表過(guò)、現(xiàn)或?qū)ⅰ?6.dare表示敢于 情態(tài)：dare do Dare you go home along？ 及物：dare to do Do they dare to say what she thinks? 7.need用法 情態(tài)：need do 及物 need to do表示主動(dòng) need doing 被動(dòng) My overcoats needs washing. 8. must一定要,必須，應(yīng)該（現(xiàn)在時(shí)） have to 客觀需要，能用于更多時(shí)態(tài)（過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)） 注意ought to 表示義務(wù)和責(zé)任“應(yīng)該”，比should語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)。 You ought to take care of yourself.2 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞適用場(chǎng)合對(duì)未來(lái)和現(xiàn)在推測(cè)對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成體)may/might肯、否may/might domay/might have done可能做過(guò)，本應(yīng)做而實(shí)際未做。can/could否、疑Could 肯can/could docan/could have done 本應(yīng)做而實(shí)未做cant have done 不肯能做過(guò)，語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈should肯、否、疑用來(lái)表示一種估計(jì)的情況，should doshould have done 本應(yīng)做而未做shouldnt have done 不應(yīng)該做而做了ought toought to doought to have doneought not to have doneneedneed doneednt have done本來(lái)不必而實(shí)際已經(jīng)發(fā)生了must肯定句must domust have done一定發(fā)生了 1.Sorry,Im late,I might have turned off the alarm clock and go back again. 2.The accident could have been avoided. 3.You should have told me about it earlier. 4.You ought not to have said such words to your parents. 5.You neednt have walked so quickly since time was enough. 6.He must have completed his work,otherwise,he wouldnt be enjoying himself by seaside.9情態(tài)動(dòng)詞練習(xí)題1.(2011全國(guó)卷II,8)If you _ smoke, please go outside.A. can B. should C. must D. may2.（2011北京卷,24）I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He _ come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not3.（2011上海春招,27）some young people these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world.A. mustnt B. wont C. mightnt D. shouldnt4.（2011福建卷,25）Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?I am afraid you _, in case he comes late for the meeting .A.will B.must C.may D.can5.（2011安徽卷, 26）What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _.A. will never replace B. would never replaceC. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced6(2011浙江卷,11)Hows your new babysitter?We _ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. should B.might C. mustnt D. couldnt7.（2011四川卷,20）The police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they _.A.can B.may C.must D.should8.（2011重慶卷,25）Why didnt you come to Simons party last night? I wanted to ,but my mom simply _ not let me out so late at night.A. could B. might C. would D. should9.（2011陜西卷,24）Will you read me a story ,Mummy?OK. You _ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. might B. must C. could D. shall10.（2011湖南卷,28）No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.A. can B. need C. must D. might11.(2011遼寧卷,21)If you _ go, at least wait until the storm is over.A. can B. may C. must D. will12（10安徽32）Jack described his father, who _ a brave boy many years ago, as a strongwilled manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been.13.（10湖南23）You _ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to14. （10江西23）I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A Must B Can C May D Will15. （10山東25）I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams.A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt16. （10天津9）Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt17. （10四川3） _ I take the book out? Im afraid not.A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need18. （10全國(guó)29）Just be patient .You _ expect the world to change so soon .A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. whether19 （10江蘇25）I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month.Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may20. （陜西 23）May I take this book out of the reading room?No, you _. You read it in here.A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt21 （10全國(guó)17）Im afraid Mr. Harding _see you now. Hes busy.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D .neednt22. （10湖北79）Its said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _（不可能做到）because the ocean in between is too wide. (do)23（10遼寧26）Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise.Acan Bwill Cmust Dmay24 （10北京23）-Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the PersonnelDepartment.-Ah, good morning. You _ be Mrs. Peters.A. might B. must C. would D. canPeters了因此排除A,C.D25 （10浙江17）“You _ have a wrong number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.”A. need B. canC. must D. would情態(tài)動(dòng)詞答案1答案 C 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.句意為“如果你非得要抽煙,請(qǐng)到外面去抽.”must (表示主張)一定要,堅(jiān)持要.根據(jù)后一句please go outside的要求,選C.2答案 D解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.句意為“我真不喜歡James.你為何請(qǐng)了他?別擔(dān)心.他可能來(lái)不了.他說(shuō)他的計(jì)劃還沒(méi)安排好.”題干中的he wasnt certain說(shuō)明他可能不來(lái),可能來(lái),因此使用不完全否定might not.選D.3答案 B 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.句意為“現(xiàn)在一些年輕人就是不愿意走出家門接觸真正的世界.”mustnt禁止,不允許；wont不愿意,就是不,偏不,具有主觀性；mightnt可能不；shouldnt不應(yīng)該.根據(jù)句意選B.4答案 B 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.句意為“需要我現(xiàn)在就通知他計(jì)劃有變嗎?恐怕你得這樣做,以防他開會(huì)遲到.”must (表示必要、命令或強(qiáng)制)必須,得.根據(jù)后半句,選B5答案 C 析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.句意為“你對(duì)將來(lái)的商店購(gòu)物怎么看?我個(gè)人認(rèn)為會(huì)與在家購(gòu)物并存,但商店購(gòu)物不會(huì)被取代.”根據(jù)I think it will exist along with home shopping,排除虛擬的選項(xiàng)D,這是表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間,考慮到被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),選C.6答案 D 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.句意為“你的新保姆怎么樣?找不到更好的了.我們的孩子們很喜歡她.”should應(yīng)該；might可能,可以；mustnt禁止；couldnt不可能.根據(jù)句意選D.7答案 A 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.句意為“警方依然沒(méi)有找到失蹤的孩子,但他們現(xiàn)在正在做他們所能做的一切.”can可以,能夠；may可能,許可；must必須；should應(yīng)該.根據(jù)句意,選A.8答案 C 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.句意為“昨晚你為什么沒(méi)來(lái)參加Simon的聚會(huì)?我想來(lái)的,但我媽媽就是不愿我這么晚出來(lái).”could可以,能夠,表示可能性或用于婉轉(zhuǎn)語(yǔ)氣；might可能,表示不確定；would愿意,偏要,表示意志；should應(yīng)該,表示建議、命令、決定等.根據(jù)題意選C.9答案 D 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.句意為“媽媽,可以讀一個(gè)故事給我聽嗎?好的,如果你馬上上床睡覺的話.”shall 用于陳述句中的第二、第三人稱時(shí),表示說(shuō)話人的意圖、允諾、警告、命令、決心等,題中是母親對(duì)兒子的承諾,故選D.10答案 A 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.句意為“在打籃球方面沒(méi)人能比得上姚明.”can可以,能夠；need需要；must必須；might可能.故根據(jù)題意,選A.11答案 C 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.句意為“如果你非得走話,至少也要等到這暴風(fēng)雨過(guò)去后.”can可以,能夠；may 可能,許可；must(表示主張)一定要,堅(jiān)持要；will將要,愿意.根據(jù)后句的勸告,選C.12答案：D. 考點(diǎn)：本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞推測(cè)用法.解析：句意為“杰克把他的父親描述為一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人,他的父親多年前肯定很勇敢.”用must have been表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè).13答案：D 考點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 解析：dont have to 意為“沒(méi)有必要”,符合語(yǔ)境,句意為：“你沒(méi)有必要買禮物,但如果你想買的話,你也可以買.”14答案：A 考點(diǎn)：考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.解析： must 必須, 一定 can 可以, 能夠 may 也許 will 意愿, 傾向性動(dòng)作, 前半句說(shuō)我告訴你事實(shí)了, 這里用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí), 表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響, 既然我已經(jīng)說(shuō)了, 我還必須重復(fù)一遍嗎?15答案：A 考點(diǎn)：本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.解析：句意應(yīng)為“我本來(lái)不應(yīng)該看那部電影的-它會(huì)使我做噩夢(mèng)的.”表示“本來(lái)不應(yīng)該做而做了某事”用shouldnt have done, 所以A項(xiàng)正確.16答案：A. 考點(diǎn)：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞.句意：邁克本來(lái)不必要那么忙的.這么高速駕駛之后,他早半個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)了.解析：根據(jù)后面的語(yǔ)境,提前半個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá),說(shuō)明Ma